1、International Civil Aviation OrganizationApproved by the Secretary Generaland published under his authorityFirst Edition 2008Doc 9871AN/464Technical Provisionsfor Mode S Servicesand Extended SquitterCopyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for Re
2、saleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-International Civil Aviation OrganizationApproved by
3、the Secretary Generaland published under his authorityFirst Edition 2008Doc 9871AN/464Technical Provisionsfor Mode S Servicesand Extended SquitterCopyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without l
4、icense from IHS-,-,-Published in separate English, French, Russian and Spanish editions by the INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION 999 University Street, Montral, Quebec, Canada H3C 5H7 For ordering information and for a complete listing of sales agents and booksellers, please go to the ICAO w
5、ebsite at www.icao.int First edition 2008 ICAO Doc 9871, Technical Provisions for Mode S Services and Extended Squitter Order Number: 9871 ISBN 978-92-9231-117-9 ICAO 2008 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or b
6、y any means, without prior permission in writing from the International Civil Aviation Organization. Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-(iii) AMENDMENTS Amendmen
7、ts are announced in the supplements to the Catalogue of ICAO Publications; the Catalogue and its supplements are available on the ICAO website at www.icao.int. The space below is provided to keep a record of such amendments. RECORD OF AMENDMENTS AND CORRIGENDA AMENDMENTS CORRIGENDA No. Date Entered
8、by No. Date Entered by Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for Resa
9、leNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-(v) FOREWORD The purpose of this manual is to specify technical provisions for the formats and associated protocols used in Mode S services and extended squitter. These detailed technical provisions supplement requirements contai
10、ned in Annex 10 Aeronautical Telecommunications, Volume III (Part I Digital Data Communication Systems), and Volume IV Surveillance Radar and Collision Avoidance Systems, and are necessary to ensure global interoperability. The manual also includes implementation guidelines as well as information on
11、 future Mode S and extended squitter services that are under development. The provision of Mode S services, specified in this document, include the following: a) data formats for transponder registers; b) formats for Mode S specific protocols: traffic information broadcast; and dataflash; c) Mode S
12、broadcast protocols, including: 1) uplink broadcast; and 2) downlink broadcast. Formats and protocols for extended squitter automatic dependent surveillance broadcast (ADS-B) messages are also included since registers are defined for each of these messages. Those registers are assigned so that the e
13、xtended squitter messages can be read out on demand by a ground interrogator, in addition to being delivered via an ADS-B message. This manual has been developed by the Aeronautical Surveillance Panel (ASP). Comments on this manual from States and other parties outside ICAO would be appreciated. Com
14、ments should be addressed to: The Secretary General International Civil Aviation Organization 999 University Street Montreal, Quebec Canada H3C 5H7 _Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted withou
15、t license from IHS-,-,-Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-(vii) TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Glossary . (ix) Acronyms . (xiii) Chapter 1. Introduction 1-1 Chapter 2. O
16、verview of Mode S Services and Extended Squitter Version 0 . 2-1 Chapter 3. Overview of Extended Squitter Version 1 3-1 Appendix A. Data/message formats and control parameters for Mode S Specific Services and Extended Squitter Version 0 A-1 Appendix B. Provisions for Extended Squitter Version 1 B-1
17、Appendix C. Implementation guidelines . C-1 Appendix D. Services under development D-1 _ Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Copyright International Civil Aviatio
18、n Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-(ix) GLOSSARY Aircraft. The term aircraft may be used to refer to Mode S emitters (e.g. aircraft/vehicles), where appropriate. Aircraft address. A unique combinati
19、on of 24 bits available for assignment to an aircraft for the purpose of air-ground communications, navigation and surveillance. Aircraft data link processor (ADLP). An aircraft-resident processor that is specific to a particular air-ground data link (e.g. Mode S) and which provides channel manageme
20、nt, and segments and/or reassembles messages for transfer. It is connected on one side to aircraft elements common to all data link systems and on the other side to the air-ground link itself. Aircraft/Vehicle. May be used to describe either a machine or device capable of atmospheric flight, or a ve
21、hicle on the airport surface movement area (i.e. runways and taxiways). Air-initiated Comm-B (AICB) protocol. A procedure initiated by a Mode S aircraft installation for delivering a Comm-B message to the ground. Automatic dependent surveillance broadcast (ADS-B) IN. A function that receives surveil
22、lance data from ADS-B OUT data sources. Automatic dependent surveillance broadcast (ADS-B) OUT. A function on an aircraft or vehicle that periodically broadcasts its state vector (position and velocity) and other information derived from on-board systems in a format suitable for ADS-B IN capable rec
23、eivers. Automatic dependent surveillance rebroadcast (ADS-R). The rebroadcast by a ground station of surveillance information received via one ADS-B link over an alternative ADS-B link providing interoperability in airspace where multiple different ADS-B data links are operating. BDS Comm-B Data Sel
24、ector. The 8-bit BDS code determines the transponder register whose contents are to be transferred in the MB field of a Comm-B reply. It is expressed in two groups of 4 bits each, BDS1 (most significant 4 bits) and BDS2 (least significant 4 bits). Broadcast. The protocol within the Mode S system tha
25、t permits uplink messages to be sent to all aircraft in the coverage area, and downlink messages to be made available to all interrogators that have the aircraft wishing to send the message under surveillance. Capability Report. Information identifying whether the transponder has a data link capabil
26、ity as reported in the capability (CA) field of an all-call reply or squitter transmission (see Data link capability report). Close-out. A command from a Mode S interrogator that terminates a Mode S link layer communications transaction. Comm-A. A 112-bit interrogation containing the 56-bit MA messa
27、ge field. This field is used by the uplink standard length message (SLM) and broadcast protocols. Comm-B. A 112-bit reply containing the 56-bit MB message field. This field is used by the downlink SLM, ground-initiated and broadcast protocols. Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Prov
28、ided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-(x) Technical Provisions for Mode S Services and Extended Squitter Comm-C. A 112-bit interrogation containing the 80-bit MC message field. This field is used by the uplink extended l
29、ength message (ELM) protocol. Comm-D. A 112-bit reply containing the 80-bit MD message field. This field is used by the downlink ELM protocol. Data link capability report. Information in a Comm-B reply identifying the complete Mode S communication capabilities of the aircraft installation. Downlink.
30、 A term referring to the transmission of data from an aircraft to the ground. Mode S air-to-ground signals are transmitted on the 1 090 MHz reply frequency channel. Frame. The basic unit of data transfer at the link level. A frame can include from one to four Comm-A or Comm-B segments, from two to s
31、ixteen Comm-C segments, or from one to sixteen Comm-D segments. General Formatter/Manager (GFM). The aircraft function responsible for formatting messages to be inserted in the transponder registers. It is also responsible for detecting and handling error conditions such as the loss of input data. G
32、round Data Link Processor (GDLP). A ground-resident processor that is specific to a particular air-ground data link (e.g. Mode S) and which provides channel management, and segments and/or reassembles messages for transfer. It is connected on one side (by means of its data circuit terminating equipm
33、ent (DCE) to ground elements common to all data link systems, and on the other side to the air-ground link itself. Ground-initiated Comm-B (GICB). The ground-initiated Comm-B protocol allows the interrogator to extract Comm-B replies containing data from one of the 255 transponder registers within t
34、he transponder in the MB field of the reply. Ground-initiated protocol. A procedure initiated by a Mode S interrogator for delivering standard length (via Comm-A) or extended length (via Comm-C) messages to a Mode S aircraft installation. Horizontal Integrity Limit (HIL). The radius of a circle in t
35、he horizontal plane (i.e. the plane tangent to the WGS-84 ellipsoid), with its center being the true position, which describes the region which is assured to contain the indicated horizontal position. Horizontal Protection Limit (HPL). The radius of a circle in the horizontal plane (i.e. the plane t
36、angent to the WGS-84 ellipsoid), with its center being the true position, which describes the region which is assured to contain the indicated horizontal position. Note. The terms HPL and HIL (Horizontal Integrity Limit) are used interchangeably in various documents. Mode S broadcast protocols. Proc
37、edures allowing standard length uplink or downlink messages to be received by more than one transponder or ground interrogator, respectively. Mode S packet. A packet conforming to the Mode S subnetwork standard, designed to minimize the bandwidth required from the air-ground link. ISO 8208 packets m
38、ay be transformed into Mode S packets and vice versa. Mode S Specific Protocol (MSP). A protocol that provides a restricted datagram service within the Mode S subnetwork. Mode S specific services. A set of communication services provided by the Mode S system which are not available from other air-gr
39、ound subnetworks and therefore not interoperable. Packet. The basic unit of data transfer among communications devices within the network layer (e.g. an ISO 8208 packet or a Mode S packet). Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo re
40、production or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Glossary (xi) Required Navigation Performance (RNP). A statement of the navigation performance accuracy necessary for operation within a defined airspace. Segment. A portion of a message that can be accommodated within a single MA/MB fi
41、eld in the case of an SLM, or a single MC/MD field in the case of an ELM. This term is also applied to the Mode S transmissions containing these fields. Standard Length Message (SLM). An exchange of digital data using selectively addressed Comm-A interrogations and/or Comm-B replies. Subnetwork. An
42、actual implementation of a data network that employs a homogeneous protocol and addressing plan and is under the control of a single authority. Timeout. The cancellation of a transaction after one of the participating entities has failed to provide a required response within a pre-defined period of
43、time. Traffic information service broadcast (TIS-B). The principle use of TIS-B is to complement the operation of ADS-B by providing ground-to-air broadcast of surveillance data on aircraft that are not equipped for 1 090 MHz ADS-B OUT as an aid to transition to a full ADS-B environment. The basis f
44、or this ground surveillance data may be an air traffic control (ATC) Mode S radar, a surface or approach multilateration system, or a multi-sensor data processing system. The TIS-B ground-to-air transmissions use the same signal formats as 1 090 MHz ADS-B and can therefore be accepted by a 1 090 MHz
45、 ADS-B receiver. Uplink. A term referring to the transmission of data from the ground to an aircraft. Mode S ground-to-air signals are transmitted on the 1 030 MHz interrogation frequency channel. _ Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for Re
46、saleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-(xiii) ACRONYMS ACAS Airborne collision avoidance system ADLP Airborne data link processor ADS-B Automatic dependent surveillance broadcast ADS-R Automatic dependent surveillance rebroadcast ANP Actual navigation performance ATN Aeronautical telecommunication network ATS Air traffic service A/V Aircraft/vehicle BDS Comm-B data selecto
