1、在职艺术硕士（MFA ）全国联考英文阅读理解模拟试卷 43 及答案与解析一、英文阅读理解题0 In the world of entertainment, TV talk shows have undoubtedly flooded every inch of space on daytime television. And anyone who watches them regularly knows that each one varies in style and format. But no two shows are more profoundly opposite in conte
2、nt, while at the same time standing out above the rest, than the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey shows.Jerry Springer could easily be considered the king of “trash talk (废话)“. The topics on his show are as shocking as shocking can be. For example, the show takes the ever-common talk show themes
3、 of love, sex, cheating, guilt, hate, conflict and morality to a different level. Clearly, the Jerry Springer show is a display and exploitation of societys moral catastrophes (灾难)， yet people are willing to eat up the intriguing predicaments (困境) of other peoples lives.Like Jerry Springer, Oprah Wi
4、nfrey takes TV talk show to its extreme, but Oprah goes in the opposite direction. The show focuses on the improvement of society and an individuals quality of life. Topics range from teaching your children responsibility, managing your work week, to getting to know your neighbors.Compared to Oprah,
5、 the Jerry Springer show looks like poisonous waste being dumped on society. Jerry ends every show with a “final word“. He makes a small speech that sums up the entire moral of the show. Hopefully, this is the part where most people will learn something very valuable.Clean as it is, the Oprah show i
6、s not for everyone. The shows main target audience are middle-class Americans. Most of these people have the time, money, and stability to deal with lifes tougher problems. Jerry Springer, on the other hand, has more of an association with the young adults of society. These are 18 to 21-year-olds wh
7、ose main troubles in life involve love, relationship, sex, money and peers. They are the ones who see some value and lessons to be learned underneath the shows exploitation.While the two shows are as different as night and day, both have ruled the talk show circuit for many years now. Each one cater
8、s to a different audience while both have a strong following from large groups of fans. Ironically, both could also be considered pioneers in the talk show world. (388 words)1 Compared with other TV talk shows, both the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey are_.（A）more family-oriented（B） unusually p
9、opular（C） more profound（D）relatively formal2 Though the social problems Jerry Springer talks about appear distasteful, the audience _.（A）remain fascinated by them（B） are ready to face up to them（C） remain indifferent to them（D）are willing to get involved in them3 Which of the following is likely to
10、be a topic of the Oprah Winfrey show?（A）A new type of robot.（B） Racist hatred.（C） Family budget planning.（D）Street violence.4 Despite their different approaches, the two talk shows are both_.（A）ironical（B） sensitive（C） instructive（D）cynical5 We can learn from the passage that the two talk shows_.（A）
11、have monopolized the talk show circuit（B） exploit the weaknesses in human nature（C） appear at different times of the day（D）are targeted at different audiences5 Take the case of public education alone. The principal difficulty faced by the schools has been the tremendous increase in the number of pup
12、ils. This has been caused by the advance of the legal age for going into industry and the impossibility of finding a job even when the legal age has been reached. In view of the technological improvements in the last few years, business will require in the future proportionately fewer workers than e
13、ver before. The result will be still further raising of the legal age for going into employment, and still further difficulty in finding employment when that age has been attained. If we cannot put our children to work, we must put them in school.We may also be quite confident that the present trend
14、 toward a shorter day and a shorter week will be maintained. We have developed and shall continue to have a new leisure class. Already the public agencies for adult education are swamped by the tide that has swept over them since the depression began. They will be little better off when it is over.
15、Their support must come from the taxpayer.It is surely too much to hope that these increases in the cost of public education can be borne by the local communities. They cannot care for the present restricted and inadequate system. The local communities have failed in their efforts to cope with unemp
16、loyment. They cannot expect to cope with public education on the scale on which we must attempt it. The answer to the problem of unemployment has been Federal relief. The answer to the problem of public education may have to be much the same, and properly so. If there is one thing in which the citiz
17、ens of all parts of the country have an interest, it is in the decent education of the citizens of all parts of the country. Our income tax now goes in part to keep our neighbors alive. It may have to go in part as well to make our neighbors intelligent. We are now attempting to preserve the present
18、 generation through Federal relief of the destitute (贫民). Only a people determined to ruin the next generation will refuse such Federal funds as public education may require. (378 words)6 What is the passage mainly about?（A）How to persuade local communities to provide more funds.（B） How to cope with
19、 the shortage of funds for public education.（C） How to improve the public education system.（D）How to solve the rising unemployment problem.7 What is the reason for the increase in the number of students?（A）The requirement of educated workers by business.（B） Raising of the legal age for going to work
20、.（C） The trend toward a shorter workday.（D）Peoples concern for the future of the next generation.8 The public agencies for adult education will be little better off because_.（A）the unemployed are too poor to continue their education（B） a new leisure class has developed（C） they are still suffering fr
21、om the depression（D）an increase in taxes could be a problem9 According to the author, the answer to the problem of public education is that the Federal government_.（A）should allocate Federal funds for public education（B） should demand that local communities provide support（C） should raise taxes to m
22、eet the needs of public education（D）should first of all solve the problem of unemployment10 Why does the author say “Only a people determined to ruin the next generation will refuse such Federal funds as public education may require“ (Lines 11 12, Para. 3)?（A）Only by appropriating adequate Federal f
23、unds for education can the next generation have a bright future.（B） Citizens of all parts of the country agree that the best way to support education is to use Federal funds.（C） People all over the country should make contributions to education in the interest of the next generation.（D）Educated peop
24、le are determined to use part of the Federal funds to help the poor.10 What might driving on an automated highway be like? The answer depends on what kind of system is ultimately adopted. Two distinct types are on the drawing board. The first is a special-purpose lane system, in which certain lanes
25、are reserved for automated vehicles. The second is a mixed traffic system： fully automated vehicles would share the road with partially automated or manually driven cars. A special-purpose lane system would require more extensive physical modifications to existing highways, but it promises the great
26、est gains in freeway (高速公路) capacity.Under either scheme, the driver would specify the desired destination, furnishing this information to a computer in the car at the beginning of the trip or perhaps just before reaching the automated highway. If a mixed traffic system was in place, automated drivi
27、ng could begin whenever the driver was on suitably equipped roads. If special-purpose lanes were available, the car could enter them and join existing traffic in two different ways. One method would use is a special onramp (人口引道). As the driver approached the point of entry for the highway, devices
28、installed on the roadside would electronically check the vehicle to determine its destination and to ascertain that it had the proper automation equipment in good working order. Assuming it passed such tests, the driver would then be guided through a gate and toward an automated lane. In this case,
29、the transition from manual to automated control would take place on the entrance ramp. An alternative technique could employ conventional lanes, which would be shared by automated and regular vehicles. The driver would steer onto the highway and move in normal fashion to a “transition“ lane. The veh
30、icle would then shift under computer control onto a lane reserved for automated traffic. (The limitation of these lanes to automated traffic would, presumably, be well respected, because all trespassers (非法进入者) could be swiftly identified by authorities. )Either approach to joining, a lane of automa
31、ted traffic would harmonize the movement of newly entering vehicles with those already traveling. Automatic control here should allow for smooth merging, without the usual uncertainties and potential for accidents. And once a vehicle had settled into automated travel, the drive would be free to rele
32、ase the wheel, open the morning paper or just relax. (392 words)11 We learn from the first paragraph that two systems of automated highways（A）are being planned（B） are being modified（C） are now in wide use（D）are under construction12 A special-purpose lane system is probably advantageous in that_.（A）i
33、t would require only minor changes to existing highways（B） it would achieve the greatest highway traffic efficiency（C） it has a lane for both automated and partially automated vehicles（D）it offers more lanes for automated vehicles13 Which of the following is true about driving on an automated highwa
34、y?（A）Vehicles traveling on it are assigned different lanes according to their destinations.（B） A car can join existing traffic any time in a mixed lane system.（C） The driver should inform his car computer of his destination before driving onto it.（D）The driver should share the automated lane with th
35、ose of regular vehicles.14 We know from the passage that a car can enter a special-purpose lane_.（A）by smoothly merging with cars on the conventional lane（B） by way of a ramp with electronic control devices（C） through a specially guarded gate（D）after all trespassers are identified and removed15 When
36、 driving in an automated lane, the driver_.（A）should harmonize with newly entering cars（B） doesnt have to rely on his computer system（C） should watch out for potential accidents（D）doesnt have to hold on to the steering wheel15 Bill Gates, the billionaire Microsoft chairman without a single earned un
37、iversity degree, is by his success raising new doubts about the worth of the business worlds favorite academic title: the MBA (Master of Business Administration).The MBA, a 20th-century product, always has borne the mark of lowly commerce and greed (贪婪) on the tree-lined campuses ruled by purer disc
38、iplines such as philosophy and literature.But even with the recession apparently cutting into the hiring of business school graduates, about 79, 000 people are expected to receive MBAs in 1993. This is nearly 16 times the number of business graduates in 1960, a testimony to the widespread assumption
39、 that the MBA is vital for young men and women who want to run companies some day.“If you are going into the corporate world it is still a disadvantage not to have one,“said Donald Morrison, professor of marketing and management science. “But in the last five years or so, when someone says, Should I
40、 attempt to get an MBA, the answer a lot more is: It depends. “The success of Bill Gates and other non-MBAs, such as the late Sam Walton of Wal-Mart Stores Inc., has helped inspire self-conscious debates on business school campuses over the worth of a business degree and whether management skills ca
41、n be taught.The Harvard Business Review printed a lively, fictional exchange of letters to dramatize complaints about business degree holders.The article called MBA hires “extremely disappointing“ and said “MBAs want to move up too fast, they dont understand politics and people, and they arent able
42、to function as part of a team until their third year. But by then, theyre out looking for other jobs. “The problem, most participants in the debate acknowledge, is that the MBA has acquired an aura (光环) of future riches and power far beyond its actual importance and usefulness.Enrollment in business
43、 schools exploded in the 1970s and 1980s and created the assumption that no one who pursued a business career could do without one. The growth was fueled by a backlash (反冲) against the anti-business values of the 1960s and by the womens movement.Business people who have hired or worked with MBAs say
44、 those with the degrees often know how to analyze systems but are not so skillful at motivating people. “They dont get a lot of grounding in the people side of the business,“ said James Shaffer, vice-president and principal of the Towers Perrin management consulting firm. (419 words)16 According to
45、Paragraph 2, what is the general attitude towards business on campuses dominated by purer disciplines?（A）Scornful.（B） Appreciative.（C） Envious.（D）Realistic.17 It seems that the controversy over the value of MBA degrees has been fueled mainly by_.（A）the complaints from various employers（B） the succes
46、s of many non-MBAs（C） the criticism from the scientists of purer disciplines（D）the poor performance of MBAs at work18 What is the major weakness of MBA holders according to The Harvard Business Review?（A）They are usually self-centered.（B） They are aggressive and greedy.（C） They keep complaining abou
47、t their jobs.（D）They are not good at dealing with people.19 From the passage we know that most MBAs_.（A）can climb the corporate ladder fairly quickly（B） quit their jobs once they are familiar with their workmates（C） receive salaries that do not match their professional training（D）cherish unrealistic
48、 expectations about their future20 What is the passage mainly about?（A）Why there is an increased enrollment in MBA programs.（B） The necessity of reforming MBA programs in business schools.（C） Doubts about the worth of holding an MBA degree.（D）A debate held recently on university campuses.20 Tina, a
49、10-lb 2-oz baby, was born into the Rodriguez home. The parents were delighted to have her, and she was given much love and attention. She seemed to grow up very normally, but did learn to talk a bit later than her two older siblings did. One day when she was about 3 years old, she fell off a swing and hurt her head, and had to have a few stitches to close a small wound. Several times after this the parents noticed that she would forget little things. It did not bother them until she enrolled in school, when she
