1、 Recommendation ITU-R M.1732-1(03/2012)Characteristics of systems operatingin the amateur and amateur-satelliteservices for use in sharing studiesM SeriesMobile, radiodetermination, amateurand related satellite servicesii Rec. ITU-R M.1732-1 Foreword The role of the Radiocommunication Sector is to e
2、nsure the rational, equitable, efficient and economical use of the radio-frequency spectrum by all radiocommunication services, including satellite services, and carry out studies without limit of frequency range on the basis of which Recommendations are adopted. The regulatory and policy functions
3、of the Radiocommunication Sector are performed by World and Regional Radiocommunication Conferences and Radiocommunication Assemblies supported by Study Groups. Policy on Intellectual Property Right (IPR) ITU-R policy on IPR is described in the Common Patent Policy for ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC referenced
4、 in Annex 1 of Resolution ITU-R 1. Forms to be used for the submission of patent statements and licensing declarations by patent holders are available from http:/www.itu.int/ITU-R/go/patents/en where the Guidelines for Implementation of the Common Patent Policy for ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC and the ITU-R
5、patent information database can also be found. Series of ITU-R Recommendations (Also available online at http:/www.itu.int/publ/R-REC/en) Series Title BO Satellite delivery BR Recording for production, archival and play-out; film for television BS Broadcasting service (sound) BT Broadcasting service
6、 (television) F Fixed service M Mobile, radiodetermination, amateur and related satellite services P Radiowave propagation RA Radio astronomy RS Remote sensing systems S Fixed-satellite service SA Space applications and meteorology SF Frequency sharing and coordination between fixed-satellite and fi
7、xed service systems SM Spectrum management SNG Satellite news gathering TF Time signals and frequency standards emissions V Vocabulary and related subjects Note: This ITU-R Recommendation was approved in English under the procedure detailed in Resolution ITU-R 1. Electronic Publication Geneva, 2012
8、ITU 2012 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without written permission of ITU. Rec. ITU-R M.1732-1 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R M.1732-1* Characteristics of systems operating in the amateur and amateur-satellite services for use in sharing studies
9、(Question ITU-R 48-6/5) (2005-2012) Scope This Recommendation documents the technical and operational characteristics of systems used in the amateur service and amateur-satellite services for the purposes of carrying out sharing studies. The systems and their characteristics described in this Recomm
10、endation are considered representative of those operating in the frequency bands available to these services ranging from 135.7 kHz through 81.5 GHz. The ITU Radiocommunication Assembly, considering a) that the Radio Regulations (RR) defines an amateur service and an amateur-satellite service and al
11、locates frequencies to them on an exclusive or shared basis; b) that systems in the amateur and amateur-satellite services operate over a wide range of frequencies; c) that the technical characteristics of systems operating in the amateur and amateur-satellite services may vary within a band; d) tha
12、t some ITU-R technical groups are considering the potential for the introduction of new types of systems or services in bands used by systems operating in the amateur and amateur-satellite services; e) that representative technical and operational characteristics of systems operating in the amateur
13、and amateur-satellite services are required to determine the feasibility of introducing new types of systems into frequency bands in which the amateur and amateur-satellite services operate, recommends 1 that the technical and operational characteristics of systems operating in the amateur and amate
14、ur-satellite services described in Annex 1 should be considered representative of those operating in the frequency bands allocated to the amateur and amateur-satellite services; 2 that Recommendation ITU-R M.1044 should be used as a guide in studies of the compatibility between systems operating in
15、the amateur and amateur-satellite services and systems operating in other services. * This Recommendation should be brought to the attention of Radiocommunication Study Group 1. 2 Rec. ITU-R M.1732-1 Annex 1 Characteristics of systems operating in the amateur and amateur-satellite services for use i
16、n sharing studies 1 Introduction A number of frequency bands are allocated to the amateur and amateur-satellite services throughout the spectrum. These bands have been selected to provide different propagation conditions. Amateur and amateur-satellite stations perform a variety of functions, such as
17、: training, intercommunication between amateur stations and technical investigations by duly authorized persons interested in radio technique solely with a personal aim and without pecuniary interest (RR Nos. 1.56 and 1.57); disaster relief communications as elaborated in Recommendation ITU-R M.1042
18、. 2 Operational characteristics Amateur stations and amateur-satellite earth stations generally do not have assigned frequencies but dynamically select frequencies within an allocated band using listen-before-talk techniques. Terrestrial repeaters, digital relay stations and amateur satellites use f
19、requencies selected on the basis of voluntary coordination within the amateur services. Some amateur frequency allocations are exclusive to the amateur and amateur-satellite services. Many of the allocations are shared with other radio services and amateur operators are aware of the sharing limitati
20、ons. Communications may be initiated on prearranged schedule or by one station initiating a general or specific call. One or more stations may respond. Formal and informal nets may be initiated as needed. Contacts may last from about 1 min to about 1 h, depending on traffic to be transmitted. Operat
21、ing protocols vary according to communication requirements and propagation. MF and HF bands are used for near-vertical-incidence-sky wave to global paths. VHF, UHF and SHF bands are used for short-range communications. Amateur satellites afford an opportunity to use frequencies above HF for long-dis
22、tance communications. 3 Technical characteristics Tables 1 to 6 contain technical characteristics of representative systems operating in the amateur and amateur-satellite services. This information is sufficient for general calculation to assess the compatibility between these systems and systems op
23、erating in other services. The upper frequency boundaries shown in Tables 1 to 6 represent the current state of deployment of most amateur radio systems. The characteristics are expected to be extended to higher frequencies (up to 250 GHz) over time. Rec. ITU-R M.1732-1 3 TABLE 1 Characteristics of
24、amateur systems for Morse on-off keying Parameter Value Mode of operation Continuous wave (CW) Morse 10-50 Bd Continuous wave (CW) Morse 20 Bd (Earth-moon-Earth) Slow Morse 1 Bd CW Frequency band (MHz)(1) 1.8-7.3 10.1-29.7 50-450 902-81 500 144 432 1 296 0.136 Necessary bandwidth and class of emissi
25、on (emission designator) 150HA1A 150HJ2A 150HA1A 150HJ2A 150HA1A 150HJ2A 150HA1A 150HJ2A 50H0A1A50H0J2A 50H0A1A50H0J2A 50H0A1A50H0J2A 1H00A1B 1H00J2B Transmitter power (dBW)(2) 3-31.7 3-31.7 3-31.7 3-31.7 3-31.7 3-31.7 17-31.7 23 Transmitter line loss (dB) 0.2 0.3-0.9 1-2 0-10 1-2 1-2 1-4 0.0 Transm
26、itting antenna gain (dBi) 20 to 15 10 to 21 0-26 10-42 20-26 20-26 25-40 22 Typical e.i.r.p. (dBW) 17.2 to 46.5 7.3 to 52.4 2-55 1-45 38-55 38-55 68 1 Antenna polarization Horizontal, vertical Horizontal, vertical Horizontal Horizontal, vertical Horizontal Horizontal, vertical, LHCP, RHCP Horizontal
27、, vertical, LHCP, RHCP Vertical Receiver IF bandwidth (kHz) 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 Receiver noise figure (dB)(3) 13 7-13 0.5-2 1-7 0.5 0.5 0.5 13 (1) With the exception of the band around 0.136 MHz, the amateur bands within the frequency ranges shown conform to RR Article 5. (2) Maximum pow
28、ers are determined by each administration. (3) Receiver noise figures for bands above 50 MHz assume the use of low-noise preamplifiers. LHCP: left-hand circular polarization RHCP: r ight-hand circular polarization 4 Rec. ITU-R M.1732-1 TABLE 2 Characteristics of amateur systems for narrow-band direc
29、t printing telegraphy and data Parameter Value Mode of operation(1)PSK31 31 Bd NBDP 50 Bd PACTOR 2 PACTOR 3 CLOVER 2000 MFSK16 Frequency band (MHz)(2)1.8-29.7 1.8-29.7 1.8-29.7 1.8-29.7 1.8-29.7 1.8-29.7 Necessary bandwidth and class of emission (emission designator) 60H0J2B 250HF1B 375HJ2D 2K20J2D
30、2K00J2D 2K00J2B 316HJ2D 316HJ2B Transmitter power (dBW)(3)3-31.7 3-31.7 3-31.7 3-31.7 3-31.7 3-31.7 Feeder loss (dB) 0.2-0.9 0.2-0.9 0.2-0.9 0.2-0.9 0.2-0.9 0.2-0.9 Transmitting antenna gain (dBi) 20 to 21 20 to 21 20 to 21 20 to 21 20 to 21 20 to 21 Typical e.i.r.p. (dBW) 17.2 to 52.5 17.2 to 52.5
31、17.2 to 52.5 17.2 to 52.5 17.2 to 52.5 17.2 to 52.5 Antenna polarization Horizontal, vertical Horizontal, vertical Horizontal, vertical Horizontal, vertical Horizontal, vertical Horizontal, vertical Receiver IF bandwidth (kHz) 0.5 0.5 0.5 2.7 2.4 0.5Receiver noise figure (dB)(4)7-13 7-13 7-13 7-13 7
32、-13 7-13 (1) PSK31 is a data system using phase shift keying (PSK) at 31.1 bauds. PACTOR 2 is a data system using differential PSK (DPSK) modulation with rates varying according to conditions. PACTOR 3 is a data system with a potential throughput of up to 5.2 kbit/s. CLOVER 200 is a digital data sys
33、tem capable of rates up to 5.2 kbit/s. MFSK16 is a data system using 16-tone frequency shift keying (FSK) and forward error correction (FEC). Further information about these modes of operation can be obtained from the ARRL HF Digital Handbook (4th Ed.), American Radio Relay League, ISBN: 0-87259-103
34、-4, published 2008. (2) Amateur bands within the frequency ranges shown conform to RR Article 5. (3) Maximum powers are determined by each administration. (4) Receiver noise figures for bands above 50 MHz assume the use of low-noise preamplifiers. Rec. ITU-R M.1732-1 5 TABLE 3 Characteristics of ama
35、teur analogue voice systems Parameter Value Mode of operation Single side-band (SSB) voice FM voice Frequency band (MHz)(1)1.8-7.3 10.1-29.7 50-450 902-81 500 50-450 902-81 500 Necessary bandwidth and class of emission (emission designator) 2K70J3E 2K70J3E 2K70J3E 2K70J3E 11K0F3E 16K0F3E 20K0F3E 11K
36、0F3E 16K0F3E 20K0F3E Transmitter power (dBW)(2)3-31.7 3-31.7 3-31.7 3-31.7 3-31.7 3-31.7Feeder loss (dB) 0.2 0.3-0.9 1-2 0-10 1-2 0-10 Transmitting antenna gain (dBi) 20 to 15 10 to 21 0-23 0-42 0-26 0-42 Typical e.i.r.p. (dBW) 16.8 to 46.5 7.3 to 52.4 2-53.7 1-45 2-55 1-45Antenna polarization Horiz
37、ontal, vertical Horizontal, vertical Horizontal, vertical Horizontal, vertical Horizontal, vertical Horizontal, vertical Receiver IF bandwidth (kHz) 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 9 15 9 15 Receiver noise figure (dB)(3)13 7-13 0.5-2 1-7 0.5-2 1-7(1) Amateur bands within the frequency ranges shown conform to RR Art
38、icle 5. (2) Maximum powers are determined by each administration. (3) Receiver noise figures for bands above 50 MHz assume the use of low-noise preamplifiers. 6 Rec. ITU-R M.1732-1 TABLE 4 Characteristics of amateur digital voice and multimedia systems Parameter Value Mode of operation Digital voice
39、 Digital voice and multimedia Frequency band (MHz)(1)1.8-7.3 10.1-29.7 50-450 1 240-1 300 5 650-10 500 Necessary bandwidth and class of emission (emission designator) 2K70J2E 2K70J2E 2K70J2E 5k76G1E 8K10F1E 2K70G1D 6K00F7D 16K0D1D 150KF1W 2K70G1D 6K00F7D 16K0D1D 150KF1W 10M5F7W Transmitter power (dB
40、W)(2)3-31.7 3-31.7 3-31.7 1-10 3 Feeder loss (dB) 0.2 0.3-0.9 1-2 1-3 1-6 Transmitting antenna gain (dBi) 20 to 15 10 to 21 0-26 30 36 Typical e.i.r.p. (dBW) 16.8 to 46.5 7.3 to 52.4 2-55 39 38Antenna polarization Horizontal, vertical Horizontal, vertical Horizontal Horizontal, vertical Horizontal,
41、vertical Receiver IF bandwidth (kHz) 2.7 2.7 2.7 5.76 8.1 2.7, 6, 16, 130 2.7, 6, 16, 130, 10 500 Receiver noise figure (dB)(3)13 7-13 1 2 2 (1) Amateur bands within the frequency ranges shown conform to RR Article 5. (2) Maximum powers are determined by each administration. (3) Receiver noise figur
42、es for bands above 50 MHz assume the use of low-noise preamplifiers. Rec. ITU-R M.1732-1 7 TABLE 5 Characteristics of amateur-satellite systems in the Earth-to-space direction Mode of operation CW Morse, 10-50 Bd SSB voice, digital voice, FM voice, data Frequency band (MHz)(1)28 144-5 670 10 450-24
43、050 28 144-5 670 10 450-24 050 Necessary bandwidth and class of emission (emission designator) 150HA1A 150HJ2A 150HA1A 150HJ2A 150HA1A 150HJ2A 2K70J3E 2K70J2E 16K0F3E 2K70J3E 16K0F3E 44K2F1D 88K3F1D 2K70J3E 16K0F3E 44K2F1D 88K3F1D Transmitter power (dBW)(2)0-20 0-20 0-13 0-20 0-20 0-13Feeder loss (d
44、B) 0.2-1.5 0.2-3 0.2-3 0.2-1.5 0.2-3 0.2-3 Transmitting antenna gain (dBi) 2 to 10 2 to 27 2 to 31 2 to 10 2 to 27 2 to 31 Typical e.i.r.p. (dBW) 10-29 10-45 10-42 10-29 10-45 10-42 Antenna polarization Horizontal, vertical, RHCP, LHCP Horizontal, vertical, RHCP, LHCP Horizontal, vertical, RHCP, LHC
45、P Horizontal, vertical, RHCP, LHCP Horizontal, vertical, RHCP, LHCP Horizontal, vertical, RHCP, LHCP Receiver IF bandwidth (kHz) 0.4 0.4 0.4 2.7 16 2.7, 16, 50, 100 2. 7, 16, 50, 100 Receiver noise figure (dB)(3)3-10 1-3 1-7 3-10 1-3 1-7 (1) Amateur bands within the frequency ranges shown conform to
46、 RR Article 5. (2) Maximum powers are determined by each administration. (3) Receiver noise figures for bands above 50 MHz assume the use of low-noise preamplifiers. 8 Rec. ITU-R M.1732-1 TABLE 6 Characteristics of amateur-satellite systems in the space-to-Earth direction Mode of operation CW Morse,
47、 10-50 Bd SSB voice, digital voice, FM voice, data Frequency band (MHz)(1)28 144-5 850 10 450-24 050 28 144-5 850 10 450-24 050 Necessary bandwidth and class of emission (emission designator) 150HA1A 150HJ2A 150HA1A 150HJ2A 150HA1A 150HJ2A 2K70J3E 2K70J2E 16K0F3E 2K70J3E 16K0F3E 44K2F1D 88K3F1D 2K70
48、J3E 16K0F3E 44K2F1D 88K3F1D Transmitter power (dBW)(2)10 10 10 10 10 0-10Feeder loss (dB) 0.2-1 0.2-1 0.2-1 0.2-1 0.2-1 0.2-1 Transmitting antenna gain (dBi) 0 0-6 0-6 0 0 0-6 Typical e.i.r.p. (dBW) 9 9-15 9-15 9 9-15 9-15 Antenna polarization Horizontal, vertical, RHCP, LHCP Horizontal, vertical, R
49、HCP, LHCP Horizontal, vertical, RHCP, LHCP Horizontal, vertical, RHCP, LHCP Horizontal, vertical, RHCP, LHCP Horizontal, vertical, RHCP, LHCP Receiver IF bandwidth (kHz) 0.4 0.4 0.4 2.7, 16 2.7, 16, 50, 100 2.7, 16, 50, 100 Receiver noise figure (dB)(3)3-10 1-3 1-7 3-10 1-3 1-7 (1) Amateur bands within the frequency ranges shown conform to RR Article 5. (2) While total transmitter power of 20 dB is assumed, 10 dBW is used as power is shared among signals in passband. (3) Receiver noise figures for bands above 50 MHz assume the use of low-noise preamplif
