1、翻译硕士英语模拟试卷 16 及答案与解析一、Vocabulary1 Those people who are_are most welcome to the politicians.（A）credulous（B） credible（C） incredible（D）unbelievable2 The old lady has developed a_cough which cannot be cured completely in as hort time.（A）perpetual（B） permanent（C） chronic（D）sustained3 Much as_, I couldn t
2、 lend him the money because I simply didn t have that much spare cash.（A）I would have liked to（B） I would like to have（C） should have to like（D）I should have liked to4 Although architecture has artistic qualities, it must also satisfy a number of important practical.（A）considerations（B） obligations（
3、C） observations（D）regulations5 The fact that the golden eagle usually builds its nest on some high cliffs _it almost impossible to obtain the eggs or the young birds.（A）renders（B） reckons（C） regards（D）relates6 I won t see you off at the airport tomorrow, so I will wish you_.（A）have a good journey no
4、w（B） a good journey now（C） would have a good journey now（D）to have a good journey now7 Are we going to see an end to the Arab-Israeli_?（A）disaster（B） controversy（C） confrontation（D）aggression8 The hidden room is_only through a secret back entrance.（A）obtainable（B） achievable（C） attainable（D）accessib
5、le9 Those who support violence on television claim that it helps the viewer to_steam and to get rid of his feelings in a harmless way.（A）let off（B） lash out（C） leave off（D）leak out10 We are on the_of a new era in European relations.（A）threshold（B） advent（C） commencement（D）departure11 Nowadays, our g
6、overnment advocates credit to whatever we do or whoever we contact with. Once you_your words, you will lose your social status and personal reputation.（A）keep up with（B） give away with（C） go back on（D）lose sight of12 Nicholas Chauvin, a French soldier, aired his veneration of Napoleon Bonaparte so_a
7、nd unceasingly that he became the laughingstock of all people in Europe.（A）vociferously（B） patriotically（C） verbosely（D）loquaciously13 The_company has an excellent reputation-which is understandable, since it s been in business for twenty years and has thousands of satisfied customers.（A）upstart（B）
8、senile（C） flourishing（D）fledgling14 One model is a high-fashion show wore a hat so_that it had to be supported with four poles carried by four attendants.（A）levy（B） volume（C） valorous（D）voluminous15 There has been a great deal of_surrounding the closure of the hospital.（A）discrepancy（B） combat（C） di
9、sparity（D）controversy16 The stout fellow over there is_the great magician, Charlie Williams, himself.（A）no other but（B） no one than（C） no other than（D）none other than17 As it turned out to be a small house party, we_so formally.（A）needn t dress up（B） did not need have dressed up（C） did not need dres
10、s up（D）needn t have dressed up18 During the operas most famous aria the tempo chosen by the orchestra s conductor seemed _, without necessary relation to what had gone before.（A）tedious（B） melodious（C） capricious（D）cautious19 Children and old people do not like having their daily_upset.（A）habit（B） p
11、ractice（C） routine（D）custom20 One of the wrong notions about science is that many scientific discoveries have come about（A）accordingly（B） accidentally（C） artificially（D）additionally21 Courageous people think quickly and act without_.（A）hesitation（B） complaint（C） consideration（D）anxiety22 In the pref
12、ace _ my book, I express my sincere gratitude to all the teachers and friends who have been of help to me during my three years life in the university.（A）on（B） for（C） to（D）in23 But if robots are to reach the next stage of labor-saving utility, they will have to operate with less human_and be able to
13、 make at least a few decisions for themselvesgoals that pose a real challenge.（A）interaction（B） supervision（C） availability（D）disposition24 At eight o clock she laid_whatever she was doing to tell the children a story before they went to bed.（A）away（B） off（C） aside（D）out of25 Financial institutions
14、will spend huge sums, rolling our nationwide networks in Britain, France, Spain and perhaps in Germany. But the seeds for the most_growth will be sown inAmerica, where most banks have been slow to experiment with digital dollars until now.（A）spectacular（B） splendid （C） specified（D）specialized26 Of a
15、ll things banish the _out of your conversation, and never think of entertaining people with your own personal concerns of private affairs.（A）egotism（B） selfishness（C） conscience（D）consciousness27 The actor with whom I played the scene_for me beautifully, whispering the opening words of each of my li
16、nes, as did others in subsequent scenes.（A）covered up（B） broke up（C） made up（D）stirred up28 I m afraid the result of the coming election is a_conclusion.（A）foregone（B） foreseen（C） predictable（D）prospective29 As he took his foot off the clutch the car _forward and the passenger was almost thrown thro
17、ugh the windscreen.（A）lurched（B） swirled（C） staggered（D）wobbled30 He thumbed through the rose_to see if there was anything he fancied for his south-facing wall.（A）brochure（B） catalogue（C） pamphlet（D）booklet二、Reading Comprehension30 Discussion of the assimilation of Puerto Ricans in the United States
18、 has focused on two factors: social standing and the loss of national culture. In general, excessive stress is placed on one factor or the other, depending on whether fine commentator is North American or Puerto Rica. Many American social scientists, such as Oscar Handlin, Joseph Fitzpatrick, and Os
19、car Lewis, consider Puerto Ricans as the most recent in a long line of ethnic entrants to occupy the lowest rung on the social ladder. Such a “ socio-demographic“ approach tends to regard assimilation as a benign process, taking for granted increased economic advantage and inevitable cultural integr
20、ation, in a supposedly egalitarian context. However, this approach fails to take into account the colonial nature of the Puerto Rican case, with this group, unlike their European predecessors, coming from a nation politically subordinated to the United States. Even the “radical“ critiques of this ma
21、instream research model, such as the critique developed in Divided Society, attach the issue of ethnic assimilation too mechanically to factors of economic and social mobility, and are thus unable to illuminate the cultural subordination of Puerto Ricans as a colonial minority.In contrasts, the “Col
22、onialist“ approach of island-based writers such as Eduardo Seda-Bonilla, Manuel Maldonado-Denis, and Lius Nieves-Falcon tends to view assimilation as the forced loss of national culture in an unequal contest with imposed foreign values. There is, of course, a strong tradition of culture accommodatio
23、n among other Puerto Rican thinkers. The writings of Eugenio Fernandez Mendez clearly exemplify this tradition, and many supporters of Puerto Rico s commonwealth status share the same universalizing orientation. But the Puerto Rican intellectuals who have written most about the assimilation process
24、in the United States all advance cultural nationalist views, advocating the preservation of minority cultural distinctions and rejecting what they see as the subjugation of colonial nationalities.This cultural and political emphasis is appropriate, but the colonialist thinkers misdirect it, overlook
25、ing the class relations at work in both Puerto Rican and North American history. They pose the clash of national cultures as an absolute polarity, with each culture understood as static and undifferentiated. Yet both the Puerto Rican and North American traditions have been subject to constant challe
26、nge from cultural forces within their own societies; forces that may move toward each other in ways that cannot be written off as mere “assimilation“. Consider, for example, the indigenous and Afro-Caribbean traditions in Puerto Rican culture and how they influence and are influenced by other Caribb
27、ean cultures and Black cultures in the United States. The elements of Coercion and inequality, so central to cultural contact according to the colonialist framework, play no role in this kind of convergence of racially and ethnically different elements of the same class.31 The author s main purpose
28、is to_.（A）criticize the emphasis on social standing in discussions of the assimilation of Puerto Ricans in the United States（B） support the thesis that assimilation has not been a benign process for Puerto Ricans（C） defend a view of the assimilation of Puerto Ricans that emphasizes the preservation
29、of national culture（D）indicate deficiencies in two schools of thought on the assimilation of Puerto Ricans in the United States32 Culture accommodation is promoted by_.（A）Eduardo Seda-Bonilla（B） Manuel Maldonado-Denis（C） The author of Divided Society（D）many supporters of Puerto Rico s commonwealth s
30、tatus33 A writer such as Eugenio Fernandez Mendez would most likely agree that_.（A）it is necessary for the members of such groups to adapt to the culture of the majority（B） the members of such groups generally encounter a culture that is static and undifferentiated（C） social mobility is the most imp
31、ortant feature of the experience of members of such groups（D）social scientists should emphasize the cultural and political aspects of the experience of members of such groups34 The Puerto Rican writers who have written most about assimilation do NOT_.（A）regard assimilation as benign（B） resist cultur
32、al integration（C） describe in detail the process of assimilation（D）take into account the colonial nature of the Puerto Rican case35 The “colonialist“ approach is so Called because its practitioners_.（A）support Puerto Rico s commonwealth status（B） have a strong tradition of culture accommodation（C） e
33、mphasize the class relations at work in both Puerto Rican and North American history（D）regard the political relation of Puerto Rico to the United States as a significant factor in the experience of Puerto Ricans35 In the 1920s, the pioneers of artificial intelligence (AI) predicted that, by the end
34、of this century, computers would be conversing with us at work and robots would be performing our housework. But as useful as computers are, they are nowhere close to achieving anything remotely resembling these early aspirations for humanlike behavior. Never mind something as complex as conversatio
35、n : the most powerful computers struggle to reliably recognize the shape of an object, the most elementary of tasks for a ten-month-old kid.A growing group of AI researchers think they know where the field went wrong. The problem, the scientists say, is that AI has been trying to separate the highes
36、t, most abstract levels of thought, like language and mathematics, and to duplicate them with logical, step-by-step programs. A new movement in AI, on the other hand, takes a closer look at the more roundabout way in which nature came up with intelligence. Many of these researchers study evolution a
37、nd natural adaptation instead of formal logic and conventional programs. Rather than digital computers and transistors, some want to work with brain cells and proteins. The results of these early efforts are as promising as they are peculiar, and the new nature-based AL movement is slowly but surely
38、 moving to the forefront of the field.Imitating the brain s neural network is a huge step in the right direction, says computer scientist and biophysicist Michael Conrad, but it still missed an important aspect of natural intelligence. “ People tend to treat brain as if it were made up of color-code
39、d transistors. “ He explains, “ But it s not simply a clever network of switches. There are lots of important things going on inside the brain cells themselves. “ Specifically, Conrad believes that many of the brains capabilities stem from the pattern-recognition proficiency of the individual molecu
40、les that make up each brain cell. The best way to build an artificially intelligent device, he claims, would be to build around the same sort of molecular skills.Right now, the notion that conventional computers and software are fundamentally incapable of matching the processes that take place in th
41、e brain remains controversial. But if it proves true, then the efforts of Conrad and his fellow AI rebels could turn out to be the only game in town.36 The author says that the powerful computer of today_.（A）are capable of reliably recognizing the shape of an object（B） are close to exhibiting humanl
42、ike behavior（C） are not very different in their performance from those of the 50 s（D）still cannot communicate with people in human language37 The new trend in AI research stems from_.（A）the shift of focus of study onto the recognition of the shapes of objects（B） the belief that human intelligence ca
43、nnot be duplicated with logical, step-by-step programs（C） the aspirations of scientists to duplicate the intelligence of a ten-month-old child（D）the efforts made by scientists in the study of the similarities between transistors and brain cells38 Conrad and his group of AI researchers have been maki
44、ng enormous efforts to_.（A）find a roundabout way to design powerful computers（B） build a computer using a clever network of switches（C） find out how intelligence developed in nature（D）separate the highest and most abstract levels of thought39 What s the author s opinion about the new AI movement?（A）
45、It has created a sensation among artificial intelligence researchers but will soon die out.（B） It s a breakthrough in duplicating human thought processes.（C） It s more like a peculiar game rather than a real scientific effort.（D）It may prove to be in the right direction though nobody is sure of its
46、future prospects.40 Which of the following is closest in meaning to the phrase “the only game in town“?（A）The only approach to building an artificially intelligent computer.（B） The only way for them to win a prize in artificial intelligence research.（C） The only area worth studying in computer scien
47、ce.（D）The only game they would play in town.40 Mary Barton, particularly in its early chapters, is a moving response to the suffering of the industrial worker in the England of the 1840 s. What is most impressive about the book is the intense and painstaking effort made by the author, Elizabeth Gask
48、ell, to convey the experience of everyday life in working-class homes. Her method is partly documentary in nature; the novel includes such features as a carefully annotated reproduction of dialect, the exact details of food prices in an account of a tea party, an itemized description of the furnitur
49、e of the Bartons living room, and a transcription ( again annotated) of the ballad “ The Oldham Weaver“. The interest of this record is considerable, even though the method has a slightly distancing effect.As a member of the middle class, Gaskell could hardly help approaching working-class life as an outside observer and a reporter, and the reader of the novel is always conscious of thi
