1、MODEL COURSE TANKER FAMILIARIZATION 2000 Edition MODEL COURSE 1 .O1 TANKER FAMILIARIZATION 2000 Edition INTERNAT1 ONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION London, 2000 first published in 1987 as Oil Tanker Familiarization by the INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION 4 Albert Embankment, London SEI 7SR Second editio
2、n, 1991 Revised edition, 2000 Printed in the United Kingdom by Ashford Overload Services 2 4 6 8 10 9 7 5 3 Sales number: TA1 O1 E ISBN 92-801-61 14-8 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS IMO expresses its sincere appreciation to the National Maritime Academy of Singapore for its valuable assistance and co-operation in
3、 the development of this course. Grateful acknowledgement is made for the use of material and diagrams from: Standard Ship Designs, by R. Scott; ChemicaIParcel Tankers, M. Grey (ed.); Gas Carriers, by R. Ffooks (Fairplay Publications Ltd, London) International Safety Guide for Oil Tankers and Termin
4、als, by ICs, OCIMF and IAPH; Tanker Safety Guide (Chemicals) and Tanker Safety Guide (Liquefied Gas), by ICs; Liquefied Gas Handling Principles on Ships and Terminals, by SIGTTO (Witherby “Explosion-proof valve-systems, flame arresters and equipment for safety and environmental protection” (Braunsch
5、weiger Flammenfilter Armaturen- und Apparatebau GmbH, Braunschweig); “Submerged cargo pumps” and other material (Frank Mohn AS, Norway) Copyright O IMO 2000 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means wit
6、hout prior permission in writing from the International Maritime Organization. CONTENTS Foreword Introduction Part A: Course Framework Part B: Course Outline and Timetable Part C: Detailed Teaching Syllabus Part D: Instructor Manual Appendix to Instructor Manual Attachment: Guidance on the implement
7、ation of model courses Page v 1 5 10 14 61 79 191 iii Foreword Since its inception the International Maritime Organization has recognized the importance of human resources to the development of the maritime industry and has given the highest priority to assisting developing countries in enhancing th
8、eir maritime training capabilities through the provision or improvement of maritime training facilities at national and regional levels. IMO has also responded to the needs of developing countries for postgraduate training for senior personnel in administration, ports, shipping companies and maritim
9、e training institutes by establishing the World Maritime University in Malm, Sweden, in 1983. Following the earlier adoption of the International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers, 1978, a number of IMO Member Governments had suggested that IMO should
10、develop model training courses to assist in the implementation of the Convention and in achieving a more rapid transfer of information and skills regarding new developments in maritime technology. IMO training advisers and consultants also subsequently determined from their visits to training establ
11、ishments in developing countries that the provision of model courses could help instructors improve the quality of their existing courses and enhance their effectiveness in meeting the requirements of the Convention and implementing the associated Conference and IMO Assembly resolutions. In addition
12、, it was appreciated that a comprehensive set of short model courses in various fields of maritime training would supplement the instruction provided by maritime academies and allow administrators and technical specialists already employed in maritime administrations, ports and shipping companies to
13、 improve their knowledge and skills in certain specialized fields. IMO has therefore developed the current series of model courses in response to these generally identified needs and with the generous assistance of Norway. These model courses may be used by any training institution and the Organizat
14、ion is prepared to assist developing countries in implementing any course when the requisite financing is available. W. A. ONEIL Secretary-General V Introduction Purpose of the model courses The purpose of the IMO model courses is to assist maritime training institutes and their teaching staff in or
15、ganizing and introducing new training courses, or in enhancing, updating or supplementing existing training material where the quality and effectiveness of the training courses may thereby be improved. It is not the intention of the model course programme to present instructors with a rigid “teachin
16、g package which they are expected to “follow blindly”. Nor is it the intention to substitute audio-visual or “programmed” material for the instructors presence. As in all training endeavours, the knowledge, skills and dedication of the instructors are the key components in the transfer of knowledge
17、and skills to those being trained through IMO model course material. Because educational systems and the cultural backgrounds of trainees in maritime subjects vary considerably from country to country, the model course material has been designed to identify the basic entry requirements and trainee t
18、arget group for each course in universally applicable terms, and to specify clearly the technical content and levels of knowledge and skill necessary to meet the technical intent of IMO conventions and related recommendations. This is the first major revision to this model course. In order to keep t
19、he training programme up to date in future, it is essential that users provide feedback. New information will provide better training in safety at sea and protection of the marine environment. Information, comments and suggestions should be sent to the Head of the STCW and Human Element Section at I
20、MO, London. I To use the model course, the instructor should review the course plan and detailed syllabus, taking into account the information provided under the entry standards specified in the course framework. The actual level of knowledge and skills and the prior technical education of the train
21、ees should be kept in mind during this review, and any areas within the detailed syllabus which may cause difficulties because of differences between the actual trainee entry level and that assumed by the course designer should be identified. To compensate for such differences, the instructor is exp
22、ected to delete from the course, or reduce the emphasis on, items dealing with knowledge or skills already attained by the trainees. He should also identify any academic knowledge, skills or technical training which they may not have acquired. Use of the model course By analysing the detailed syllab
23、us and the academic knowledge required to allow training in the technical area to proceed, the instructor can design an appropriate pre-entry course or, alternatively, insert the elements of academic knowledge required to support the technical training elements concerned at appropriate points within
24、 the technical course. Adjustment of the course objective, scope and content may also be necessary if in your maritime industry the trainees completing the course are to undertake duties which differ from the course objectives specified in the model course. Within the course plan the course designer
25、s have indicated their assessment of the time which should be allotted to each area of learning. However, it must be appreciated that these allocations are arbitrary and assume that the trainees have fully met all entry requirements of the course. The instructor should therefore review these assessm
26、ents and may need to re- allocate the time required to achieve each specific learning objective or training outcome. 1 TANKER FAMILIARIZATION W Lesson plans Having adjusted the course content to suit the trainee intake and any revision of the course objectives, the instructor should draw up lesson p
27、lans based on the detailed syllabus. The detailed syllabus contains specific references to the textbooks or teaching material proposed to be used in the course. Where no adjustment has been found necessary in the learning objectives of the detailed syllabus, the lesson plans may simply consist of th
28、e detailed syllabus with keywords or other reminders added to assist the instructor in making his presentation of the material. Presentation The presentation of concepts and methodologies must be repeated in various ways until the instructor is satisfied, by testing and evaluating the trainees perfo
29、rmance and achievements, that the trainee has attained each specific learning objective or training outcome. The syllabus is laid out in learning-objective format and each objective specifies what the trainee must be able to do as the learning or training outcome. Taken as a whole, these objectives
30、aim to meet the knowledge, understanding and proficiency specified in the appropriate tables of the STCW Code. w Implementation For the course to run smoothly and to be effective, considerable attention must be paid to the availability and use of: properly qualified instructors; support staff; rooms
31、 and other spaces; equipment; textbooks, technical papers; and other reference material. Thorough preparation is the key to successful implementation of the course. IMO has produced “Guidance on the implementation of model courses”, which deals with this aspect in greater detail and is included as a
32、n attachment to this course. In certain cases, the requirements for some or all of the training in a subject are covered by another IMO model course. In these cases, the specific part of the STCW Code which applies is given and the user is referred to the other model course. This tanker familiarizat
33、ion course comprises three main parts. These are the basic understanding of the characteristics of oil, chemical, and liquefied gas; personnel safety and pollution prevention; and general shipboard cargo-handling system. Guidance for course developers and instructors The first part covers the proper
34、ties and associated hazards related to the cargoes. The second part covers the means and measures to control the hazards and to prevent pollution, for the protection of personnel and the environment. The third part provides a general overview of cargo-handling equipment and operations on board tanke
35、rs. 2 INTRODUCTION These three aspects are necessarily interlinked. One approach to achieving the standard of competence is through the proper supervision of on-board training. In revising this course, all of the detailed syllabuses of the existing oil, chemical and liquefied tanker familiarization
36、model courses have been included without unnecessary duplication. This forms the bulk of the detailed teaching syllabus for the model course. It has been rearranged and amended to suit the revision. Additional material in chapters 1 to 6 of this model course is included to satisfy all requirements o
37、f STCW Code section A-VI?, paragraphs 2 to 7. No additions have been made to chapters 7 to 9, which are taken from the respective chapters of the existing model courses. This material is included to meet their corresponding requirements in STCW Code section B-V. Instructors should emphasize in their
38、 teaching the hazards involved in the operations on board tankers. They should explain, in as much detail as is necessary, the safety considerations in the systems, equipment and constructional features that exist to control those hazards. The lessons delivered during the course should be tailored t
39、o the needs of the trainees. Officers with extensive experience on board tankers and those that have received guided instruction on board may need less classroom teaching than those with simply the minimum sea experience on tankers generally. In addition, officers may require more guided instruction
40、 on board or classroom teaching than ratings. Instructors should keep in mind that some of the topics in this model course are also introduced in the model courses for the officer in charge of a watch in the function “Controlling the Operation of the Ship and Care for Persons on Board at the Operati
41、onal Level”. These topics may therefore be treated as a revision of earlier learning. Physical properties of oils and vapours covered in this tanker familiarization model course can also be found in the basic physics of the officer in charge of a watch model courses (for both navigation and marine e
42、ngineering functions); therefore the basic physics in section 2 of this model course is a revision and extension of that training. Similarly, entrants will need to complete an approved shore-based fire-fighting course (STCW regulation VI1 , paragraph I ), and hence in this model course the fire-figh
43、ting principles are dealt with only briefly. Training and the STCW 1995 Convention The standards of competence that have to be met by seafarers are defined in Part A of the STCW Code in the Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers Convention, as amended in 1995. This IMO m
44、odel course has been revised and updated to cover the competences in STCW 1995. It sets out the education and training needed to ac h eve those stand a rds . Familiarization training requirements for officers and ratings assigned specific duties and responsibilities related to cargo or cargo equipme
45、nt on tankers are detailed in section A-V/1, paragraphs 1 to 7 and in section B-V/I of the STCW Code. This model course aims to provide a familiarization training programme referred to in paragraph 1.2 of regulation VI1 . For ease of reference, the course is divided into separate sections. Part A pr
46、ovides the framework for the course, with its aims and objectives and notes on the suggested teaching facilities and equipment. A list of useful teaching aids, IMO references and textbooks is also included. 3 TANKER FAMILIARIZATION Part B provides an outline of lectures, demonstrations and exercises
47、 for the course, together with a suggested sequence and timetable. From the teaching and learning point of view, it is more important that the trainee achieves the minimum standard of competence defined in the STCW Code than that a strict timetable for each topic is followed. Depending on their expe
48、rience and ability, some students will naturally take longer to become proficient in some topics than in others. Part C gives the Detailed Teaching Syllabus. This is based on the theoretical and practical knowledge specified in the STCW Code. It is presented in a logical sequence, starting with basi
49、c knowledge and information on oil/chemical/liquefied gas cargoes and their hazards, methods of hazard control, safety, pollution prevention, emergency operations and concluding with cargo equipment and operations. Each subject area is covered by a series of required performances, in other words what the trainee is expected to be able to do as a result of the teaching and training. In this way the overall required performance of knowledge, understanding and proficiency is met. IMO references, textbook references and suggested teaching aids are included to assist the teacher in designi
