1、 ETSI TS 102 636-1 V1.1.1 (2010-03)Technical Specification Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS);Vehicular Communications;GeoNetworking;Part 1: RequirementsETSI ETSI TS 102 636-1 V1.1.1 (2010-03)2Reference DTS/ITS-0030002 Keywords addressing, ITS, network, point-to-multipoint; point-to-point, protocol
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8、d by the GSM Association. ETSI ETSI TS 102 636-1 V1.1.1 (2010-03)3Contents Intellectual Property Rights 4g3Foreword . 4g31 Scope 5g32 References 5g32.1 Normative references . 5g32.2 Informative references 6g33 Definitions and abbreviations . 6g33.1 Definitions 6g33.2 Abbreviations . 6g34 Design guid
9、elines . 6g35 Functional requirements . 6g35.1 Communication mode 6g35.2 GeoNetworking addressing 7g35.3 Geographical routing 7g35.4 Status information signalling 7g35.5 Priority and buffering . 7g35.6 Data congestion control 7g35.7 Security and privacy . 8g35.8 Cross-layer signalling . 8g35.9 GeoNe
10、tworking and IPv6 . 8g35.10 Transport layer functions 8g36 Performance requirements 8g3Annex A (informative): Other requirements . 9g3Annex B (informative): Introduction to GeoNetworking . 10g3Annex C (informative): Bibliography . 12g3History 13g3ETSI ETSI TS 102 636-1 V1.1.1 (2010-03)4Intellectual
11、Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR 000 314: “Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs
12、); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (http:/webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR search
13、es, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This Technical Specification (TS) has been produced
14、 by ETSI Technical Committee Intelligent Transport System (ITS). The present document is part 1 of a multi-part deliverable covering Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS); Vehicular Communications; GeoNetworking, as identified below: Part 1: “ Requirements“; Part 2: “Scenarios“; Part 3: “Network archi
15、tecture“; Part 4: “Geographical addressing and forwarding for point-to-point and point-to-multipoint communications; Part 5: “Transport protocols“; Part 6: “Internet integration“. ETSI ETSI TS 102 636-1 V1.1.1 (2010-03)51 Scope The present document specifies the general, functional and performance r
16、equirements for ITS network and transport layer at a high level. The present document is applicable to different types of ITS access technologies. 2 References References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For a specific r
17、eference, subsequent revisions do not apply. Non-specific reference may be made only to a complete document or a part thereof and only in the following cases: - if it is accepted that it will be possible to use all future changes of the referenced document for the purposes of the referring document;
18、 - for informative references. Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at http:/docbox.etsi.org/Reference. NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication ETSI cannot guarantee their long term
19、validity. 2.1 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of the present document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For non-specific references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. 1
20、ETSI EN 302 665: “Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS); Communications Architecture“. 2 ETSI TS 102 637-1: “Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS); Vehicular Communications; Basic Set of Applications; Part 1: Functional Requirements“. 3 ETSI TS 102 636-2 “Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS); Vehicular C
21、ommunications; GeoNetworking; Part 2: Scenarios“. 4 ETSI TS 102 636-3 “Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS); Vehicular Communications; GeoNetworking; Part 3: Network architecture“. 5 IETF RFC 4861: “Neighbor Discovery for IP version 6 (IPv6)“. 6 IETF RFC 4862: “IPv6 Stateless Address Autoconfiguratio
22、n“. 7 IETF RFC 3775: “Mobility Support in IPv6“. 8 IETF RFC 3963: “Network Mobility (NEMO) Basic Support Protocol“. ETSI ETSI TS 102 636-1 V1.1.1 (2010-03)62.2 Informative references The following referenced documents are not essential to the use of the present document but they assist the user with
23、 regard to a particular subject area. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. Not applicable. 3 Definitions and abbreviations 3.1 Definitions For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in 4 and the
24、following apply: ad hoc communication: communication in an ad hoc network transmission interval control: mechanisms to adjust the rate of sending messages via wireless channel transmission power control: mechanisms to adjust transmission power on wireless channel 3.2 Abbreviations For the purposes o
25、f the present document, the abbreviations given in 4 and the following apply: TIC Transmission Interval Control TPC Transmission Power Control VANET Vehicular Ad hoc Network 4 Design guidelines The ITS network and transport layer shall be designed to: efficiently disseminate safety and traffic effic
26、iency messages as specified in 2; support all communication scenarios specified in 3; transparently transport IPv6 packets with minimum changes to IPv6; support privacy and security functions; support different communication media and interfaces as specified in 1. 5 Functional requirements 5.1 Commu
27、nication mode The ITS network and transport layer shall support self-organized communication between ITS vehicle stations without any assistance from the ITS access network, and also allow communication with assistance from the ITS access network. The ITS network and transport layer shall also suppo
28、rt self-organized communication ITS vehicle stations and ITS roadside stations. For safety applications that have stringent requirement on the latency of message delivery, the ITS network and transport layer shall support communication without the need to exchange any signalling messages beforehand.
29、 ETSI ETSI TS 102 636-1 V1.1.1 (2010-03)75.2 GeoNetworking addressing Each ITS station must have at least one unique address at the ITS network and transport layer in its communication environment. The address may be based on each individual nodes identity or geographical position. The ITS network a
30、nd transport layer shall support at least circular geographical target areas and may support other types of geographical target areas needed by applications. The ITS network and transport layer shall support automatic address configuration, which does not require any manual configuration from human
31、beings. The ITS network and transport layer shall also allow manual address configuration. 5.3 Geographical routing Routing functions must efficiently support all communication scenarios specified in 3. 5.4 Status information signalling The status information of ITS stations shall include each nodes
32、 address at the ITS network and transport layer, position, speed, heading, time stamp and their accuracy, and may also include other information such as altitude, etc. Status information shall be maintained in a database and the ITS network and transport layer shall have access to this data. Exchang
33、e of status information shall be carried out by at least one of the following means: explicit status information exchange protocol, e.g. location resolution of an ITS station by means of location service; implicit status information signalling by sending periodical packets including status informati
34、on. The status information signalling shall to be carried out in an efficient way that will not cause congestion in the network. 5.5 Priority and buffering The ITS network and transport layer shall support packets with different priorities with the highest priority for critical safety packets. The I
35、TS network and transport layer shall treat packets with different priorities differently in that high priority packets have easier access to communication channel. The ITS network and transport layer shall be able to temporarily buffer packets and either drop them or send them to the lower layer at
36、a later time. Such buffering functions are necessary in certain conditions, such as in case the location of the destination is unknown or there is no direct neighbour to forward packets to the destination. 5.6 Data congestion control The ITS network and transport layer shall support data congestion
37、control functions in order to keep network load at an acceptable level, for example, by means of Transmission Interval Control (TIC), Transmission Power Control (TPC), reducing packet size, efficient routing and forwarding protocol, etc. NOTE: Data congestion control at the ITS network and transport
38、 layer is different from traditional data congestion control mechanisms in TCP in many aspects, e.g. communication type, data traffic characteristics, usage of the end-to-end approach, types of algorithms. Data congestion control at the ITS network and transport layer may take a totally different ap
39、proach than TCP does. Depending on the type of packet, one or a combination of several mechanisms shall be applied for data congestion control. ETSI ETSI TS 102 636-1 V1.1.1 (2010-03)85.7 Security and privacy The ITS network and transport layer shall support security objectives for both single-hop a
40、nd multi-hop communication. Security objectives particularly include integrity, privacy and non-repudiation and shall protect the ITS network and transport layer protocol header. The ITS network and transport layer shall also protect privacy, i.e. provide confidentiality to personal data such as nod
41、e ID and location. 5.8 Cross-layer signalling The ITS network and transport layer shall support information exchange between different layers, and entities at each layer may select the required information to be received. Information exchange shall be bi-directional, structured and efficient. 5.9 Ge
42、oNetworking and IPv6 The ITS network and transport layer shall allow legacy IPv6 applications run on top of the ITS network and transport layer and support transparently routing of IPv6 packets. The following functions shall be supported by the ITS network and transport layer: Efficient methods to s
43、upport IPv6 Neighbor Discovery function 5; IPv6 Stateless Address Autoconfiguration 6; Interfaces and method to support IPv6 unicast; Interfaces and method to support IPv6 multicast; IPv6 mobility protocols 7; IPv6 Network Mobility (NEMO) Basic Support Protocol 8. 5.10 Transport layer functions The
44、transport protocol used together with GeoNetworking shall support multiplexing and de-multiplexing of application data. 6 Performance requirements In general, the ITS network and transport layer shall provide low-latency communications; provide reliable communications with the highest reliability fo
45、r safety messages; keep signalling, routing and packet forwarding overhead low; be fair among different nodes with respect to bandwidth usage considering the type of messages; be robust against security attack, mal-function in ITS stations; be able to work in scenarios with low and high density of G
46、eoNetworking-enabled nodes. NOTE: The dissemination of safety messages in VANETs typically have requirements on latency, reliability and dissemination area. The metrics for latency and reliability should be studied and their relationship with message size, ITS stationdensity, and message disseminati
47、on range is to be studied with respect to different communication scenarios. Tradeoffs between efficiency and reliability should be studied. A set of rules should be defined to treat packets differently according to their priorities or other criteria. ETSI ETSI TS 102 636-1 V1.1.1 (2010-03)9Annex A
48、(informative): Other requirements The ITS network and transport layer should have low complexity. It should also enable have interoperability among: different ITS stations; different applications; different hardware platforms; different hardware vendors; different software manufacturer. ETSI ETSI TS
49、 102 636-1 V1.1.1 (2010-03)10Annex B (informative): Introduction to GeoNetworking Wireless communication is a cornerstone of future Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS). Many ITS applications require a rapid and direct communication, which can be achieved by ad hoc network. GeoNetworking is a network-layer protocol for ad hoc communication based on wireless technology such as ITS-G5. It provides communication in mobile environments without the need for a coordinating infrastructure. GeoNe
