1、 WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS Test Procedure GMW16621 Wiper Blade Test Procedure Copyright 2011 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved December 2011 Originating Department: North American Engineering Standards Page 1 of 11 1 Scope Note: Nothing in this standard supercedes applicable laws and
2、regulations. Note: In the event of conflict between the English and domestic language, the English language shall take precedence. 1.1 Purpose. This standard defines the testing methodology and requirements for validating front and rear wiper blades to GM requirements. 1.2 Foreword. This document is
3、 the GM Worldwide Wiper Blade Testing Standard. Its purpose is to establish a set of common requirements for wiper blades that are used on GM vehicles. This is a living document and any suggestions or revisions will be reviewed and/or updated annually by the Windshield Wiper Global Subsystem Leaders
4、hip Team (GSSLT). 1.3 Applicability. This document is applicable for all car, Multipurpose Passenger Vehicle (MPV), and truck models produced by GM. 2 References Note: Only the latest approved standards are applicable unless otherwise specified. 2.1 External Standards/Specifications. ISO 188 SAE J90
5、3 2.2 GM Standards/Specifications. GMW14268 GMW15835 2.3 Additional References. Part No. 9965864 GM-approved Windshield Cleaner Standard Wipe Quality Rating Scale (refer to the SSTS) 3 Resources 3.1 Facilities. No special facilities required. 3.1.1 Calibration. The test facilities and equipment shal
6、l be in good working order and shall have a valid calibration label. 3.1.2 Alternatives. Alternative test facilities and equipment may also be used. However, all measuring variables as specified in this specification shall be determined correctly with respect to its physical definition. 3.2 Equipmen
7、t. 3.2.1 Thermal Chamber large enough to contain three test bucks and capable of -30 C thru 100 C with controlled humidity. 3.2.2 Ozone Cabinet with temperature control and humidity capability up to 60% relative humidity (RH). 3.2.3 Ageing Cabinet with temperature control and humidity capability up
8、to 60% RH. 3.2.4 Type 1 Laminar Air Flow Heat Ageing Cabinet (ISO 188: (E). 3.2.5 Body test buck consisting of Body-in-White (BIW), Windshield, and front wiper module. 3.2.6 Body test buck consisting of Rear liftgate, rear glass, and rear wiper motor. 3.2.7 Water spray equipment/nozzle according to
9、SAE J903, section 5.2.2 c (820 cm/minute minimum). 3.2.8 Water used shall comply with Table 1. Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDAR
10、DS GMW16621 Copyright 2011 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved December 2011 Page 2 of 11 Table 1: Water Quality Specification Total Hardness (CaCO3) 200 ppm Maximum Sulfates 50 ppm Maximum Chlorides 25 ppm Maximum pH 6.0 to 8.0 Conductivity 400 micromhos Maximum Total Heavy Metal Less than 1
11、 ppm Bacteria Count 1000 parts Maximum 3.3 Test Vehicle/Test Piece. 3.3.1 Unless otherwise specified, six samples of components. 3.3.2 All components used in testing shall be within drawing specifications and have supporting data prior to start of test. 3.3.3 Glass used for test bucks must be within
12、 drawing tolerances and no cracks or known deformities are allowed. 3.4 Test Time. Calendar time: Test time is dependent on test being performed Test hours: Test time is dependent on test being performed Coordination hours: Test time is dependent on test being performed 3.5 Test Required Information
13、. 3.5.1 GM Validation is to be notified of test failures within 24 h period of occurrence. 3.5.2 Supplier to develop five phase document for all test failures. 3.6 Personnel/Skills. Not applicable. 4 Procedure 4.1 Preparation. 4.1.1 Properly clean glass before every new test with GM approved Windshi
14、eld Cleaner (PN 9965864) or equivalent, (i.e., Bon Ami glass cleaner) to assure water sheeting action. 4.1.2 Properly clean blade element before every new test by wiping the element with a cloth soaked in windshield washer solution. 4.1.3 Attack angle and arm load need to be within design specificat
15、ions on test buck before start of any system level test. 4.2 Conditions. 4.2.1 Environmental Conditions. Unless otherwise specified. Ambient temperature: +23 C 3 C. Voltage: 13.5 V 0 at motor terminals. 4.2.2 Test Conditions. Deviations from the requirements of this standard shall have been agreed u
16、pon. Such requirements shall be specified on component drawings, test certificates, reports, etc. 4.2.3 Parts are to be tested in vehicle orientation unless otherwise specified. Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or
17、 networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW16621 Copyright 2011 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved December 2011 Page 3 of 11 4.3 Instructions. Refer to Appendix A to understand the test sequencing for all test samples included in this procedure.
18、 4.3.1 Test Results. 4.3.1.1 Test reports with supplier letterhead are to be generated by supplier performing test and electronically distributed to GM Validation. 4.3.2 Deviations from this Standard. Deviations from the requirements of this standard shall have been agreed upon. Such requirements sh
19、all be specified on component drawings, test certificates, reports, etc. 4.4 Test Types. 4.4.1 Ozone Resistance. 4.4.1.1 Purpose. The purpose of this test is to confirm that the rubber element of the wiper blade will be able to resist ozone attack and show no cracking and/or ripping along the pivot
20、hinge or the wiping lip. It will also confirm that if a mechanical or chemical change occurs at the wiping lip, that it will not affect the ability of the wiper blade to give a clean and smooth wipe. 4.4.1.2 Test Equipment. Per 3.2. 4.4.1.2.1 Flat glass frame fixture with pivot shaft and arm capabil
21、ity (Figure 1). 4.4.1.2.2 Magnification lens 10x. 4.4.1.3 Test Samples. Per 3.3. Note: Wiper blades being tested must be made from production process in which the rubber element has been through all of the normal manufacturing processes, including the chemical operations for friction reduction and/o
22、r the use of anti-friction coatings. 4.4.1.4 Test Preparation. Not applicable. 4.4.1.5 Test Condition. See the specific procedure. 4.4.1.6 Test Procedure. Assemble wiper blades to wiper arms mounted onto the glass frame fixture. Verify wiper arm attack angle is set to +5 and arm tip force is nominal
23、 +10% for given blade length. Slightly rotate wiper arms in counterclockwise direction so entire blade lip is laying in the same direction, simulating a park position condition. Figure 1: Glass Frame Fixture 4.4.1.6.1 Within 15 minutes after completing 4.1.1.6, place test fixture with wiper blades i
24、nside the Ozone Cabinet. Set ozone concentration to 50 pphm (+0%/-10%), temperature to 40 C 3 C, and relative humidity to 60% +5%/-0%. Soak parts in cabinet for 72 h checking the ozone cabinet every 24 h to ensure that it is operating to the required standards. Record daily the cabinet conditions fo
25、r ozone concentration, temperature and relative humidity. Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW16621 Copyright 2011 General Mo
26、tors Company All Rights Reserved December 2011 Page 4 of 11 4.4.1.6.2 Remove the test fixture after the required test time in the Ozone Cabinet has been met and allow parts to stabilize at room temperature for a minimum of 2 h. 4.4.1.6.3 Carefully inspect parts by lifting the wiper blades perpendicu
27、lar from the glass surface. Note if the rubber adheres to the glass fixture or if any residue has been left where the rubber wiping lip was in contact with the glass. 4.4.1.6.4 Using a 10x magnification lens visually inspect the rubber element for microcracking. Particular attention must be observed
28、 for failures in the hinge pivot area (especially the side under tension) and on the wiping lip. 4.4.1.6.5 After visual inspections, install blades on appropriate test buck and verify wipe quality requirements. 4.4.1.7 Test Requirement. The rubber element must not stick to the glass fixture after be
29、ing exposed to the Ozone environment. 4.4.1.7.1 The rubber element shall not leave any visible residue on glass fixture after being exposed to the Ozone environment. 4.4.1.7.2 There can be no cracks, when viewed with a 10x magnification lens, in any location on the rubber element. 4.4.1.7.3 The wipe
30、r blades must provide a smooth wiping operation with a minimum wipe quality rating of 7 per the Standard Wipe Quality Rating Scale. 4.4.2 Shelf Ageing Test. 4.4.2.1 Purpose. The purpose of this test is to confirm that the rubber element of the wiper blade will be able to be stored in a hot and humid
31、 factory warehouse environment prior to being assembled, and then sitting unused on a new vehicle and still be able to deliver a passing wipe grade rating not leaving any detrimental contamination on the windshield. 4.4.2.2 Test Equipment. Per 3.2. 4.4.2.2.1 Microscope capable of a magnification of
32、at least a 60x with picture capability. 4.4.2.3 Test Samples. Per 3.3. Note: Wiper blades being tested must be made from production process in which the rubber element has been through all of the normal manufacturing processes, including the chemical operations for friction reduction and/or the use
33、of anti-friction coatings. 4.4.2.4 Test Preparation. Not applicable. 4.4.2.5 Test Condition. See specific procedure. 4.4.2.6 Test Procedure. Place the wiper blades in the Heat Ageing Oven so that the rubber elements are not touching any other sample or the interior surfaces of the test oven. Insure
34、that the samples are spaced adequately to allow the warm humid air the ability to contact all of the exposed rubber surfaces. 4.4.2.6.1 Set the Heat Ageing Oven to 40 C 3 C, and the relative humidity to 60% +5%/-0%. Leave the wiper blades in the oven for 15 days. 4.4.2.6.2 Turn off the temperature f
35、or the oven, but do not remove the test samples. Allow wiper blade samples to normalize by leaving them in the oven for five days at ambient temperature and humidity with the oven door kept closed. 4.4.2.6.3 Set the Heat Ageing Oven to 30 C 3 C, and relative humidity to 60% +5%/-0%. Leave the test w
36、iper blades in the oven for 10 days. 4.4.2.6.4 Turn off the temperature in the oven, but do not remove the wiper blade test samples. Allow the test samples to reach ambient temperature for one day. 4.4.2.6.5 Within 24 h after removing blades from oven, inspect the test wiper blades with a microscope
37、 at 60x power magnification (4.4.1.6.4). Carefully inspect the complete rubber element wiper lip cut edge for wax buildup. Do not touch the test wiper blade rubber element in any manner including the use of tools or a cleaning solvent. 4.4.2.6.6 With the use of the microscope, photograph the wiper b
38、lade lip slit edge as shown in Figure 2. Record the magnification used and the general location where the photograph was taken. Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,
39、-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW16621 Copyright 2011 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved December 2011 Page 5 of 11 Figure 2: 60X Microscope View of Wiping Lip 4.4.2.6.7 Carefully install the wiper blades on the appropriate test buck and perform a wipe quality evaluation. Record the re
40、sults of the wipe grade study. Note any signs of residue left on the windshield. 4.4.2.7 Test Requirement. The rubber element shall not leave any visible residue on the windshield during or after wipe quality evaluation on the test buck. 4.4.2.7.1 The wiper blades must provide a smooth wiping operat
41、ion with a minimum wipe quality rating of 9 per the Standard Wipe Quality Rating Scale. 4.4.3 Heat Ageing Tension Set Test. 4.4.3.1 Purpose. The purpose of this test is to confirm that the rubber element has been properly cured and post treated, so in usage on a vehicle, excessive permanent deformat
42、ion at the lip or hinge will not cause premature failure resulting in a poor wiping action and or excessive noise causing customer dissatisfaction. 4.4.3.2 Test Equipment. Oven must meet the requirements as specified in ISO 188, Type 1, with laminar air flow. 4.4.3.3 Test Samples. Ten samples are re
43、quired for this test. Each sample must be at least 350 mm in length. Note: The rubber elements being tested must be made from the standard production process. The samples must have been through all of the normal manufacturing processes, including the chemical operations for friction reduction and/or
44、 the use of anti-friction coatings. 4.4.3.4 Test Preparation. Pre-condition the Heat Ageing Oven to the test temperature for 24 h before starting the test. Set the Oven to 70 C 1 C for Natural Rubber (NR). For Chloroprene Rubber (CR) or ethylene propylene diene Monomer (EPDM) rubber elements, set th
45、e oven to 80 C 1 C. No other rubber samples can be in the oven prior to the pre-conditioning of the oven or during the Heat Ageing test. This is to eliminate all possible chances of cross contamination from one rubber compound to another. 4.4.3.5 Test Condition. See specific procedure. 4.4.3.6 Test
46、Procedure. Mark two gage lines 100 mm ( 0.1 mm) apart on the rubber element (with a permanent marking ink), evenly spaced from the center of the sample. 4.4.3.6.1 Securely grasp one end of the rubber element in the stationary end clamping jaws of the Holding Fixture. Make sure that the clamping forc
47、e holding the rubber element is not excessive. If the force is too high, premature failure will occur. Clamp the other end of the rubber element into the jaws of the moving section of the Holding Fixture. After assembling the rubber element in the Holding Fixture, measure the distance to the gage ma
48、rk. There should be at least 80 mm from each end of the fixture. 4.4.3.6.2 Carefully stretch the rubber elements by pulling the sliding feature of the Holding Fixture until the extension has reached 50% elongation (150 mm 0.15 mm) between the gage lines. 4.4.3.6.3 Place at least 30 mm of self adhesi
49、ve gauze tape at the ends of the rubber element that is next to the Holding Fixture. This technique helps reduce the oxygen attack from occurring at the highly stressed location of the rubber element. It helps stop premature failure and or a reduction in the strain of the rubber element voiding the test. 4.4.3.6.4 Place the Holding Fixture in the center of the Heat Ageing Oven making sure that the Holding Fixture is not touchin
