1、 KSKSKSKSKSKSKSK KSKSKS KSKSK KSKS KSK KS KS I ISO 10523 pH KS I ISO 10523:2008 2008 8 7 http:/www.kats.go.krKS I ISO 10523:2008 : ( ) ( ) ( ) : (http:/www.standard.go.kr) ： ： 1998 4 30 ： 2008 8 7 2008-0411 ： ： ( 02-509-7266) (http:/www.kats.go.kr). 10 5 , . KS I ISO 10523:2008 pH Water quality Dete
2、rmination of pH 1994 1 ISO 10523, Water quality Determination of pH , . 1 1.1 pH 310 . 1.2 pH , . ( ) . . , , . , (5.4 2 ). , c(KNO3) = 1 mol/L . (9.2 ). 2 . . ( ) . KS M ISO 5667 3, 3： 3 . 3.1 pH (mol/L) KS I ISO 10523:2008 2 . pH 1 pH ( B ). 4 4.1 . (9.1 ) . 4.2 B B, C, D, F, I 1 . , 6 . pH 4 . B
3、( E, 9 ). 1 . 2 E 6, 10 11 . 4.3 . I ： c(KCl) = 3.5 mol/L, (KCl) = 261 g/L II ： c(KCl) = 3.0 mol/L, (KCl) = 224 g/L III ： c(KCl) = 1.0 mol/L, (KCl) = 74.6 g/L 1 L . , c(AgNO3) 1 mol/L . 5 5.1 , 500 mL . . 5.2 0.5 5.3 pH 1012 , , (mV/pH) pH . H pH 0.01 . 5.4 KS I ISO 10523:2008 3 pH 6.57.5 ( )( E 12
4、13 ). Rm 109 . ( ). 1 . , / . cKCl = 1.0 mol/L . 2 0.1 mL 2 mL . (9.1 ). 2 cm . 3 (7.3.1 ) 4 ( E 8 ) 6 , , pH . 6 pH (KS M ISO 5667 3). , , . . . . 24 , . 7 7.1 ( E, 14 ). pH . . . 7.2 ( E, 14 ) pH . . , pH . . D (4.2 ) ( ). D pH 0 0 pH 0.5 (5. ). . C F (4.2 ). pH . ( A.1 ). KS I ISO 10523:2008 4 .
5、pH B, C, F, I . 7.3 (5 mS/m ) pH . 7.3.1 . . (sleeveground joint) c(KCl) = 1 mol/L . . . (Faraday cage) . 7.3.2 C . 8 pH pH 25 . pH . , 1 pH . tmtm25pHpHpH += pH25 ： 25 pH pHtm ： pH pHtm ： 25 pH ( 1 ) . 1 pHtm , KS I ISO 10523:2008 5 9 9.1 . , 2 1, 2 . B.1 1 . pH(S) . CO2 2 . B.1 pH1/2 pH pHi ( ) .
6、pHj =pH pH1/2 pH1/2： pH pHs . , pHs . pHs= pHs pH(S) pHj pH(S)： 1 pH pHn . 1 . 1 pHj 0.03 0.05 pHs 0.005 0.02 pHn 0.005 0.02 9.2 pH ( ) . ( ) . (70 %), . . . , . . . . . , . 10 pH . KS I ISO 10523:2008 6 . 10.2 pH 8.45 2 16.4 pH 7.62 11 2 10 pH = 0.01 . pH = 0.05 . (C) pH = 0.05 . pH = 0.2 . C/C =10
7、pH 1 . pH = 0.05 1.12 12 % . 12 . a) b) , , , , c) 10. d) e) KS I ISO 10523:2008 7 A ( ) pH pH . )log/)(S()S(pHpH10RTFUU += pHS ： pH US ： U ： F ： (Coulombs/mole(F = 9.684104C/mol) R ： (J/mol Kelvin)R = 8.314 J/(mol k) T ： (K) RTF10log/ ： ( A.1 ). U , . . . . . A.1 mV mV 0 10 20 25 30 40 50 54.20 56.
8、18 58.17 59.16 60.15 62.13 64.12 53 54.5 55 56.5 57 58.5 58 59.5 59 60.5 61 62.5 63 64.5 KS I ISO 10523:2008 8 B ( ) 1 pH B.1 1 pH(S) ( E 6 ) B C D F I ab 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 3.557 3.552 3.549 3.547 3.547 3.549 4.000 3.998 3.997 3.998 4.001 4.005 4.011 4.018 4.027 4.038 4.050 6.984 6.951
9、6.923 6.900 6.881 6.865 6.835 6.844 6.838 6.834 6.833 9.464 9.395 9.332 9.276 9.225 9.180 9.139 9.102 9.068 9.038 9.011 10.317 10.245 10.179 10.118 10.062 10.012 9.966 9.926 9.889 9.856 9.828 c(mol/L) pH1/20.027 0.049 0.016 0.052 0.029 0.080 0.020 0.01 0.029 0.079 a , 25 ( E, 15 ). b “ pH ” ( E 11 )
10、. 1 (4.1) B, C, D, F I . B： b (KHC4H4O3) = 0.214 mol/kg 30 g 1 L (251) 20 . . C： bC6H4(COOH)(COOK)=0.05 mol/kg 120 2 10.21 g 25 1 L . D： b(Na2HPO4) = 0.025 mol/kg b(KH2PO4) = 0.025 mol/kg 120 2 . 4.45 g (2 )(Na2HPO4 2H2O) ( 3.55 g) 3.40 g 25 1 L . 120 . F： b(Na2B4O710H2O) = 0.01 mol/kg KS I ISO 1052
11、3:2008 9 3.81 g (1 L) 25 . I： , b(Na2CO3) = 0.025 mol/kg b(NaHCO3) = 0.025 mol/kg 250 90 2.640 g 2 2.092 g (1 L) . KS I ISO 10523:2008 10 C ( ) c(H2SO4) = 0.05 mmol/L 0 30 pH 4.005 . c(NaHCO3) = 0.05 mmol/L, p(CO2) = 316 mbar 10 20 30 40 50 pH 6.93 6.99 7.06 7.14 7.20 CO2 . KS I ISO 10523:2008 11 D
12、( ) D.1 ( E 16 ) 5 L mg/L mmol/L 1 2 H2SO4 50.0 2.500 7.500 CaCl2 2H2O 920 6.26 0.30 1.00 NaNO32 456 28.9 1.00 2.00 NH4Cl 1 497 28.0 1.500 0 KNO3650 6.43 1.00 2.00 MgSO4 7H2O 1 026 4.16 1.00 2.00 (NH4)2SO49 170 64.4 0 2.00 HNO3 100.0 0.050 5.000 HCl 50.0 0 2.500 NaF 588 14.0 1.00 2.00 pH(25 ) 4.300.
13、02 3.590.02 , S/cm 262 1302 KS I ISO 10523:2008 12 E ( ) 1 BATES. R. G Determination of pH.J.Wiley & Sons, New York(1973) 2 GALSTER. H. PH-Measurement, VCH-Verlag, Weinheim(1991) 3 DIN 38404 Part 5： 1984, German standard methods for examination of water, waste water and sludge, physical and physical
14、-chemical parameters(group C),determination of pH-value(C5) 4 DIN 19260： 1971, pH-measurement, definition of general terms 5 DIN 19261： 1971, pH-meaqsurement, terms and definition for methods of measurement using galvanic cells 6 DIN 19266： 1979, pH-mesurement, standard buffer solutions. 7 IEC 60746
15、 1： 1982, Expression of performance of electrochemical analyzers Part 1： General 8 IEC 60746 2： 1982, Expression of performance of electrochemical analyzers Part 2： pH value 9 DAVISON, W., COVINGTON, A. K and WHALLEY,P. D. Conventional residual liquid junction potentials in dilute solution, Anal. Ch
16、im. Acta 223(1989), pp 441447 10 COVINGTON A. K., WHALLEY, P. D. and DAVISON, W. Recommendations for the determination of pH in low ionic strength fresh water (IUPAC) Pure Appl. Chem 57(1985), pp 877886 11 COVINGTON A. K., BATES, R. G. and DURST, R.A. Definition of pH scales standard reference value
17、s, measurement of pH and related terminology, Pure & Appl, Chem. Vol. 57(1985), pp 531542 12 DIN 19263： 1989, Glass electrodes for pH-measurement 13 DIN 19262： 1985, pH-mesurement, reference electrodes 14 DIN 38404 Part 4： 1976, German standard methods for analysing water, waster water and sludge, p
18、hysical and physical-chemical parameters(Group C), determincation of temperature(C4) 15 BAUCKE, F. G. K. Low Temperature Limit of NBS(DIN) pH Standard Buffer Solution Potassium Tetroxalate, Elactrochim. Acta 24(1979), pp 9597 16 VDI-Richtlinie 3870 Blatt 10 Entwurf Mai 1988： Messen von Regeninhaltss
19、toffen, Messen des pH-Werts in Regenwasser. VDI-Kommission Reinhaltung der Luft, Dsseldorf pH 135513 7017 (02)60094114 (02)600948878 http:/ Korean Agency for Technology and Standards http:/www.kats.go.kr KS I ISO 10523:2008 KSKSKS SKSKS KSKS SKS KS SKS KSKS SKSKS KSKSKS Water qualityDetermination of pH ICS 13.060.40
