1、考研英语模拟试卷 322 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 0 It has been almost half a decade since Norman Mailer described leas Vegas in his novel The American Dream. But it【1】to be one of the
2、most【2】and exhilarating (使人愉快的) holiday destinations in the world. An end-less【3】of colorful sights and activities are surrounded by skyscrapers and the magnificent Nevada desert. With【4】shopping, luxury spas, five-star dining and some of the most extravagant entertainment, you will【5】see, this is a
3、 city【6】offers an experience like no other. Perhaps the enduring appeal of this “【7】capital of the world“, though, is that it always has something【8】 to offer. Recently the Hard Rock Caf has been【9】up its act, completing with a new 42 000 sq ft venue, 1 000-seater cinema and an “interactive rock wal
4、l“-allowing customers the chance to【10】images of Hard Rocks collection. City Center is an $ 8.5 billion (5.3 billion) complex on the Strip; a place that, in a city already【11】with extraordinary casinos ( 娱乐场) and hotels, stands out from the【12】It was the largest privately【13】construction project in
5、the US and has three stand-alone hotels, a sprawling shopping and entertainment district and two 37-storey glass towers of【14】flats, designed by the likes of Norman Foster. Another Las Vegas【15】, Planet Hollywood, has【16】with luxury developers to create Westgate Towers-where you could own a piece of
6、 the action and a chance to come back to Las Vegas every year.【17】, the only thing youll 【18】of in Vegas is not knowing which club, restaurant or spa to choose from. But then you can always ask a(n)【19】or the concierge-the fantastic thing about this city is that its residents【20】it as much as you wi
7、ll.（A）begins（B） continues（C） ceases（D）halts （A）unique（B） unpleasant（C） discomforting（D）disconcerting （A）array（B） group（C） team（D）row （A）unpopular（B） unparalleled（C） unpredictable（D）unprofitable （A）ever（B） never（C） forever（D）over （A）what（B） where（C） that（D）when （A）politics（B） economic（C） culture（D）en
8、tertainment （A）old（B） strange（C） new（D）annoying （A）polishing（B） laying（C） handing（D）standing （A）spread（B） increase（C） enlarge（D）expand （A）held（B） stuffed（C） began（D）went （A）world（B） center（C） crowd（D）city （A）funded（B） founded（C） found（D）supported （A）ordinary（B） luxury（C） unimaginative（D）incurious （A
9、）title（B） sample（C） staple（D）theme （A）teamed up（B） welled up（C） turned tap（D）made up （A）However（B） Although（C） Therefore（D）In fact （A）satisfy（B） complain（C） care（D）concern （A）stranger（B） barman（C） passerby（D）officer （A）enjoy（B） dislike（C） bore（D）abhor Part ADirections: Read the following four texts.
10、 Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)20 Data security used to be all about spending big bucks on firewalls to defend data at the network perimeter and on antivirus software to protect individual computers. Internet-based computing, or cloud computing, has change
11、d all that, at the same time expanding exponentially the chances for data thieves and hackers. The cloud creates other opportunities too. a handful of security vendors now deliver security as a service-a one-two punch of hardware and software that monitors and manages an enterprises data security an
12、d bills customers only for the computing power they use. “For years, security was about big companies pushing technology to their customers,“ says Qualys CEO and founder Philippe Courtot. “Now its about the customers pulling precisely what they need and providing them with those resources on demand.
13、 “ Qualys, a privately held company in Redwood Shores, Calif. , was among the first to embrace the service-oriented model, in 1999. Today four different modules of QualysGuard, its flagship offering, are used by more than 3500 organizations in 85 countries. The company performs more than 200 million
14、 security audits per year. Courtot knows something about opportunity. The French entrepreneur arrived in Silicon Valley in 1987 and has built a number of companies into big-time players, including Signio, an electronic-payment start-up that was eventually sold to VeriSign in a combined deal for more
15、 than $1 billion. As CEO, he rebuilt Verity and transformed cc:Mail, a once unknown firm of 12 people, into a dominant e-mail platform before Lotus acquired it in 1991. “Throughout my career, Ive been able to recognize that for a technology to succeed, it must have a purpose,“ he says. “Technology i
16、tself has no value. Its what you do with it that counts. “ Under the old paradigm, according to Courtot, enterprises overspent for stand-alone security devices that became unruly and difficult to operate over the long term He says Qualys attacks the flaws in this strategy by streamlining security an
17、d tackling most of the service delivery through the cloud. “We control the infrastructure, software updates, quality assurance and just about everything in between,“ he says. The firm unveiled QualysGuard in 2000. After an infusion of $ 25 million from the venture firm Trident Capital and another $
18、25 million from Gourtot, Qualys tweaked the service to focus mostly on vulnerability management. Much of the companys current revenue-sales, topped $ 50 million last year-is being driving by a set of standards established by the Payment Card Industry Security Standards Council (PCISSC). “The PCI sta
19、ndard has been a major driver of business for all of them, especially Qualys,“ says Avivah Litan, a vice president and analyst at market-research firm Gartner. “When everyone has to comply, theres a lot of work to go around. “21 The traditional way to ensure data security is by _.（A）applying for clo
20、ud computing（B） installing firewalls and antivirus programs（C） decreasing the chances for hackers（D）using a handful of hardwares and softwares 22 The phrase “one-two punch“ (Line 2, Paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to _.（A）fight（B） negative effect（C） small size（D）combination 23 Whats Courtots cont
21、ribution to cc:Mail?（A）He transformed co Mail into a dominant e-mail platform.（B） He tackled most of the service delivery through the cloud.（C） He pushed technology to their customers.（D）He invested a lot of money to ensure customers security. 24 According to the text, which one about Qualys is TRUE
22、?（A）It is a state-owned business company.（B） It is the first company that supports service-oriented model.（C） It can streamline security and tackle most of service delivery.（D）It doesnt focus mostly on vulnerability management. 25 The authors attitude towards the PCI standard is（A）supportive（B） crit
23、ical（C） opposed（D）nonchalant 25 As people age and need more help with daily activities, such as bathing or taking medication, moving to a facility that provides some assistance, without sacrificing independence, may be an option. This type of environment, known as assisted living, has emerged in the
24、 past two decades as an increasingly available option for housing and long-term care. The growth of assisted living facilities has leveled off in recent years, however, as the economic downturn hampered new construction and occupancy rates. In 2007, there were approximately 38 000 assisted living fa
25、cilities nationwide, serving about 975000 residents. The overwhelming majority of assisted living residents in the United States are female, according to the National Center for Assisted Living. One of the most common types of facilities that provide assisted living are called continuing care retire
26、ment communities, which offer a stepwise approach to care, says Kerry Peck, an elder law attorney based in Chicago. “The concept is you age in place,“ meaning you never have to leave the grounds for housing, he says, “You buy an apartment or cottage, and then as your health declines, the facility ag
27、rees to provide continuing care. Some of the most successful centers have independent living, then assisted living, then a nursing home for acute care. “ But much like deciding whether a nursing home is necessary, the decision to move into an assisted living facility is not an easy one. So what fact
28、ors should you consider when looking for a place to move to? Mainly, you should think about what activities you or your loved one need help with. People residing in assisted living facilities may need assistance with any number of daily activities, such as bathing, dressing, using the bathroom, cook
29、ing or eating. About 87 percent of residents need help preparing meals, for example, and 81 percent need help with managing or taking their medications, reports the NCAL. Most residents come from living in private homes or apartments; fewer come from living with adult children or other family member
30、s, from nursing home facilities, retirement or independent living communities, or another assisted living or group home. For some people, however, assisted living may not be an option, mostly for financial reasons. Assisted living facilities cost an average of $ 34 000 annually in 2009, compared to
31、about $ 74 000 per year for a nursing home, according to research published in January in Health Affairs. How this expense is paid varies. Residents can buy into a facility by paying a large, upfront sum of money, followed by smaller monthly assessment fees. Or if the resident opts for a facility wh
32、ere he can rent instead, he would pay monthly for the cost of housing and care. The facilities are also mostly located in areas where home values are higher and people nearby have higher incomes.26 From the first paragraph, we learn that _.（A）elderly people living in assisted living facilities have
33、to be accompanied all the time（B） fluctuation of economy can have no much effect on the construction of assisted living facilities（C） assisted living facilities have been always increasing rapidly（D）assisted living facilities have become more and more popular in the past 20 years 27 What is continui
34、ng care retirement communities?（A）It is an assisted living providing a stepwise approach to care.（B） It makes people never have to leave the grounds for housing.（C） It provides continuing care as your health declines.（D）It offers assistance with any daily activities. 28 What is the principle factor
35、people should think over when making a decision to move into an assisted living?（A）Whether they have enough money.（B） What activities they need help with.（C） The distance from their homes.（D）The living conditions there. 29 The facilities are situated in places where _.（A）residents can buy into a fac
36、ility by paying a lot of money（B） residents are rich and there are a lot of aged people（C） there are retirement and independent living communities（D）home values are higher and people have higher incomes 30 The authors attitude towards assisted living is _.（A）supportive（B） opposed（C） objective（D）subj
37、ective 30 By any standard, money manager Malcolm Gissen has had a complicated relationship with risk over the past couple of years. After losing 62 percent in 2008, the Encompass Fund, which Gissen co-manages, gained a staggering 137 percent last year, cementing its reputation as one of the more vol
38、atile funds in the industry. “Most mutual fund managers tend to invest for mediocre results. Their goal is to perform in line with their benchmark,“ says Gissen, whose returns-for better or worsen-have been anything but mediocre. Encompass is one of a small group of funds that have a “go-anywhere“ m
39、andate (meaning they can invest in essentially any type of security), and Gissen wields that power freely. Late last year, for instance, his fund had about 20 percent of its assets in gold-related investments. Despite all that, Gissens attitude toward risk is surprisingly straightforward: “We dont l
40、ike risk,“ he volunteers. This, of course, begs the question: What exactly constitutes a risky portfolio? “When people think about risk, they think, Whats going to be the next AIG or the next Enron?“ says Chris Konstantinos, a portfolio risk manager at Riverfront Investment Group, a Virginia-based a
41、dvisory firm. “Thats a really important risk, but its not the entire side of the risk equation. Its just one piece. “ Lately, the market has shone a light on an entirely different type of risk, one thats far more paradoxical and difficult to grasp. “Sometimes the biggest risk you can have in your po
42、rtfolio is not having enough risk,“ says Konstantinos. “And certainly since March of 2009, thats clearly been the case. “ Advocates of this philosophy point to two main scenarios. In one, a traditionally safe asset class falls off, pulling the rug out from underneath investors who were overexposed t
43、o it. Thats what many analysts expect will happen to bond investors once interest rates start creeping up. In the other, a risky type of investment takes off, leaving those who dont own it behind in a cloud of dust. Thats what occurred when consumer discretionary stocks surged during last years rebo
44、und. In both scenarios, the advantage goes to investors with portfolios that are traditionally seen as risky. The challenge, of course, is achieving the right balance. Many investors cant stomach the swings associated with funds like Gissens, but theres middle ground to be found. “The right way to l
45、ook at risk is to look at it from a portfolio construction perspective, which means that in a highly diversified portfolio, theres room for whats perceived as risky kinds of investments,“ says Konstantinos.31 Most managers tend to invest portfolio that _.（A）has the highest value（B） doesnt contain to
46、o much risk（C） is more risky than any others（D）can get more returns 32 Gissens attitude towards risk is _.（A）disgusted（B） frank（C） scared（D）ambiguous 33 According to Konstantinos, the biggest risk of portfolio is that _.（A）you invest in any type of security（B） the portfolio can not achieve the right
47、 balance（C） you continue a risky portfolio（D）your portfolio does not have enough risk 34 The word “stomach“ (Line 2, Last paragraph) has the closest meaning to “_ “.（A）avoid（B） handle（C） endure（D）adopt 35 According to the text, which of the following is TRUE?（A）Gissen had no relationship with risk o
48、ver last decade.（B） In both scenarios, the challenge achieves the right balance.（C） There is no good way to look at portfolio.（D）The risk does no good to portfolio. 35 It is easy to see why forgiveness is typically regarded as a virtue. Forgiveness is not always a virtue, however. Indeed, if I am co
49、rrect in linking resentment to self-respect, a too ready tendency to forgive may properly be regarded as a vice because it may be a sign that one lacks respect for oneself. Forgiveness may indeed restore relationships, but to seek restoration at all cost-even at the cost of ones very human dignity-can hardly be a virtue. And, in intimate relationships, it can hardly be true love or friendship either the kind of love and friendship that Aristotle claimed is an essential art of the human life. If
