1、管理类专业学位联考英语（阅读理解）历年真题试卷汇编 2（无答案）一、Reading Comprehension0 I was addressing a small gathering in a suburban Virginia living rooma womens group that had invited men to join them. Throughout the evening one man had been particularly talkative, frequently offering ideas and anecdotes, while his wife sat
2、silently beside him on the couch. Toward the end of the evening I commented that women frequently complain that their husbands dont talk to them. This man quickly nodded in agreement. He gestured toward his wife and said “Shes the talker in our family.“ The room burst into laughter. The man looked p
3、uzzled and hurt. “Its true,“ he explained. “When I come home from work I have nothing to say. If she didnt keep the conversation going, wed spend the whole evening in silence.“This episode crystallizes the irony that although American men tend to talk more than women in public situations, they often
4、 talk less at home. And this pattern is wreaking havoc with marriage.The pattern was observed by political scientist Andrew Hacker in the late 1970s. Sociologist Catherine Kohler Riessman reports in her new book Divorce Talk that most of the women she interviewed but only a few of the men gave lack
5、of communication as the reason for their divorces. Given the current divorce rate of nearly 50 percent, that amounts to millions of cases in the United States every yeara virtual epidemic of failed conversation.In my own research, complaints from women about their husbands most often focused not on
6、tangible inequities such as having given up the chance for a career to accompany a husband, or doing far more than their share of daily life-support work like cleaning, cooking and social arrangements. Instead, they focused on communication: “He doesnt listen to me.“, “He doesnt talk to me.“ I found
7、, as Hacker observed years before, that most wives want their husbands to be, first and foremost, conversational partners, but few husbands share this expectation of their wives.In short, the image that best represents the current crisis is the stereotypical cartoon scene of a man sitting at the bre
8、akfast table with a newspaper held up in front of his face, while a woman glares at the back of it, wanting to talk.1 What is most wives main expectation of their husbands?（A）Talking to them.（B） Trusting them.（C） Supporting their careers.（D）Sharing housework.2 Judging from the context, the phrase “w
9、reaking havoc“(Para.2)most probably means_.（A）generating motivation.（B） exerting influence（C） causing damage（D）creating pressure3 All of the following are true EXCEPT_.（A）men tend to talk more in public than women（B） nearly 50 percent of recent divorces are caused by failed conversation（C） women att
10、ach much importance to communication between couples（D）a female tends to be more talkative at home than her spouse4 Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of this text?（A）The moral decaying deserves more research by sociologists.（B） Marriage break-up stems from sex inequalities.（C）
11、Husband and wife have different expectations from their marriage.（D）Conversational patterns between man and wife are different.5 In the following part immediately after this text, the author will most probably focus on_.（A）a vivid account of the new book Divorce Talk（B） a detailed description of the
12、 stereotypical cartoon（C） other possible reasons for a high divorce rate in the U.S.（D）a brief introduction to the political scientist Andrew Hacker5 Over the past decade, many companies had perfected the art of creating automatic behaviors habits among consumers. These habits have helped companies
13、earn billions of dollars when customers eat snacks or wipe counters almost without thinking, often in response to a carefully designed set of daily cues.“There are fundamental public health problems, like hand washing with soap, that remain killers only because we cant figure out how to change peopl
14、es habits,“ said Dr. Curtis, the director of the Hygiene Center at London School of Hygiene that jurors should be selected randomly from a representative cross section of the community; that no citizen should be denied the right to serve on a jury on account of race, religion, sex, or national origi
15、n; that defendants are entitled to trial by their peers; and that verdicts should represent the conscience of the community and not just the letter of the law. The jury is also said to be the best surviving example of direct rather than representative democracy. In a direct democracy, citizens take
16、turns governing themselves, rather than electing representatives to govern for them.But as recently as in 1986, jury selection procedures conflicted with these democratic ideals. In some states, for example, jury duty was limited to persons of supposedly superior intelligence, education, and moral c
17、haracter. Although the Supreme Court of the United States had prohibited intentional racial discrimination in jury selection as early as the 1880 case of Strauder v. West Virginia, the practice of selecting so-called elite or blue-ribbon juries provided a convenient way around this and other antidis
18、crimination laws.The system also failed to regularly include women on juries until the mid-20th century. Although women first served on state juries in Utah in 1898, it was not until the 1940s that a majority of states made women eligible for jury duty. Even then several states automatically exempte
19、d women from jury duty unless they personally asked to have their names included on the jury list. This practice was justified by the claim that women were needed at home, and it kept juries unrepresentative of women through the 1960s.In 1968, the Congress of the United States passed the Jury Select
20、ion and Service Act, ushering in a new era of democratic reforms for the jury. This law abolished special educational requirements for federal jurors and required them to be selected at random from a cross section of the entire community. In the landmark 1975 decision Taylor v. Louisiana, the Suprem
21、e Court extended the requirement that juries be representative of all parts of the community to the state level. The Taylor decision also declared sex discrimination in jury selection to be unconstitutional and ordered states to use the same procedures for selecting male and female jurors.11 From th
22、e principles of the U.S. jury system, we learn that_.（A）both literate and illiterate people can serve on juries（B） defendants are immune from trial by their peers（C） no age limit should be imposed for jury service（D）judgment should consider the opinion of the public12 The practice of selecting so-ca
23、lled elite jurors prior to 1968 showed_.（A）the inadequacy of antidiscrimination laws（B） the prevalent discrimination against certain races（C） the conflicting ideals injury selection procedures（D）the arrogance common among the Supreme Court judges13 Even in the 1960s, women were seldom on the jury li
24、st in some states because_.（A）they were automatically banned by state laws（B） they fell far short of the required qualifications（C） they were supposed to perform domestic duties（D）they tended to evade public engagement14 After the Jury Selection and Service Act was passed,_.（A）sex discrimination inj
25、ury selection was unconstitutional and had to be abolished（B） educational requirements became less rigid in the selection of federal jurors（C） jurors at the state level ought to be representative of the entire community（D）states ought to conform to the federal court in reforming the jury system15 In
26、 discussing the U.S. jury system, the text centers on_.（A）its nature and problems（B） its characteristics and tradition（C） its problems and their solutions（D）its tradition and development15 Henric Ibsen, author of the play “A Dolls House“, in which a pretty, helpless housewife abandons her husband an
27、d children to seek a more serious life, would surely have approved. From January 1st, 2008, all public companies in Norway are obliged to ensure that at least 40% of their board directors are women. Most firms have obeyed the law, which was passed in 2003. But about 75 out of the 480 companies it af
28、fects are still too male for the governments liking. They will shortly receive a letter informing them that they have until the end of February to act, or face the legal consequenceswhich could include being dissolved.Before the law was proposed, about 7% of board members in Norway were female, acco
29、rding to the Centre for Corporate Diversity. The number has since jumped to 36%. That is far higher than the average of 9% for big companies across Europe or Americas 15% for the Fortune 500. Norways stock exchange and its main business lobby oppose the law, as do many businessmen. “I am against quo
30、tas for women or men as a matter of principle,“ says Sverre Munck, head of international operations at a media firm. “Board members of public companies should be chosen solely on the basis of merit and experience,“ he says. Several firms have even given up their status in order to escape the new law
31、.Companies have had to recruit about 1,000 women in four years. Many complain that it has been difficult to find experienced candidates. Because of this, some of the best women have collected as many as 25-35 directorships each, and are known in Norwegian business circles as the “golden skirts“. One
32、 reason for the scarcity is that there are fairly few women in management in Norwegian companies. They occupy around 15% of senior positions. It has been particularly hard for firms in the oil, technology and financial industries to find women with enough experience.Some people worry that their rela
33、tive lack of experience may keep women quiet on boards, and that in turn could mean that boards might become less able to hold managers to account. Recent history in Norway, however, suggests that the right women can make strong directors. “Women feel more compelled than men to do their homework,“ s
34、ays Ms Reksten Skaugen, who was voted Norways chairman of the year for 2007, “and we can afford to ask the hard question, because women are not always expected to know the answers.“16 The author mentions Ibsens play in the first paragraph in order to_.（A）depict womens dilemma at work（B） explain the
35、newly passed law（C） support Norwegian government（D）introduce the topic under discussion17 A public company that fails to obey the new law could be forced to_.（A）pay a heavy fine（B） close to a private business（C） change to a private business（D）sign a document promising to act18 To which of the follow
36、ing is Sverre Munck most likely to agree?（A）A set ratio of women in a board is unreasonable.（B） A reasonable quota for women at work needs to be set.（C） A common principle should be followed by all companies.（D）An inexperienced businessman is not subject to the new law.19 The author attributes the p
37、henomenon of “golden skirts“ to_.（A）the small number of qualified females in management（B） the over-recruitment of female managers in public companies（C） the advantage women enjoy when competing for senior positions（D）the discrimination toward women in Norwegians business circles 20 The main idea of
38、 the passage might be_.（A）female power and liberation in Norway（B） the significance of Henric Ibsens play（C） womens status in Norwegian firms（D）the constitution of board members in Norway20 While theres never a good age to get cancer, people in their 20s and 30s can feel particularly isolated. The a
39、verage age of a cancer patient at diagnosis is 67. Children with cancer often are treated at pediatric cancer centers, but young adults have a tough time finding peer, often sitting side-by-side during treatments with people who could be their grandparents.In her new book Crazy Sexy Cancer Tips, wri
40、ter Kris Carr looks at cancer from the perspective of a young adult who confronts death just as shes discovering life. Ms. Carr was 31 when she was diagnosed with a rate form of cancer that had generated tumors on her liver and lungs.Ms. Carr reacted with the normal feelings of shock and sadness. Sh
41、e called her parents and stocked up on organic food, determined to become a “full-time healing addict“. Then she picked up the phone and called everyone in her address book, asking if they knew other young women with cancer. The result was her personal “cancer posse“: a rock concert tour manager, a
42、model, a fashion magazine editor, a cartoonist and a MTV celebrity, to name a few. This club of “cancer babes“ offered support, advice, and fashion tips, among other things.Ms. Carr put her cancer experience in a recent Learning Channel documentary, and she has written a practical guide about how sh
43、e coped. Cancer isnt funny, but Ms. Carr often is. She swears, she makes up names for the people who treat her(Dr. Fabulous and Dr. Guru), and she calls them.She leaves the medical advice to doctors, instead offering insightful and practical tips that reflect the world view of a young adult. “I refu
44、sed to let cancer ruin my party,“ she writes. “There are just too many cooling things to do and plan and live for.“ Ms. Carr still has cancer, but it has stopped progressing. Her cancer tips include using time-saving mass e-mails to keep friends informed, sewing or buying fashionable hospital gowns
45、so youre not stuck with regulation blue or gray and playing Gloria Gaynors “I Will Survive“ so loud your neighbors call the police. Ms Can-also advises an eyebrow wax and a new outfit before you tell the important people in your life about your illness. “People you tell are going to cautiously and n
46、ot so cautiously try to see the cancer, so dazzle them instead with your miracle, “ she writes.While her advice may sound superficial, it gets to her heart of what every cancer patient wants the chance to live life just as she always did, and maybe better.21 Which of the following groups is more vul
47、nerable to cancer?（A）Children.（B） People in their 20s and 30s.（C） Young adults.（D）Elderly people.22 All of the following statements are sure EXCEPT_（A）Kris Carr is female writer.（B） Kris Carr is more than 31-year-old.（C） Kris Carr works in a cancer center.（D）Kris Carr is very optimistic.23 The phras
48、e “cancer posse“(Para 3)probably refer to_（A）a cancer research organization.（B） a group of people who suffer from cancer.（C） people who have recovered from cancer.（D）people who cope with cancer.24 Kris Carr makes up names for the people who treat her because_（A）she is depressed and likes swearing.（B
49、） she is funny and likes playing jokes on doctors.（C） she wants to leave the medical advice to doctors.（D）she tries to leave a good impression on doctors.25 From Kris Carrs cancer tips we may infer that_（A）she learned to use e-mails after she got cancer.（B） she wears fashionable dress even after suffering from cancer.（C） hospital gowns for cancer patients are usually not in bright colors.（D）the neighbors are very friendly with cancer patients.
