1、MBA（英语）翻译练习试卷 21 及答案与解析一、Section IV TranslationDirections: In this section there is a passage in English. Translate the passage into Chinese and write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2.0 The types of daydreams, whether they are pleasant and hopeful or filled with despair take shape in childhood whe
2、n everyone develops one of three basic daydreaming styles: positive, negative and scattered, American Health reports. Although everyone lapses occasionally into each of these types, positive daydreamers are more likely to imagine happy, playful or entertaining scenarios. (2)Negative daydreamers tend
3、 to dwell on lifes darker side imagining dangerous and/or life threatening situations, such as the appearance of a fatal or weakening disease or becoming a victim of violence. Scattered daydreamers are easily bored and distracted. “Their mental images tend to be fleeting, repetitive and shallow, lik
4、e variations on the same fairy tales,“ explains Yale psychologist Ron Tower. (3)While all three types are common, positive imaginations are likeliest to serve as springboards (跳板) for problem solving, while negative and scattered daydreams may leave a person feeling anxious. Negative daydreamers are
5、 waiting for the other shoe “to fall.“ Their imaginations are often guilt-ridden or obsessive. There are times when drifting away can cause problems, according to Bolin. “If daydreaming gets in the way of daily function because the person is doing it all day, the person wont be very productive,“ she
6、 says. “The amount of time and the frequency that a person daydreams is whats important. It should not take up all of your time. (4)If people find their daydreaming is becoming excessive (过多的) , they should take a realistic look at whats going on in their life and ask themselves what the are trying
7、to avoid. Then they can assess what steps they need to take to correct the situation.“(Anyone who has a hard time discriminating between reality and imagination or starts replacing real life family and friends with imagined people should seek professional help.) (5)Professor Singer sums up the advan
8、tages of daydreams to the average person: “by sitting quietly and letting your daydreams emerge instead of squelching (抑制) them, you may find there are parts of yourself you havent been listening to. Instead of fearing them, youll gain access to tremendous range of interesting, creative ideas.“5 Gen
9、ius is something that is difficult to measure quantitatively since it is a unique quality, although most of us can recognize genius when we see it or hear it. (1)By contrast intelligence is possibly easier to quantify and like genius is a polygenic character that can be moulded by the environment. I
10、ntelligence is a qualitative trait, which does have a genetic component, but we should not assume that it has a single dimension of expression. (2)There are several limitations in measuring intelligence by a linear scale ranging from dull to bright, since individuals differ greatly in their genotype
11、s. Any number of gene combination may predispose an individual to musical genius, or to painting, or to designing computer programs, etc. The possession of any one of these abilities may or may not be associated with another. Moreover, the same genotype may be expressed in markedly different ways in
12、 markedly different environments. (3)For example, intelligence quotient test scores vary considerably with illness and disease, educational, social and economic levelseven the skin color of the examiner conducting the IQ test may have a significant effect! There is also difficulty in deciding what i
13、ntelligence should be applied to. Is it the ability to learn? Is it related to the enquiring mind or to motivation? Consequently comparisons between an IQ test given to a University .student and to an Aborigine in Australia will give meaningless results, since the test is most unlikely to measure th
14、e same behavior. (4)Not only are the genotypes and the environments of these two individuals totally different, but their motivations for achievement in particular activities will be different. Indeed, as some articles which deal with the problems mentioned above show, people who believe they can es
15、timate genetic and environmental contributions to differences in intelligence between races are statistically naive. (5)If some races or social groups in the human population can be shown to be inferior in intelligence, it opens up the possibility that some segregationists or politicians could bring
16、 in legislation or policies to suppress or even eliminate such races or groups in the population. History certainly shows that this suggestion is quite likely when ruthless individuals are in positions of power. Can you see why the false scientific conclusions could become dangerous socially and pol
17、itically? Notes: polymeric: having many genes mould: to shape or form linear: of lines genotypes: types of geneMBA（英语）翻译练习试卷 21 答案与解析一、Section IV TranslationDirections: In this section there is a passage in English. Translate the passage into Chinese and write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2.【知识模
18、块】 英译汉1 【正确答案】 美国健康杂志报道说：人们的白日梦类型在童年时代就已经形成，不管这些白日梦是令人愉悦且充满希望的，还是充满绝望的，在童年时代每个人就形成了三种基本白日梦类型中的一种，即：积极型的、消极型的或零散型的。【知识模块】 英译汉2 【正确答案】 消极型的白日梦者总是想象着生活中比较阴暗的方面，想象着危险的和(或者)生命受到威胁的情景，诸如出现一种致命的或使人衰弱的疾病，或是自己成了暴力的受害者。【知识模块】 英译汉3 【正确答案】 这三种白日梦类型都很常见，积极型的幻想最有可能会作为解决问题的跳板，而消极型和零散型的白日梦可能会使人感到焦虑不安。【知识模块】 英译汉4 【正
19、确答案】 如果人们发现自己的白日梦过多了，那他们就要现实地看待他们生活中正在发生的事情，并问问自己他们是在力图逃避什么。【知识模块】 英译汉5 【正确答案】 辛格教授总结了白日梦对普通人的益处：“静静地坐在那里，让你的白日梦浮现出来，而不是抑制它们，你就可以发现你尚未注意到的关于你自身内心活动的那些部分。”【知识模块】 英译汉【知识模块】 英译汉6 【正确答案】 相比之下，智力可能比较容易量化，而且正如天赋一样，智力也是可被环境塑造而形成的一种多基因品质。【知识模块】 英译汉7 【正确答案】 由于每个人的基因类型迥然不同，因此，用从愚蠢到聪明的直线性尺度来衡量人的智力是有一定的局限性的。【知识模块】 英译汉8 【正确答案】 例如，智商测试的成绩会受到疾病、教育水平、社会地位和经济水平等因素的影响而产生相当大的变化，甚至连实施智商测试者的肤色都可能对测评结果有重大影响。【知识模块】 英译汉9 【正确答案】 这两个人不仅基因类型和成长的环境大相径庭，而且他们在特殊活动中所具有的成就动机也各不相同。【知识模块】 英译汉10 【正确答案】 如果人类中的某些种族或社会群体在智力上表现出劣势，这就为一些种族隔离主义者和政客提供了一种制定法律或政策来镇压或是甚至消灭这些人种或群体的可能性。【知识模块】 英译汉
