1、翻译硕士英语模拟试卷 19 及答案与解析一、Vocabulary1 She had a strong_to give a talk about her experiences, because she didn t like the limelight.（A）disinclination（B） dissolution（C） dissidence（D）dissension2 The eye tends to see distance as_. In painting, this is sometimes called “ the vanishing point“.（A）conforming（B）
2、 comforting（C） contriving（D）converging3 The man went to prison, but the two boys with a warning.（A）took off（B） got off（C） kept off（D）set off4 Although her initial success was_by the fact that she was the daughter of a famous actor, the critics later acclaimed her as a star in her own right.（A）enhanc
3、ed（B） impeded（C） refuted（D）superseded5 Perhaps we should think in terms of raising interest rates_them, in consideration of the new reports about inflation reported last June.（A）then reducing（B） and reduce（C） although reduce（D）rather than reducing6 The symphony s second movementslow, mournful, and _
4、is based on a funeral march.（A）frivolous（B） effervescent（C） vicissitude（D）ephemeral7 Few of us take the pains to study our cherished convictions; indeed, we almost have a natural _doing so.（A）aptitude for（B） repugnance to（C） ignorance of（D）reaction to8 If you wait for the_moment to act, you may have
5、 never begun your project.（A）definitive（B） optimum（C） implacable（D）righteous9 My reading in later life has supplied me with some possible explanations of his_.（A）temperature（B） temperament（C） temptation（D）temperance10 _ghost exists in the world. That s your illusion.（A）No such a thing as（B） No such
6、a thing as a（C） No such thing as a（D）No such thing as11 I didn t like myself_in that way.（A）to be praised（B） praised（C） be praised（D）to have been praised12 _an answer, they decided to send an express telegram to them.（A）Received not（B） Having received not（C） Not having received（D）Not received13 Duri
7、ng a war, many of the normal basic rights of the individual are_in the national interest.（A）disregarded（B） infringed（C） suspended（D）stamped14 The_of social security benefits often feel that they are contributing more than they in fact receive in terms of medical care, pensions, etc（A）receipts（B） rec
8、eivers（C） recipients（D）payees15 Many diseases that used to be considered_of mankind are now easily treatable with antibiotics.（A）scourges（B） blights（C） tortures（D）thorns16 Some historians believe that John Jay could have played_in America s history as James Madison.（A）as an important role（B） as impo
9、rtant a role（C） an important role as（D）a role as important17 Cynics believe that people who_compliments do so in order to be praised twice.（A）bask in（B） give out（C） gloat over（D）shrug off18 Technically, negotiation occurs between people who are interdependent, _that the actions of one party affect t
10、hose of the other party and vice versa.（A）as means（B） to mean（C） that means（D）meaning19 The Chairman was evidently_by Jim s words and glared at him for a few seconds.（A）put down（B） put across（C） put away（D）put out20 The local authorities realized the need to make_for elderly people in their housing
11、programs.（A）provision（B） preparation（C） requirement（D）specification21 He was so_in the TV program that he forgot to turn the oven off.（A）tarnished（B） revamped（C） engrossed（D）bequeathed22 Penny s_speech given at the state competition won her the first prize.（A）promptitude（B） impromptu（C） prorate（D）na
12、tant23 Overall, it is going to become much easier for people to communicate _the Net Communicating with others in real time will soon be the norm.（A）by（B） in（C） over（D）onto24 I had never seen so many people with so many disabilities. I returned home, silendy_, thinking how fortunate we really were.
13、.（A）retrospective（B） introspective（C） perspective（D）prospective25 The Japanese dollar-buying makes traders eager to_dollars in fear of another government intervention.（A）let in（B） let out（C） let go of（D）let off26 The Supreme Court s decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important _for how me
14、dicine seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering. .（A）implications（B） complications（C） innovations（D）complexities27 As a rule, what s efficient in one place will be efficient in most other places, thus American businesses are fierce competitors _ they choose to sell their product, having
15、 been formed in a competitive environment that breeds optimality.（A）whatever（B） whenever（C） wherever（D）however28 Allowing our cities to be_by cars has progressively affected children s independent mobility, for children have lost much of their freedom to explore their own neighborhood or city.（A）per
16、vaded（B） diffused（C） dominated（D）intervened29 When the young man realized that the police had spotted him, he made_the exit as quickly as possible, only to find that two policemen were waiting outside.（A）off（B） from（C） towards（D）for30 Generous public funding of basic science would_considerable benef
17、its for the country s health, wealth and security.（A）result from（B） settle down（C） lie in（D）lead to二、Reading Comprehension30 Men cannot manufacture blood as efficiently as women can. This makes surgery riskier for men. Men also need more oxygen because they do not breathe as often as women. But men
18、breathe more deeply and this exposes them to another risk. When the air is polluted, they draw more of it into their lungs.A more recent and chilling finding is the effect of automobile and truck exhaust fumes on children s intelligence. These exhaust fumes are the greatest source of lead pollution
19、in cities. Researchers have found thatthe children with the highest concentration of lead in their bodies have the lower scores on intelligence tests and that boys score lower than girls. It is possible that these low scores are connected to the deeper breathing that is typical of the male.Men s bon
20、es are larger than women s and they are arranged somewhat differently. The feminine walk that evokes so many whistles is a matter of bone structure. Men have broader shoulders and a narrower pelvis, which enables them to stride out with no waste motion. A woman s wider pelvis, designed for childbear
21、ing, forces her to put more movement into each step she takes with the result that she displays a bit of a jiggle “and sway as she walks.If you think a man is brave because he climbs a ladder to clean out the roof gutters, don t forget that it is easier for him than for a woman. The angle at which a
22、 woman s thigh is joined to her knees makes climbing awkward for her, no matter whether it is a ladder or stairs or a mountain that she is tackling.A man s skin is thicker than a woman s and not nearly as soft. The thickness prevents the sun s radiation from getting through, which is why men wrinkle
23、 less than women do.Women also stay cooler in summer. The fat layer helps insulate them against heat. Men s fat is distributed differently. And they do not have that layer of it underneath their skin. In fact, they have considerably less fat than women and more lean mass. Forty-one percent of a man
24、s body is muscle compared to thirty-five percent for women, which means men have more muscle power. When it comes to strength, almost 90 percent of a man s weight is strength compared to about 50 percent of woman s weight.The higher proportion of muscle to fat makes it easier for men to lose weight.
25、 Muscle burns up five more calories a pound that fat does just to maintain itself. So when a man goes on a diet, the pounds roll off much faster.For all men s muscularity they do not have the energy reserves women do. They have more start-up energy, but the fat tucked away in women s nooks and crann
26、ies provides a rich energy reserve that men lack.Cardiologists at the University of Alabama who tested healthy women in treadmills discovered that over years the female capacity for exercise far exceeds the male capacity. A woman of sixty who is in good health can exercise up to 90 percent of what s
27、he could do when she was twenty. A man of sixty has 60 percent left of his capacity as a twenty-year-old.31 The main topic of this passage is about_.（A）the biological differences between men and women（B） the differences in social roles between men and women（C） the differences in living habits betwee
28、n men add women（D）the challenges men and women face from the point of view of biology32 Men need more oxygen, _ .（A）and that makes them have more muscle power（B） because they do not manufacture blood as efficiently as women（C） and there is a risk to draw more polluted air into their lungs（D）so their
29、 skin is thicker33 Men are superior to women in the situation of_.（A）resisting cold（B） standing hunger（C） remaining energetic in old age（D）climbing high34 From the passage, we can infer that_.（A）boys are less intelligent than girls because they breathe in more lead（B） it takes women a shorter time t
30、o get hungry（C） men have more muscles than fat（D）men sweat more than women in summer35 It can be concluded from the passage that_.（A）women can stay active longer than men（B） men like to take risks for biological causes（C） women are more careful than men（D）men have more strength than women35 It is no
31、t compatible with the egalitarian ideal that there should be sharp differences in the scale of monetary reward for services performed. In New Zealand, care of the underdog has long since been a more important consideration than is the case in very many other countries. Successive governments may cla
32、im with some justice to have abolished poverty, but this has not been done without there taking place a narrowing of margins between the rewards for skilled and unskilled labor, with its consequent denialof incentive toacquire skill, to strive for self-improvement. The country s citi-zens have come
33、to regard social security as their inalienable right, but by taking too readily for granted the State s obligation towards themselves they are apt to lose sight of the converse proposition that they themselves have obligations to the State.The reluctance to reward skilled labor at rates calculated t
34、o provide an incentive for acquiring skill has its counterpart in the reluctance to remunerate the nations best scholars and scientists o“n a scale sufficient to keep a fair proportion of them at home.The fact is often deplored that so many young men of the highest ability prefer to take up a career
35、 overseas, but it is doubtful whether higher salaries would stem their exodus in more than a minor degree. Under any circumstances, regardless of monetary reward, the intellectual litewould be tempted to go abroad in search of a wider field of endeavor than can be found in so small acountry as New Z
36、ealand.In a society where great wealth is regarded as antisocial, it is natural that ostentation should be looked at askance. Marks of distinction are liable to be a handicap. For instance, the politician who accepts a title does not usually improve his chances of gaining or retaining office by doin
37、g so. Richard Seddon, it will be remembered, consistently and doubtless wisely, refused to accept a knighthood. Wealth carries with it a minimum of prestige; it is a positive disadvantage to the aspirant to a political career. Strongly marked individuality or eccentricity are seldom in evidence amon
38、g New Zealanders, and even where they do exist, the qualities are tolerated rather than appreciated. The rule of conformity prevails, and if the American writer, Sydney Greenbie, is to be believed, it has already produced a considerable measure of standardization among the inhabitants of the Dominio
39、n. “In face and feature, in mind and taste. “ writes Greenbie, “the modern New Zealanders are so much alike that it is hard to remember the names of persons you meet casually for lack of distinguishing characteristics to which the eye can cling.Under conditions such as those described above, it is n
40、ot surprising that no privileged class should have come into existence through long possession of landed estate or other permanent source of income. Nevertheless, the claim that New Zealanders have developed a classless society can scarcely be substantiated. Snobbery, when discouraged in one quarter
41、, is prone to appear in some new form elsewhere. Recent investigations by A. A. Gongalton and R. J. Havighurst show that there is a fairly well defined and universal appreciation of the graduated social status attaching to various social occupations. Results of a survey in which a cross section of t
42、he public was asked to answer a series of apposite questions showed, for example, that doctors, lawyers, and big businessmen were graded above heads of Government Departments, clergymen, and university professors; that office workers rated higher than shop assistants, miners than wharf laborers, and
43、 so on. Incidentally, the investigation also brought to light the fact that may attempt to inquire into the existence of social distinctions within the community invariably roused resentment.A privileged class being also a leisured class, its rejection is in keeping with a deep-seated belief that wo
44、rk has a virtue in its own right, without regard to its usefulness. In pioneer days, when hands were few and subsistence hard to win, it was indeed a crime to remain idle, and the habit of seeing idleness as a vice has endured. At the beginning of the great slump, when Forbes the Prime Minister, sho
45、cked at what he had seen of the “dole“ during a visit to England, declared that solong as he retained office there would be no payment without work, his words appealed to a moral precept deeply inculcated not only in the minds of reactionaries but of many radicals as well.36 One result of New Zealan
46、d s effort to abolish poverty is_.（A）sharp differences between the rich and the poor（B） the egalitarian ideal becomes incompatible（C） care of the underdog becomes more important（D）skill learning and self-improvement are not desired37 Some high ability people prefer a career overseas because of_.（A）f
47、ierce competition at home（B） higher social status overseas（C） more opportunities abroad（D）monetary reward at home38 Which of the following best describes the New Zealand society?（A）ostentation（B） eccentricity（C） individuality（D）conformity39 New Zealand is not a classless society in that_.（A）snobbery
48、 is discouraged everywhere in New Zealand（B） people with more wealth seem to enjoy a high social status（C） the difference between the rich and the poor is great（D）New Zealanders don t have a permanent source of income40 If people believe that work has a virtue in its own right, they will do all the
49、following EXCEPT（A）see idleness as a vice（B） try their best not to be idle（C） not accept a privileged class（D）inquire into social distinctions40 The premise with which the multiculturalists begin is unexceptional: that it is important to recognize and to celebrate the wide range of cultures that exist in the United States. In what sounds like a reflection of traditiona
