1、考研英语模拟试卷 292 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 0 Scientists around the world are racing to learn how to rapidly diagnose, treat and stop the spread of a new, deadly disease. SARS Sev
2、ere Acute Respiratory Syndrome was【1】for the first time in February 2003 in Hanoi,【2】since then has infected more than 1,600 people in 15 countries, killing 63. At this【3】, there are more questions than answers surrounding the disease.Symptoms start【4】a fever over 100.4 degrees F, chills, headache o
3、r body【5】. Within a week, the patient has a dry cough, which might【6】to shortness of breath. In 10% to 200% of cases, patients require【7】ventilation to breathe. About 3.5% die from the disease. Symptoms【8】 begin in two to seven days, but some reports suggest it【9】take as long as 10 days. Scientists
4、are close to【10】a lab test to diagnose SARS. In the meantime, it is diagnosed by its symptoms. There is no evidence【11】antibiotics or anti-viral medicines help,【12】doctors can offer only supportive care. Patients with SARS are kept in isolation to reduce the risk of【13】. Scientists arent sure yet, b
5、ut some researchers think its a【14】discovered coronavirus, the family of viruses that cause some common colds.Most cases appear to have been passed【15】droplets expelled when infected patients cough or sneeze. Family members of infected people and medical workers who care for them have been most like
6、ly to【16】the illness. But recent developments in Hong Kong suggest that the【17】might spread through air, or that the virus might【18】for two to three hours on doorknobs or other【19】Health experts say it is【20】, though, that sharing an elevator briefly with an infected person would be enough to pass t
7、he virus. （A）detected（B） caught（C） disclosed（D）revealed （A）but（B） and（C） or（D）yet （A）time（B） point（C） aspect（D）instance （A）from（B） over（C） upon（D）with （A）hurt（B） sore（C） aches（D）feelings （A）process（B） advance（C） progress（D）convert （A）automatic（B） artificial（C） mechanical（D）controlled （A）regularly（B）
8、 ordinarily（C） traditionally（D）generally （A）will（B） might（C） should（D）must （A）cultivating（B） fostering（C） developing（D）designing （A）which（B） that（C） whether（D）what （A）so（B） but（C） still（D）yet （A）communication（B） transportation（C） transformation（D）transmission （A）lately（B） newborn（C） newly（D）renewed
9、（A）under（B） through（C） beneath（D）from （A）acquire（B） receive（C） obtain（D）contract （A）ailment（B） ill-health（C） disease（D）infection （A）continue（B） linger（C） delay（D）persist （A）exteriors（B） outside（C） surfaces（D）coverings （A）probably（B） obviously（C） unlikely（D）clearly Part ADirections: Read the followin
10、g four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)20 According to comScore, Facebook is the leading social networking site based on monthly unique visitors, having overtaken main competitor MySpace in April 2008. According to Alexa, the websites ranking among al
11、l websites increased from 60th to 7th in terms of worldwide traffic, from September 2006 to September 2007, and is currently 5th. Quantcast ranks the website 15th in U.S. in terms of traffic, and Compete. com ranks it 14th in U.S.The Internet phenomenon, which boasts 80 million users worldwide, expl
12、oded in popularity over the past year as a convenient way for Web users to communicate and share personal details with selected groups of friends or acquaintances. But grammatical errors in the automated messages Facebook uses to personalize pronouns when members share information with their friends
13、 have proliferated since the site expanded from English-only into 15 new languages in recent months.And now, Facebook will press members to declare whether they are male or female, seeking to end the grammatical device that leads the site to refer to individual users as “they“ or “themself.“ “Weve g
14、otten feedback from translators and users in other countries that translations wind up being too confusing when people have not specified a sex on their profiles,“ Facebook product manager Naomi Gleit said in a company statement.In English, when users fail to specify what gender they are, Facebook d
15、efaults to some form of the gender neutral, plural pronoun “they.“ That option is unavailable when the plural is always masculine or feminine in other languages. “People who havent selected what sex they are frequently get defaulted to the wrong sex,“ Gleit wrote.Unless the gender of the user is cle
16、ar, Facebook does not know which pronoun to use to notify other members add information to the site. This common English problem is multiplied in languages where masculine and feminine distinctions are grammatically ingrained.The site will now ask users to specify whether they are male or female on
17、their basic member- ship profile. It will prompt existing users to define themselves. Facebook has an opt-out option for members who choose not to specify their gender or do not consider gender to be clear cut. Members can remove mention of gender from messages about their activities. “Weve received
18、 pushback in the past from groups that find the male/female distinction too limiting,“ Gleit said.21 What does the word “traffic“ (Line3, Paragraph1) most probably mean?（A）The number of visits to a certain website.（B） The change of website rankings.（C） The amount of profit a website able to generate
19、 annually.（D）The trend in communication industry.22 Which one of the following is true about Facebook?（A）The websites are losing their popularity in a gradual way.（B） Registered users profiles are open to anyone on the internet.（C） Only friends and acquaintances of the users have access to their pro
20、files.（D）The website is in English only since English is a universal language now.23 From the passage, we know that Facebook is now faced with the problem that _.（A）less and less people are paying visits to it（B） people are cheating about their real gender on it（C） it is difficult to tell whether an
21、 user is male or female（D）users are using impropriate language there24 From the passage, we know that in some other language than English, _.（A）there is no difference between male and female in pronouns（B） it is very rude to ask about the gender question on internet（C） even plural form of pronouns h
22、ave gender tendencies（D）the singular form and plural form is the same25 Which one of the following is true under the new regulations of Facebook?（A）The users are encouraged to include their gender information in their extended profiles.（B） Only the new registrations are influenced by this new regula
23、tion.（C） Users can still choose not to specify their gender.（D）Everyone is welcoming this new regulation since it brings ahout clarity and convenience.25 The term massage therapy (also called massage, for short; massage also refers to an individual treatment session) covers a group of practices and
24、techniques. There are over 80 types of massage therapy. In all of them, therapists press, rub, and otherwise manipulate the muscles and other soft tissues of the body, often varying pressure and movement. They most often use their hands and fingers, but may use their forearms, elbows, or feet. Typic
25、ally, the intent is to relax the soft tissues, increase delivery of blood and oxygen to the massaged areas, warm them, and decrease pain.Massage therapy dates back thousands of years. References to massage have been found in ancient writings from many cultures, including those of Ancient Greece, Anc
26、ient Rome, Japan, China, Egypt, and the Indian subcontinent. In the United States, massage therapy first became popular and was promoted for a variety of health purposes starting in the mid-1800s. In the 1930s and 1940s, however, massage fell out of favor, mostly because of scientific and technologi
27、cal advances in medical treatments. Interest in massage revived in the 1970s, especially among athletes.More recently, a 2002 national survey on Americans use of CAM (published in 2004) found that 5 percent of the 31,000 participants had used massage therapy in the preceding 12 months, and 9.3 perce
28、nt had ever used it. According to recent reviews, people use massage for a wide variety of health-related intents: for example, to relieve pain ( often from musculoskeletal conditions, but from other conditions as well); rehabilitate sports injuries; reduce stress; increase relaxation; address feeli
29、ngs of anxiety and depression; and aid general wellness.Massage therapy appears to have few serious risks if appropriate cautions are followed. A very small number of serious injuries have been reported, and they appear to have occurred mostly because cautions were not followed or a massage was give
30、n by a person who was not properly trained. Health care providers recommend that patients not have massage therapy before they consult their doctors about their own health conditions.Scientists are studying massage to understand what effects massage therapy has on patients, how it has those effects,
31、 and why. Some aspects of this are better understood than others. There are many more aspects that are not yet known or well understood scientifically. More well-designed studies are needed to understand and confirm these theories and other scientific aspects of massage.26 Which one of the following
32、 statements about massage is NOT correct according to the passage?（A）Many different practices and techniques can all be called massage.（B） Soft tissues of the body are usually the target of massage.（C） Hands and fingers aide the only body parts that therapists use when practicing massage.（D）Massage
33、can do much more than just providing relaxation.27 Which one of the following statements is true about the history of massage?（A）It has a history of about several hundred years.（B） It is only found in ancient Asia countries like China and Japan.（C） It lost its popularity after 1970s because of medic
34、al advances.（D）It had twists and turns in its development in U.S.28 In the survey mentioned in paragraph 3, we know that 9.3 percent of the participants _.（A）used massage therapy in 2002（B） used massage therapy in 2004（C） had used massage therapy at least once（D）used massage therapy in 200129 Paragr
35、aph 4 is mainly concerned about _.（A）side effects and risks of massage therapy（B） safety of massage therapy（C） cautions that the therapists need to follow（D）the training processes of a qualified therapists30 From the passage, we know that the study of massage _.（A）have not got started yet（B） needs m
36、ore research on therapy practice（C） can not explain therapy practice at all（D）can provide full explanations for therapy practice30 School shootings across the country continue to discuss the story of the student who is outcast by fellow peers and decides to lash out. These reports may leave some won
37、dering if ostracism is a legitimate cause for violence. Kip Williams believes it is. Williams, a professor of psychology at Purdue University, recently came to campus to speak about the effects of being ostracized. These effects can be distressing, but they often go unnoticed, he said. “I would have
38、 rather been beaten or bullied than be ignored,“ Williams said, reflecting on what some of the participants in his experiments felt after they were left out of a game of toss. “Even two minutes of invisibility is painful,“ he said.Ostracism, the act of ignoring or excluding, is a phenomenon not only
39、 found in the adult world, according to Williams. Children play simple games which leave peers out without being taught to do so. Even animals use forms of ostracism, Williams said. Lions, wolves and bees, for example, use the tactic to keep out burdensome members of their groups, which often result
40、s in death for the excluded member. Exclusion among humans can be similarly detrimental, he said.Williams conducted a computer game of toss, and showed the results for those who did not receivethe ball. Their angry, disappointed and saddened faces showed just how important inclusion is in human inte
41、raction. In another experiment, the excluded participants had no control over loud noises entering their headphones. The result was that they chose to act out against fellow participants. That lack of control is what Williams believes triggers aggression. “When control is robbed, then people dont ca
42、re about how they are being liked anymore,“ Williams said. “They just want to establish control by being recognized. People are more likely to be violent in order to get that recognition,“ Williams said.His research has found that people are generally ostracized at least once a day, like the waiter
43、who refills water glasses without notice, or the person who sits next to you on the bus without a glance. These interactions may not seem like much, but Williams asserts that even the slightest situations in which people feel invisible can have a negative impact on them. In his studies, a total of 7
44、0 percent of people said they had been given the “silent treatment“ by their loved ones.31 The central concept of the passage “ostracism“ most probably refers to _.（A）the problem of distressing experienced by school students（B） the phenomenon of some students being excluded by peers（C） the violence
45、happening on campus witnessed by students（D）the issue of some students unwilling to communicate with peers32 Which one of the following is true about ostracism?（A）It is a problem only experienced by children.（B） Only humans will ever have such behaviors.（C） Children learn about ostracism from their
46、parents.（D）Children can learn to use ostracism by themselves.33 From paragraph 3, we know that Williams got his research result from _.（A）literature review（B） face-to-face interview（C） computer games（D）social experiment34 According. to Williams, the victims of ostracism tend to be _.（A）caring（B） car
47、eful（C） controlling（D）violent35 Which one of the following is true about the experience of ostracism?（A）It is often and harmful.（B） It is rare but harmful.（C） It is often but harmless.（D）It is rare and harmless.35 “I was just like you-I thought I was invincible,“ says Adam Blomberg, standing before
48、400 students in a darkened auditorium at Miamis Coral Reef Senior High School. A photo of a bloodied and unconscious teenager, a breathing tube protruding from his mouth, flashes on the wall.“That was me,“ he says. Theres a collective gasp before the room grows silent and Blomberg,31, an anesthesiol
49、ogist who trained at Brigham and Womens Hospital in Boston, begins the story of what happened one night in February 1995.He created a presentation illustrating the dangers of behaving irresponsibly in a car, from not buckling up to speeding to driving under the influence of alcohol and drugs. He tracked down photos of teen crash victims from the centers archives, then incorporated statistics and his own experience. He spoke the first time to a local Boy Scout troop and was soon giving his talk, “A Survivors Story,“ at high
