1、2015 年华南理工大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案与解析英译汉1 Its been a nail-biting couple of weeks waiting for my results.2 Dear me, those girls were even as nervous as brick.3 These constant changes in the weather beat me.4 He gave up the sword for the plough.5 I could have laughed to read her thoughts.6 It is essential that
2、 the mechanic or technician understand well the characteristics of battery circuits and the proper methods for connecting batteries or cells.7 They were understandably reluctant to join the battle.8 The curtain has parted; the mystery is being dispelled.9 They love to read and be read to.10 You will
3、 be updated on the final tour dates and details of the itinerary in October.11 A book may be compared to your neighbor; if it is good, it cannot last too long; if bad, you cannot get rid of it too early.12 Greenland was not a continent, as people thought.13 Power banks are restricted in your carry-o
4、n luggage.14 We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal.汉译英15 港人治港，高度自治。16 行李寄存处17 法治国家18 第二语言习得概论19 请均速行驶。20 这几天心里颇不平静。21 提到童年，总使人有些向往。22 穷困的生活使我懂事早。23 喜讯传来，人们顿时欢呼起来。24 只有充分发展商品经济，才能把经济真正搞活，使各企业增加效率。25 天河师范高等专科学校26 幸福是什么模样，或许并不难回答。27 近几年来，父亲和我都是东奔西走，家中光景是一日不如一日。28 事实胜于雄
5、辩，水落自然石出。29 双方一致认为建立长期的友好关系符合两国人民的愿望。30 今天我以母校为荣，明天母校以我为荣。英译汉31 For it is not the large house that live in the memory of the visitor. He goes through them as a matter of duty, and forgets about them as a matter of course. The pictures that linger in his mind, called up in a moment by such sensations
6、 as the smell of roses or of new-mown hay, are of a simpler nature. A little cottage nestling amidst the wayside trees, the blue smoke curling up against the green, and a power of roses round the door; or perhaps a village street of which the name has been long forgotten, with its rambling old inn,
7、and, a little distance away, the hoary, grey church-tower in its township of tombstones these are the pictures of old England that are carried away to other climes. And it is the cottage, more homely than the inn, more sacred than the church, that we remember best.Such places have no history at all,
8、 their life has not been set in the public eye, and they have always been so wrapped up in their own affairs, that they have never noticed how time is passing, and so they have brought down into the life of today the traditions of two or three hundred years ago.But though they do not pose, those qui
9、et places, yet it is through them that the deep, main current of English life has flowed. For it is a shallow theory that views history as the annals of a court, or the record of the lives of a few famous men. Doubtless such have their significance, but it is easy to overrate their importance, and t
10、hey afford but little clue to the life of the people, which is the real history of the country. And until recent days, it was not through the cities that this main stream flowed, but through innumerable little country towns and villages.Washington Irving grasped this fact nearly a hundred years ago
11、when he wrote: The stranger who would form a correct opinion of English character must go forth into the country. He must sojourn in villages and hamlets; he must visit castles, villas, farmhouses, cottages; he must wander through parks and gardens, along hedges and green lanes; he must loiter about
12、 country churches, attend wakes and fairs and other rural festivals, and cope with the people in all their conditions and all their habits and humors.And these little villages and hamlets are planted all over England, sometimes close together, sometimes more widely spread, but seldom more than a mil
13、e or two apart. Written history may have nothing to say regarding them, but they have helped to make history. They have gathered few legends beyond those which time has written on the walls in weather stains and grey lichen, but the men who were born in those humble cottages have wrought in other la
14、nds legends that live today. Their cosy homes were bit newly built when the desperate tides of the civil war surged round them. Half a century later they formed part of the army which “swore terribly in Flanders,“ and in fifty years more they were laying the foundations our great Indian empire. Then
15、 the arid fields of Spain saw them as they followed the Iron Duke through the dogged years of the Peninsular War, and they took part in his crowning triumph at Waterloo. Later still, India knew them once more, and the snowy trenches of the Crimea, and but yesterday Afghanistan, Egypt, and South Afri
16、ca called them forth again.And all the while that those truant birds upheld the name of England abroad, leaving their bones in many lands, their brothers and sisters carried forward the old traditions at home, living their busy, unobtrusive, useful lives, and lying down to rest at last in the old fa
17、miliar churchyard. And after all, this last is the real life of England, for the sake of which those wars were waged and bloody battles fought. It is the productive life which brings wealth and prosperity and happiness to a nation, and lays the foundation of all that is its honor and its pride.There
18、 is nothing obtrusive about the old cottages. They do not dominate the landscape, but are content to be part of it, and to pass unnoticed unless one looks specially for their homely beauties. The modern house, on the other hand, makes a bid for your notice. It is built on high ground, commands a wid
19、e range of country, and is seen from far and wide. But the old cottage prefers to nestle snugly in shady valleys. The trees grow closely about it in an intimate, familiar way, and at a little distance only the wreath of curling smoke tells of its presence.Indeed the old cottage has always been somet
20、hing so very close and so familiar to us, that its charms have been almost entirely overlooked, and it is only of recent years, when fast falling into decay, that it has formed a theme for pen and pencil. Truth to tell, of late years a change has come over England. The life that the old cottage typi
21、fies is now a thing of the past, and is daily fading more and more into the distance. Twentieth-century England, the England of the railway, the telegraph, and the motorcar, is not the England of these old cottages. Our point of view has changed. We no longer see the old homely life from within, but
22、 from the outside. But the commonplace of yesterday becomes the poetry of today, such glamour does the magician. Time cast over things, and the life becomes ever more and more attractive as it slips away from us, and we watch it disappear with regretful and kindly eyes.汉译英32 许多经常接触中国的外国人都对中国人勤勉的品格有着
23、深刻的体会。许多西方人都承认在勤奋刻苦方面不敌中国人。一些外国人到中国后发现，中国人加班十分普遍，留给自己的时间则少之又少。中国人为什么会这样勤劳呢?中国传统的社会是以农为主的社会，小农经济比重最大。由于土地有限，人们获得财富主要靠日出而作、日落而息的辛勤劳动。在这种经济模式下，勤奋是必然的，否则会饿肚子。中国古代社会还有一部分人是靠商业获得财富。虽然社会离不开商业，但是，重农轻商的传统思想下商人的社会地位不高，一夜暴富的大商人往往被人看不起。总的来说，中国传统社会不管是占人口大多数的农民，还是占少数的商人，大都必须一点点地积累财富。可以说，中国人的勤劳是长久以来独特的自然环境和社会环境造成的
24、。2015 年华南理工大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案与解析英译汉1 【正确答案】 等结果的这几个星期，我坐卧不安。2 【正确答案】 我的天哪，那些姑娘们居然一点儿也不紧张。3 【正确答案】 我适应不了变化无常的天气。4 【正确答案】 他解甲归田了。5 【正确答案】 看出了她的心思，我差点笑出声来。6 【正确答案】 重要的是，技术人员要深入了解电池电路的特性和连接电池的正确方法。7 【正确答案】 他们不愿意参战，这是可以理解的。8 【正确答案】 帷幕已经拉开，谜团正逐渐被解开。9 【正确答案】 他们喜欢自己读书，也喜欢别人念给他们听。10 【正确答案】 十月份，我们会通知您行程的日期及相关细节的最
25、终信息。11 【正确答案】 书可以比作邻居，如果好，相处愈久愈好；如果不好，分手愈早愈好。12 【正确答案】 格陵兰并不像人们所想象的那样是一个大陆。13 【正确答案】 充电宝只能在手提行李中携带。14 【正确答案】 我们认为下述真理是不言而喻的：人人生而平等。汉译英15 【正确答案】 Hong Kong people governing Hong Kong with a high degree of autonomy16 【正确答案】 checkroom17 【正确答案】 a country under the rule of law18 【正确答案】 Understanding Secon
26、d Language Acquisition19 【正确答案】 Drive at moderate speed，please20 【正确答案】 It has been rather disquieting these days21 【正确答案】 People are generally inclined to cherish the memory of their childhood22 【正确答案】 Poverty makes me mature at a young age23 【正确答案】 People broke into cheers at once when they heard
27、the good news24 【正确答案】 The development of a commodity economy is the only way to invigorate our economy and prompt enterprises to raise their efficiency25 【正确答案】 Tianhe Normal College26 【正确答案】 Perhaps it is not so difficult to define happiness after all27 【正确答案】 In recent years，both father and I hav
28、e been living an unsettled life，and the circumstances of our family have gone from bad to worse28 【正确答案】 Facts speak louder than eloquence and the truth will prevail in the end29 【正确答案】 The two side agreed that establishing a longterm friendly relation meets the demands and expectations from two nat
29、ions30 【正确答案】 Today，I am proud of my alma mater，and my alma mater will be proud of me，tomorrow英译汉31 【正确答案】 古老的农舍丝毫不引人注目，它们并不独占风光，能点缀周围的风景也十分满足；人们只有欣赏质朴无华的美时才会注意到它们，对此，它们也无怨言。而现代房屋则是千方百计想赢得人们的青睐；它建在高处，可将广阔的乡野尽收眼底，且远远地就可望见。但古老的农舍宁肯掩映在绿茵茵的山谷中，被树木亲密地环抱着，走近了才能看见，否则，便只有从缕缕烟圈才能判断它的所在了。古老的农舍一直使我们感到太亲近，太熟悉以至
30、对它的魅力熟视无睹。只是到近年来它们迅速崩塌之时，才成为作家和画家作品的主题。事实上，近年来英国在改变，古老农舍代表的生活已成历史，离我们一天比一天远。二十世纪的英国，火车、电报及汽车的英国已不再是古老农舍的英国了。我们的观点也在变，我们不再从内部而是从外部来看旧时的家庭生活。昔时平凡的事物成为今日诗歌的主题。时间这位魔术师给历史赋予这样的魅力：在它悄悄逝去时，反倒更加迷人。我们只能不无遗憾地、友好地目送着它从视野中消逝。【试题解析】 本文节选白海伦.阿林厄姆(Helen Allingham)和斯图尔特.迪克(Stewart Dick)合著的英国的农舍一书的第一章“农舍概述”。海伦.阿林厄姆是
31、一名女画家，酷爱英国农舍，对她而言，农舍见证了英国的历史。她的农舍画为她赢得了不朽的名声。斯图尔特.迪克为画家兼作家，有着丰富的历史知识和深邃的洞察力。两人携手完成了这部画面优美，文字清新的著作。第一章“农舍概述”对农舍进行了总体上的阐述。文章语言优美，翻译时需要注意传达原文的神韵。汉译英32 【正确答案】 A lot of foreigners who have frequently contact with the Chinese are deeply impressed by their diligence. It is acknowledged by quite a number of
32、 westerners that they themselves are less assiduous than their Chinese counterparts. Those who have come to China find it common for the Chinese to work extra hours with little time left for their personal life. How come that the Chinese are so diligent? It is because the traditional Chinese society
33、 was dominated by agriculture, small-scale peasant economy being the major form. As the arable land was limited, working from dawn to dusk became the primary way for most people to acquire wealth. It was diligence that kept a person from starving under this economic pattern. Although there were some
34、 people who acquired much fortune by engaging in business, and commerce was actually essential for the development of a society, businessmen still suffered discrimination due to the traditional thought of “valuing agriculture while despising commerce“. Businessmen who made great fortune overnight te
35、nded to be looked down upon. In general, both peasants who accounted for the majority of population in traditional Chinese society, and businessmen who were the minority, had to accumulate wealth bit by bit. It can be concluded that the diligence of Chinese people has been the product of both its unique natural and social environment.【试题解析】 本题介绍了外国人对中国人勤勉性格的印象，并阐释了中国人产生这种性格的自然和社会原因。文章长句不多，多为短句且使用了一些体现逻辑关系的连接词，降低了翻译的难度。
