1、2015 年山东大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷及答案与解析一、Vocabulary1 Well be very careful and keep what youve told us strictly_.（A）private（B） rigorous（C） mysterious（D）confidential2 Before every board meeting, it is customary for the _of the previous meeting to be read out.（A）minutes（B） precis（C） notes（D）protocol3 He was barred
2、from the club for refusing to_with the rules.（A）conform（B） abide（C） adhere（D）comply4 Although the heavy rain stopped, it was at least an hour later that the flood began to_.（A）retire（B） recede（C） recline（D）retreat5 That ancient car of his is a_joke among his friends.（A）steady（B） standing（C） settled（
3、D）stable6 They threw petrol onto the bonfire and the sudden_lit up the whole garden.（A）glow（B） twinkle（C） spark（D）flare7 The human voice often sounds_on the telephone.（A）twisted（B） irregular（C） distorted（D）deformed8 I always feel he has a_against me, although I dont know what wrong Ive done him.（A）g
4、rudge（B） grumble（C） grunt（D）groan9 Its harmful to ones health to_smoking and drinking.（A）take on（B） take to（C） take in（D）take down10 Teachers like students to be_and listen to what they are saying.（A）absorbed（B） attentive（C） prudent（D）watchful11 Those naughty boys were punished because they were cau
5、ght _flowers in the garden.（A）steal（B） to steal（C） stealing（D）to have stolen12 Miss Smith returned home quite late that night only_someone had broken into her garage and stolen her car.（A）finding（B） to find（C） having found（D）to have found13 He_live in the countryside than in the city.（A）would rather
6、（B） had better（C） may as well（D）prefers14 _as it was at such a time, his work attracted much attention.（A）Being published（B） Published（C） Publishing（D）To be published15 A newspaper_will sometimes be distributed free with newspaper.（A）complement（B） supplement（C） compliment（D）implement16 She_her perso
7、nal trouble to her mother.（A）conferred（B） confided（C） confessed（D）confined17 The novel is so popular that there is no one in our class_likes to read it.（A）who（B） that（C） as（D）but18 The sailors on a ship are a_.（A）crew（B） team（C） staff（D）gang19 It is not correct to say a pack of_.（A）cards（B） lies（C）
8、hounds（D）cows20 A car broken down in the middle of the road is_.（A）an obstacle（B） an obstruction（C） a hindrance（D）a difficulty二、Reading Comprehension20 The importance and focus of the interview in the work of the print and broadcast journalist is reflected in several books that have been written on
9、the topic. Most of these books, as well as several chapters, mainly in, but not limited to, journalism and broadcasting handbooks and reporting texts, stress the “how to“ aspects of journalistic interviewing rather than the conceptual aspects of the interview, its context, and implications. Much of
10、the “how to“ material is based on personal experiences and general impressions. As we know, in journalism as in other fields, much can be learned from the systematic study of professional practice, such study brings together evidence from which broad generalized principles can be developed.There is,
11、 as has been suggested, a growing body of research literature in journalism and broadcasting , but very little significant attention has been devoted to the study of the interview itself. On the other hand, many general texts as well as numerous research articles on interviewing in fields other than
12、 journalism have been written. Many of these books and articles present the theoretical and empirical aspects of the interview as well as the training of the interviewers. Unhappily, this plentiful general literature about interviewing pays little attention to the journalistic interview. The fact th
13、at the general literature on interviewing does not deal with the journalistic interview seems to be surprising for two reasons. First, it seems likely that most people in modern Western societies are more familiar, at least in a positive manner, with journalistic interviewing than with any other for
14、m of interviewing. Most of us are probably somewhat familiar with the clinical interview, such as that conducted by physicians and psychologists. In these situations the professional person or interviewer is interested in getting information necessary for the diagnosis and treatment of the person se
15、eking help. Another familiar situation is the job interview. However, very few of us have actually been interviewed personally by the mass media, particularly by television. And yet, we have a vivid acquaintance with the journalistic interview by virtue of our roles as readers, listeners, and viewer
16、s. Even so, true understanding of the journalistic interview, especially television interviews, requires thoughtful analyses and even study, as this book indicates.21 The main idea of the first paragraph is that_.（A）generalized principles for journalistic interviews are the chief concern for writers
17、 on journalism（B） importance should be attached to the systematic study of journalistic interviewing（C） concepts and contextual implications are of secondary importance to journalistic interviewing（D）personal experiences and general impressions should be excluded from journalistic interviews22 Much
18、research has been done on interviews in general_.（A）so the training of journalistic interviewers has likewise been strengthened（B） though the study of the interviewing techniques hasnt received much attention（C） but journalistic interviewing as a specific field has unfortunately been neglected（D）and
19、 there has also been a dramatic growth in the study of journalistic interviewing23 Westerners are familiar with the journalistic interview, _.（A）but most of them wish to stay away from it（B） and many of them hope to be interviewed some day（C） and many of them would like to acquire a true understandi
20、ng of it（D）but most of them may not have been interviewed in person24 Who is the interviewee in a clinical interview?（A）The patient.（B） The physician.（C） The journalist.（D）The psychologist.25 The passage is most likely a part of_.（A）a news article（B） a journalistic interview（C） a research report（D）a
21、 preface25 Engineering students are supposed to be examples of practicality and rationality, but when it comes to my college education I am an idealist and a fool. In high school I wanted to be an electrical engineer and, of course, any sensible student with my aims would have chosen a college with
22、a large engineering department, famous reputation and lots of good labs and research equipment. But thats not what I did.I chose to study engineering at a small liberal-arts university that doesnt even offer a major in electrical engineering. Obviously, this was not a practical choice; I came here f
23、or more noble reasons. I wanted a broad education that would provide me with flexibility and a value system to guide me in my career. I wanted to open my eyes and expand my vision by interacting with people who werent studying science or engineering. My parents, teachers and other adults praised me
24、for such a sensible choice. They told me I was wise and mature beyond my 18 years, and I believed them.I headed off to college sure I was going to have an advantage over those students who went to big engineering “factories“ where they didnt care if you had values or were flexible. I was going to be
25、 a complete engineer: technical genius and sensitive humanist all in one.Now Im not so sure. Somewhere along the way my noble ideals crashed into reality, as all noble ideals eventually do. After three years of struggling to balance math, physics and engineering courses with liberal arts courses, I
26、have learned there are reasons why few engineering students try to reconcile engineering with liberal-arts courses in college.The reality that has blocked my path to become the typical successful student is that engineering and the liberal arts simply dont mix as easily as I assumed in high school.
27、Individually they shape a person in very different ways; together they threaten to confuse. The struggle to reconcile the two fields of study is difficult.26 The author chose to study engineering at a small liberal-arts university because he_.（A）intended to be a sensible student with noble ideals（B）
28、 wanted to be an example of practicality and rationality（C） intended to be a combination of engineer and humanist（D）wanted to coordinate engineering with liberal-arts courses in college27 According to the author, by interacting with people who study liberal arts, engineering students can_.（A）broaden
29、 their horizons（B） become noble idealists（C） receive guidance in their careers（D）balance engineering and the liberal arts28 In the eyes of the author, a successful engineering student is expected_.（A）to be imaginative with a value system to guide him（B） to be a technical genius with a wide vision（C）
30、 to have an excellent academic record（D）to be wise and mature29 The authors experience shows that he was_.（A）creative（B） irrational（C） ambitious（D）unrealistic30 The underlined word “they“ in “.together they threaten to confuse.“(Para. 5)refers to_.（A）practicality and rationality（B） engineering and t
31、he liberal arts（C） reality and noble ideals（D）flexibility and a value system30 Half a century ago a radio astronomer called Frank Drake thought of a way to calculate the likelihood of establishing contact with aliens. He suggested the following figures should be multiplied; how many stars are formed
32、 in the galaxy in a year; what fraction of these have planets and thus form solar systems; the average number of planets per solar system that have the potential to support life; on what percentage of those where it is possible do such biospheres actually form; what percentage of such biospheres giv
33、e rise to intelligent species; what percentage of intelligent life is able to transmit signals into space; and for how long could such intelligence keeps sending signals.This calculation became celebrated as the Drake equationperhaps the best attempt so far to tame a wild guess. Most of the terms re
34、main hard to tie down, although there is a consensus that about ten stars are formed per year in the galaxy. Also, recent searches for extrasolar planets have concluded that planets are not rare.At the AAAS, Dr Drake reflected on his search for alien signals. One reason this is hard is that radio te
35、lescopes must chop the spectrum into fine portions to study it, like tuning into a signal on a car radio. Another is the trade off between a telescopes field of view and its magnification. Small telescopes see a lot of sky but can detect only strong signals. Large ones, which can detect weak signals
36、, have a narrow focus. Astronomers therefore have difficulty looking both carefully and comprehensively.Dr Drake said there may be another difficulty. Researchers tend to look for signals similar to those now made by humanity. The Earth, though, is getting quieter because the rise of spread-spectrum
37、 communication makes stray emissions less likely than in the past.Spread-spectrum works by smearing a message across a wide range of frequencies. That has the advantages of combating noise and allowing many signals to be sent at once. But it also makes those signals hard for eavesdroppers to hear(wh
38、ich is why spread-spectrum is beloved by military men). If technologically sophisticated aliens came to the same conclusions, and thus used spread-spectrum technology, humans would have a hard time hearing them. Dr Drake suggests, therefore, that there might be only a narrow window of time in the de
39、velopment of civilizations, analogous to the past 50 years on Earth, during which noisy electromagnetic signals are generated in large amounts.It is, however, also possible that someone is actively trying to send signals to the Earth. If that were the case, the best way to do this, reckons Paul Horo
40、witz, a physicist at Harvard, is with a laser.Although radio power has changed little over the decades, the power of lasers has grown exponentially. Todays most powerful versions can shine ten thousand times brighter than the sun, though only for a billionth of a second. If aliens have made similar
41、progress, and point a laser towards the Earths solar system, such brief flashes would be detectable at a distance of many light-years . Dr Horowitz has already set up one suitable detector and this, because no huge magnification is involved, is capable of looking at broad swathes of sky.There is als
42、o potential for improvement on the radio side. For many years, the Arecibo telescope in Puerto Rico, which is 300 metres across, has led the search for alien life. Now the Chinese are building a 500-metre telescope, known as FAST, in Guizhou province, and an international collaboration called the Sq
43、uare Kilometer Array is trying, as its name suggests, to build a grid of radio-telescopes over a square kilometer of land in either South Africa or Australia. Both may be helpful. As indeed may a large new telescope in northern California built by Paul Allen, a co-founder of Microsoft.Many of the te
44、rms in the Drake equation are likely to remain elusive, so it is still impossible to predict how likely such efforts are to succeed. But even after 50 fruitless years if the eagerness in the eyes of Dr Drake and his colleagues is any guide it still is fun looking.31 What is Drake equation?32 What di
45、fficulties are there in scientists search for alien lives through radio waves?32 In most of the earliest books for children, illustrations were an afterthought. But in the Calde-cott “toy books“(named after the British illustrator Randolph Caldecott), which first appeared in 1878, they were almost a
46、s important as the lines of text, and occupied far more space in the book. One can almost read the story from the dramatic action in the pictures.Since then, thousands of successful picture books have been published in the United States and around the world. In the best, the words and illustrations
47、seem to complement each other perfectly. Often a single person is responsible for both writing and illustrating the book. One of the greatest, and certainly one of the most successful, illustrator-authors was Dr. Seuss, whose real name was Theodore Ceisel. His first childrens book, And to Think That
48、 I saw It on Mulberry Street, hit the market in 1937, and the world of childrens literature was changed forever. Seusss playful drawing were a perfect complement to his engaging stories and unforgettable characters. In 1957, Seusss The Cat in the Hat became the first book in Random Houses best-selli
49、ng series, Beginner Books, written by Seuss and several other authors. These combine outrageous illustrations of people, creatures, and plants, and playful stories written in very simple language.(The Cat in the Hat, for example, uses only 250 words, which is an estimate of the number of words that a six-year-old can read.)Dr. Seuss is not the only well-known author-illustrator, of course. There is Max Sendak, who w
