1、 Report ITU-R SM.2153-5 (06/2015) Technical and operating parameters and spectrum use for short-range radiocommunication devices SM Series Spectrum management ii Rep. ITU-R SM.2153-5 Foreword The role of the Radiocommunication Sector is to ensure the rational, equitable, efficient and economical use
2、 of the radio-frequency spectrum by all radiocommunication services, including satellite services, and carry out studies without limit of frequency range on the basis of which Recommendations are adopted. The regulatory and policy functions of the Radiocommunication Sector are performed by World and
3、 Regional Radiocommunication Conferences and Radiocommunication Assemblies supported by Study Groups. Policy on Intellectual Property Right (IPR) ITU-R policy on IPR is described in the Common Patent Policy for ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC referenced in Annex 1 of Resolution ITU-R 1. Forms to be used for the
4、 submission of patent statements and licensing declarations by patent holders are available from http:/www.itu.int/ITU-R/go/patents/en where the Guidelines for Implementation of the Common Patent Policy for ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC and the ITU-R patent information database can also be found. Series of IT
5、U-R Reports (Also available online at http:/www.itu.int/publ/R-REP/en) Series Title BO Satellite delivery BR Recording for production, archival and play-out; film for television BS Broadcasting service (sound) BT Broadcasting service (television) F Fixed service M Mobile, radiodetermination, amateur
6、 and related satellite services P Radiowave propagation RA Radio astronomy RS Remote sensing systems S Fixed-satellite service SA Space applications and meteorology SF Frequency sharing and coordination between fixed-satellite and fixed service systems SM Spectrum management Note: This ITU-R Report
7、was approved in English by the Study Group under the procedure detailed in Resolution ITU-R 1. Electronic Publication Geneva, 2015 ITU 2015 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without written permission of ITU. Rep. ITU-R SM.2153-5 1 REPORT IT
8、U-R SM.2153-5* Technical and operating parameters and spectrum use for short-range radiocommunication devices* (2009-2010-2011-2012-2013-2015) TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1 Introduction 6 2 Definition of short-range radio devices 6 3 Applications 7 3.1 Telecommand . 7 3.2 Telemetry 7 3.3 Voice and video
9、7 3.4 Equipment for detecting avalanche victims 7 3.5 Broadband radio local area networks 7 3.6 Railway applications . 7 3.7 Road transport and traffic telematics 8 3.8 Equipment for detecting movement and equipment for alert . 8 3.9 Alarms . 8 3.10 Model control 9 3.11 Inductive applications . 9 3.
10、12 Radio microphones . 9 3.13 RF identification systems . 9 3.14 Ultra low power active medical implant . 10 3.15 Wireless audio applications 10 3.16 RF (radar) level gauges . 10 4 Technical standards/regulations . 11 * This Report replaces Recommendation ITU-R SM.1538. * Unless otherwise specified
11、by mutual agreement between given administrations, status given to SRDs in individual country does not engage any other countries. 2 Rep. ITU-R SM.2153-5 Page 5 Common frequency ranges . 11 6 Radiated power or magnetic or electric field strength 12 6.1 European Conference of Postal and Telecommunica
12、tions Administrations member countries 12 6.2 United States of America Federal Communications Commission (FCC), Brazil and Canadian general limits . 13 6.3 Japan . 13 6.4 The Republic of Korea 14 7 Antenna requirements . 14 8 Administrative requirements 15 8.1 Certification and verification 15 8.2 L
13、icensing requirements . 16 8.3 Mutual agreements between countries/regions . 17 9 Additional applications . 18 Annex 1 Additional applications. 18 1 SRDs operating in the 57-64 GHz band . 18 2 RF level gauges 19 2.1 Pulsed systems 19 2.2 FMCW systems 19 2.3 RF level gauge operating parameters and sp
14、ectrum use . 20 Annex 2 20 Appendix 1 to Annex 2 (Region 1; CEPT Countries) Technical and operating parameters and spectrum use for SRDs 20 1 Recommendation CEPT/ERC/REC 70-03 . 20 2 Frequency bands and corresponding parameters 20 3 Technical requirements . 21 3.1 ETSI standards 21 3.2 EMC and safet
15、y 22 3.3 National type approval specifications . 22 Rep. ITU-R SM.2153-5 3 Page 4 Additional spectrum use . 22 4.1 Radiated power or magnetic field strength . 22 4.2 Transmitter antenna source . 23 4.3 Channel spacing 23 4.4 Duty cycle categories 23 5 Administrative requirements 24 5.1 Licensing req
16、uirements . 24 5.2 Conformity assessment, marking requirements and free circulation 24 6 Operating parameters 24 7 The R particularly in the field of technology. Radio parameters must reflect these changes and the views set out in this Report are therefore subject to periodic review. Moreover, almos
17、t all administrations still have national regulations. For these reasons, those wishing to develop or market SRDs based on this Report are advised to contact the relevant national administration to verify that the position set out herein applies. SRDs are used virtually everywhere. For example, data
18、 collection with auto identification systems or item management in warehousing, retail and logistic systems, baby monitors, garage door openers, wireless home data telemetry and/or security systems, keyless automobile entry systems and hundreds of other types of common electronic equipment rely on s
19、uch transmitters to function. At any time of day, most people are within a few metres of consumer products that use SRDs. SRDs operate on a variety of frequencies. They must share these frequencies with other radio applications and are generally prohibited from causing harmful interference to or cla
20、iming protection from those radio applications. If an SRD does cause interference to authorized radiocommunications, even if the device complies with all of the technical standards and equipment authorization requirements in the national rules, then its operator will be required to cease operation,
21、at least until the interference problem is solved. However, some national administrations may establish radiocommunication services, using SRDs, whose importance to the public requires that these devices be protected to some degree from harmful interference, without any adverse effect on other admin
22、istrations. One example for this kind of arrangement is the ultra low power active medical implant communication device as defined below, which is governed by national regulations. This Report has two annexes. Annex 1 contains technical parameters of several types of additional applications. Annex 2
23、 provides information on national/regional rules which contain technical and operational parameters and spectrum use: those are given in the Appendices to Annex 2. 2 Definition of short-range radio devices For the purpose of this Report the term short-range radio device, is intended to cover radio t
24、ransmitters which provide either unidirectional or bidirectional communication and which have low capability of causing interference to other radio equipment. Such devices are permitted to operate on a non-interference and non-protected basis. SRDs use either integral, dedicated or external antennas
25、 and all types of modulation and channel pattern can be permitted subject to relevant standards or national regulations. Simple licensing requirements may be applied, e.g. general licences or general frequency assignments or even licence exemption, however, information about the regulatory requireme
26、nts for placing short-range radiocommunication equipment on the market and for their use should be obtained by contacting individual national administrations. Rep. ITU-R SM.2153-5 7 3 Applications Due to the many different applications provided by these devices, no description can be exhaustive, how
27、ever, the following categories are amongst those regarded SRDs: 3.1 Telecommand The use of radiocommunication for the transmission of signals to initiate, modify or terminate functions of equipment at a distance. 3.2 Telemetry The use of radiocommunication for indicating or recording data at a dista
28、nce. 3.3 Voice and video In connection with SRDs, voice covers applications like walkie-talkie, baby monitoring and similar use. Citizen band (CB) and private mobile radio (PMR 446) equipment is excluded. With video applications, non-professional cordless cameras are meant mainly to be used for cont
29、rolling or monitoring purposes. 3.4 Equipment for detecting avalanche victims Avalanche beacons are radio location systems used for searching for and/or finding avalanche victims, for the purpose of direct rescue. 3.5 Broadband radio local area networks Broadband radio local area networks (RLANs) we
30、re conceived in order to replace physical cables for the connection of data networks within a building, thus providing a more flexible and, possibly, a more economic approach to the installation, reconfiguration and use of such networks within the business and industrial environments. These systems
31、often take advantage of spread spectrum modulation or other redundant (i.e. error correction) transmission techniques, which enable them to operate satisfactorily in a noisy radio environment. In the lower frequency bands, satisfactory in-building propagation may be achieved but systems are limited
32、to low data rates (up to 1 Mbit/s) because of spectrum availability. To ensure compatibility with other radio applications in the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz band a number of restrictions and mandatory features are required. Other studies on RLANs are going on in the Radiocommunication Study Groups. WRC-03 de
33、cided to allocate the bands 5 150-5 350 MHz and 5 470-5 725 MHz to the mobile except aeronautical mobile service with a primary status for the implementation of wireless access systems including RLANs. In these bands, simple licensing requirements are applied, e.g. general licences or general freque
34、ncy assignments or licence exemption by most national administrations, similar to SRDs. 3.6 Railway applications Applications specifically intended for use on railways comprise mainly the following three categories: 8 Rep. ITU-R SM.2153-5 3.6.1 Automatic vehicle identification The automatic vehicle
35、identification (AVI) system uses data transmission between a transponder located on a vehicle and a fixed interrogator positioned on the track to provide for the automatic and unambiguous identification of a passing vehicle. The system also enables any other stored data to be read and provides for t
36、he bidirectional exchange of variable data. 3.6.2 Balise system Balise is a system designed for locally defined transmission links between train and track. Data transmission is possible in both directions. The physical data transmission path length is of the order of 1 m, i.e. it is significantly sh
37、orter than a vehicle. The interrogator is secured under the locomotive and the transponder is positioned at the centre of the track. Power is supplied to the transponder by the interrogator. 3.6.3 Loop system The loop system is designed for the transmission of data between train and track. Data tran
38、smission is possible in both directions. There are short loops and medium loops which provide for intermittent and continuous transmissions. In case of short loops the contact length is of the order of 10 m. The contact length in the case of medium loops is between 500 m and 6 000 m. No train locati
39、on functions are possible in the case of continuous transmission. The contact length is greater than in the case of intermittent transmission and generally exceeds the length of a block. A block is a section of the track in which only one train may be situated. 3.7 Road transport and traffic telemat
40、ics (Also referred to as dedicated short-range communications for transport information and control systems (TICSs).) Road transport and traffic telematics (RTTT) systems are defined as systems providing data communication between two or more road vehicles and between road vehicles and the road infr
41、astructure for various information-based travel and transport applications, including automatic toll-collection, route and parking guidance, collision avoidance and similar applications. 3.8 Equipment for detecting movement and equipment for alert Equipment for detecting movement and equipment for a
42、lert are low power radar systems for radiodetermination purposes. Radiodetermination means the determination of the position, velocity and/or other characteristics of an object, or the obtaining of information relating to these parameters, by means of the propagation properties of radio waves. 3.9 A
43、larms 3.9.1 Alarm in general The use of radiocommunication for indicating an alarm condition at a distant location. 3.9.2 Social alarms The social alarm service is an emergency assistance service intended to allow people to signal that they are in distress and allow them to receive the appropriate a
44、ssistance. The service is organized as any assistance network, generally with a team available on a 24 h basis in a station where alarm signals are received and appropriate steps are taken to provide the required assistance (calling a doctor, the fire brigade, etc.). Rep. ITU-R SM.2153-5 9 The alarm
45、 is usually sent via the telephone line, automatic dialling being ensured by fixed equipment (local unit) connected to the line. The local unit is activated from a small portable radio device (trigger) worn by the individual. Social alarm systems are typically designed to provide as high a level of
46、reliability as is practically feasible. For radio systems, the interference risk would be limited if frequencies were reserved for their exclusive use. 3.10 Model control Model control covers the application of radio model control equipment, which is solely for the purpose of controlling the movemen
47、t of the model (toy), in the air, on land or over or under the water surface. 3.11 Inductive applications Inductive loop systems are communication systems based on magnetic fields generally at low RF frequencies. The regulations for inductive systems are different in various countries. In some count
48、ries this equipment is not considered as radio equipment, and neither type approval nor limits for the magnetic field are set. In other countries inductive equipment is considered as radio equipment and there are various national or international type approval standards. Inductive applications inclu
49、de for example car immobilizers, car access systems or car detectors, animal identification, alarm systems, item management and logistic systems, cable detection, waste management, personal identification, wireless voice links, access control, proximity sensors, anti-theft systems including RF anti-theft induction systems, data transfer to handheld devices, automatic article identification, wireless control systems and automatic road tolling. 3.12 Radio microphones Radio microphones (also referred to as wireless microphones or cordless microphones) are smal
