1、 ETSI EN 302 291-1 V1.1.1 (2005-07)European Standard (Telecommunications series) Electromagnetic compatibilityand Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);Short Range Devices (SRD);Close Range Inductive Data Communicationequipment operating at 13,56 MHz;Part 1: Technical characteristics and test methodsETSI ETS
2、I EN 302 291-1 V1.1.1 (2005-07) 2 Reference DEN/ERM-TG23-015-1 Keywords data, inductive, radio, short range, SRD ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association but non lucratif enreg
3、istre la Sous-Prfecture de Grasse (06) N 7803/88 Important notice Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded from: http:/www.etsi.org The present document may be made available in more than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or perceived difference in conten
4、ts between such versions, the reference version is the Portable Document Format (PDF). In case of dispute, the reference shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat. Users of the present document should be aware that the document
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6、chaircor/ETSI_support.asp Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2005. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM and U
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8、SI ETSI EN 302 291-1 V1.1.1 (2005-07) 3 Contents Intellectual Property Rights6 Foreword.6 1 Scope 7 2 References 8 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations .8 3.1 Definitions8 3.2 Symbols9 3.3 Abbreviations .9 4 Technical requirements specifications .9 4.1 General requirements .9 4.1.1 Receiver clas
9、sification 9 4.1.2 General performance criteria 10 4.2 Presentation of equipment for testing purposes10 4.2.1 Choice of model for testing 10 4.2.2 Testing of equipment with alternative radiated field or power levels.11 4.2.3 Testing of equipment that does not have an external 50 ohm RF connector (in
10、tegral antenna equipment) 11 4.2.3.1 Equipment with an internal permanent or temporary antenna connector11 4.2.3.2 Equipment with a temporary antenna connector.11 4.2.4 On-site testing.11 4.3 Mechanical and electrical design11 4.3.1 General11 4.3.2 Controls 11 4.3.3 Transmitter shut-off facility11 4
11、.3.4 Receiver mute or squelch12 4.3.5 CE Marking 12 4.3.5.1 Equipment identification.12 4.4 Declarations by the applicant .12 4.5 Auxiliary test equipment 12 4.6 Interpretation of the measurement results 12 5 Test conditions, power sources and ambient temperatures 13 5.1 Normal and extreme test cond
12、itions .13 5.2 Test power source.13 5.2.1 External test power source13 5.2.2 Internal test power source .13 5.3 Normal test conditions13 5.3.1 Normal temperature and humidity13 5.3.2 Normal test power source .14 5.3.2.1 Mains voltage14 5.3.2.2 Regulated lead-acid battery power sources .14 5.3.2.3 Ot
13、her power sources14 5.4 Extreme test conditions 14 5.4.1 Extreme temperatures .14 5.4.1.1 Procedure for tests at extreme temperatures14 5.4.1.1.1 Procedure for equipment designed for continuous operation 14 5.4.1.1.2 Procedure for equipment designed for intermittent operation .14 5.4.1.2 Extreme tem
14、perature ranges15 5.4.2 Extreme test source voltages.15 5.4.2.1 Mains voltage15 5.4.2.2 Regulated lead-acid battery power sources .15 5.4.2.3 Power sources using other types of batteries.15 5.4.2.4 Other power sources16 6 General conditions16 ETSI ETSI EN 302 291-1 V1.1.1 (2005-07) 4 6.1 Normal test
15、 signals and test modulation.16 6.1.1 Normal test signals for data 16 6.2 Artificial antenna16 6.2.1 Artificial antenna for transmitters with 50 ohm impedance connector .16 6.3 Test fixture .16 6.4 Test sites and general arrangements for radiated measurements 16 6.5 Measuring receiver.17 7 Transmitt
16、er requirements .17 7.1 Transmitter carrier output levels 18 7.1.1 H-field (radiated) 18 7.1.1.1 Definition 18 7.1.1.2 Methods of measurement 18 7.1.1.3 Limits 18 7.2 Transmitter spurious emissions 19 7.2.1 Definition19 7.2.2 Conducted spurious emissions19 7.2.2.1 Methods of measurement ( 30 MHz) 19
17、 7.2.2.2 Limits 20 7.2.3 Radiated spurious emissions.20 7.2.3.1 Methods of measurement ( 30 MHz) 20 7.2.3.2 Limits 20 7.2.4 Effective radiated spurious power 20 7.2.4.1 Methods of measurement ( 30 MHz) 20 7.2.4.2 Limits 21 7.3 Duty cycle 21 7.3.1 Definitions 21 7.3.2 Declaration22 7.3.3 Duty cycle c
18、lasses.22 8 Receiver requirement .22 8.1 Blocking or desensitization 22 8.1.1 Definition22 8.1.2 Methods of measurement22 8.1.3 Limits23 8.2 Receiver spurious emissions.23 8.2.1 Definition23 8.2.2 Methods of measurement23 8.2.3 Limits24 8.2.3.1 Radiated emissions below 30 MHz.24 8.2.3.2 Radiated and
19、 conducted emissions above 30 MHz .24 9 Measurement uncertainty .24 Annex A (normative): Radiated measurement25 A.1 Test sites and general arrangements for measurements involving the use of radiated fields.25 A.1.1 Anechoic chamber25 A.1.2 Anechoic chamber with a conductive ground plane.26 A.1.3 Ope
20、n Area Test Site (OATS) .27 A.1.4 Test antenna28 A.1.5 Substitution antenna .29 A.1.6 Measuring antenna .29 A.1.7 Stripline arrangement .29 A.1.7.1 General29 A.1.7.2 Description29 A.1.7.3 Calibration 29 A.1.7.4 Mode of use 30 A.2 Guidance on the use of radiation test sites .30 A.2.1 Verification of
21、the test site .30 A.2.2 Preparation of the EUT.30 A.2.3 Power supplies to the EUT.30 A.2.4 Range length.30 ETSI ETSI EN 302 291-1 V1.1.1 (2005-07) 5 A.2.4.1 Far-field length above 30 MHz.30 A.2.4.2 Near-field and Far-field length below 30 MHz.31 A.2.5 Site preparation 31 A.3 Coupling of signals.32 A
22、.3.1 General .32 A.3.2 Data Signals32 A.4 Standard test position .32 A.5 Test fixture .33 A.5.1 Description .33 A.5.2 Calibration33 A.5.3 Mode of use34 Annex B (normative): Technical performance of the spectrum analyser.35 Annex C (informative): Bibliography.36 History 37 ETSI ETSI EN 302 291-1 V1.1
23、.1 (2005-07) 6 Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR 000 314: “Intell
24、ectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (http:/webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investi
25、gation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This European Standard
26、(Telecommunications series) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM). For non EU countries the present document may be used for regulatory (Type Approval) purposes. The present document is part 1 of a multi-part deliverable covering
27、 the Short Range Devices (SRD); Close Range Inductive Data Communication equipment operating at 13,56 MHz as identified below: Part 1: “Technical characteristics and test methods“; Part 2: “Harmonized EN under article 3.2 of the R - with an antenna connection and/or with an integral antenna; - for a
28、larms, identification systems, telecommand, telemetry, etc. When selecting new applications, which may have inherent safety of human life implications, manufacturers and users should pay particular attention to the potential for interference from other systems operating in the same or adjacent bands
29、. The present document covers fixed stations, mobile stations and portable stations. If a system includes transponders, these are measured together with the transmitter. All types of modulation for radio devices are covered by the present document, provided the requirements of clause 7 are met. The
30、radio equipment, covered by the present document has a maximum radiated field strength given in table 1. Table 1: Maximum radiated H-field at 13,56 MHz Radiated H-field +25 dBA/m at 10 m On non-harmonized parameters, national administrations may impose conditions on the type of modulation, frequency
31、, channel/frequency separations, maximum transmitter radiated field strength/maximum output current to a defined antenna, duty cycle, equipment marking and the inclusion of an automatic transmitter shut-off facility, as a condition for the issue of an individual or general licence, or as a condition
32、 for use under licence exemption. Two types of measuring methods are defined in the present document due to the varied nature of the types of equipment used in this band. One method measures the radiated H-field and the second the radiated power. The present document covers requirements for radiated
33、 emissions below as well as above 30 MHz. Additional standards or specifications may be required for equipment such as that intended for connection to the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN). ETSI ETSI EN 302 291-1 V1.1.1 (2005-07) 8 2 References The following documents contain provisions which
34、, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. For a non-specific reference, the
35、latest version applies. Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at http:/docbox.etsi.org/Reference. 1 CEPT/ERC Recommendation 70-03: “Relating to the use of Short Range Devices (SRD)“. 2 ITU-T Recommendation O.153: “Basic parameters f
36、or the measurement of error performance at bit rates below the primary rate“. 3 ETSI TR 100 028 (all parts): “Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Uncertainties in the measurement of mobile radio equipment characteristics“. 4 CISPR 16-1: “Specification for radio disturbanc
37、e and immunity measuring apparatus and methods; Part 1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus“. 5 ETSI TR 102 273 (parts 2 to 4): “Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Improvement on Radiated Methods of Measurement (using test site) and evaluation of the corre
38、sponding measurement uncertainties“. 6 ANSI C63.5: “American National Standard for Electromagnetic Compatibility-Radiated Emission Measurements in Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) Control-Calibration of Antennas (9 kHz to 40 GHz)“. 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations 3.1 Definitions For the p
39、urposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: artificial antenna: tuned reduced-radiating dummy load equal to the nominal impedance specified by the applicant assigned frequency band: frequency band within which the device is authorized to operate conducted measurements
40、: measurements which are made using a direct connection to the equipment under test dedicated antenna: removable antenna supplied and tested with the radio equipment, designed as an indispensable part of the equipment fixed station: equipment intended for use in a fixed location H-field test antenna
41、: electrically screened loop or equivalent antenna, with which the magnetic component of the field can be measured identification system: equipment consisting of a transmitter(s), receiver(s) (or a combination of the two) and an antenna(s) to identify objects by means of a transponder integral anten
42、na: permanent fixed antenna, which may be build-in, designed as an indispensable part of the equipment portable station: equipment intended to be carried, attached or implanted radiated measurements: measurements which involve the absolute measurement of a radiated field ETSI ETSI EN 302 291-1 V1.1.
43、1 (2005-07) 9 telecommand: use of radio communication for the transmission of signals to initiate, modify or terminate functions of equipment at a distance telemetry: use of radio communication for indicating or recording data at a distance transponder: device, that responds to an interrogation sign
44、al 3.2 Symbols For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply: E Electrical field strength e.r.p effective radiated power f frequency fCcarrier frequency H magnetic field strength oct octaveP Power PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network R distance t time 3.3 Abbreviations For
45、the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: e.r.p. effective radiated power EMC ElectroMagnetic Compatibility EUT Equipment Under Test OATS Open Area Test Site PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network R e.g. serving human life inherent systems (may result in a physical ris
46、k to a person) 2 8.1 and 8.2 Medium reliable SRD communication media e.g. causing Inconvenience to persons, which cannot simply be overcome by other means 3 8.2 Standard reliable SRD communication media e.g. Inconvenience to persons, which can simply be overcome by other means (e.g. manual) NOTE: Wi
47、th reference to the present document manufacturers are recommended to declare classification of their devices in accordance with table 2 as relevant. In particular where the equipment which may have an inherent safety of human life implications, manufacturers and users should pay particular attentio
48、n to the potential for interference from other systems operating in the same or adjacent bands. 4.1.2 General performance criteria For the purpose of the receiver performance tests, the receiver will produce an appropriate output under normal conditions as indicated below. Where the indicated perfor
49、mance cannot be achieved or if it defined differently, the manufacturer shall declare and publish the performance criteria used to determine the performance of the receiver: - after demodulation, a data signal with a bit error ratio of 10-2or better; or - after demodulation, a message acceptance ratio of 80 % or better. 4.2 Presentation of equipment for testing purposes Each equipment submitted for testing where type approval is still in force shall fulfil the requirements of the present document on all frequencies over which it is intended to operate. The
