1、考研英语模拟试卷 326 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 0 A recent television commercial begins【C1】_the announcement, “ Johnny was just beaten up by the biggest kid【C2】_the blockhis father. “
2、 It【C3】_to show photographs of a boy who has bruises and scars all over his head and body. The intent of the commercial is to【C4 】_community awareness of the widespread【C5】_of child abuse. When this issue first surfaced in the early 1960s, it was viewed as pathological behavior; “How could anybody i
3、n his right mind【C6 】_hurt a child too small and too weak to【C7】_itself?“ Today the battered child as well as the battered wife is being viewed in the【C8】_of violenceviolence in the family.A recent study of child abuse (Gelles and Straus, 1979) points out that with the【C9】_of the military and the po
4、lice, there is【C10】_violent【C11】_group than the American family. “A person is more【C12 】_to be hit or killed in his or her own home by another family member than anywhere else or by【C13】_else (Gelles and Straus, 1979). Nearly one out of【C14】_four murder victims is killed by a member of his or her ow
5、n family.The dividing line between a disciplinary slap that most Americans would probably find【C15】_and child abuse is a difficult one to【C16】_both in the home and in the school. An eight-year-old in Rochester, New York, came home from school with black and blue【C17】_on his arm. The childs buttocks
6、were raw and bleeding. The boys father, a county sheriff, called the police, who informed him that they had no right to proceed【C18 】_anyone. The 【C19】_had been inflicted by the principal, and the state law says that corporal punishment in the schools is legal【C20 】 _the use of deadly force (Heching
7、er, 1980). Where, then, does this society draw the line between corporal punishment for disciplinary purposes and child abuse?1 【C1 】（A）at（B） with（C） for（D）as2 【C2 】（A）at（B） in（C） on（D）across3 【C3 】（A）comes on（B） goes on（C） turns（D）refers4 【C4 】（A）remind（B） accelerate（C） raise（D）lift5 【C5 】（A）accide
8、nt（B） incidence（C） rate（D）chance6 【C6 】（A）willing（B） willy-nilly（C） willfully（D）wildly7 【C7 】（A）preserve（B） shelter（C） argue（D）defend8 【C8 】（A）way（B） context（C） content（D）name9 【C9 】（A）roles（B） example（C） exception（D）help10 【C10 】（A）no more（B） far more（C） not more（D）more11 【C11 】（A）social（B） militar
9、y（C） cultural（D）legal12 【C12 】（A）alike（B） feasible（C） like（D）likely13 【C13 】（A）anything（B） anyone（C） whoever（D）whatever14 【C14 】（A）per（B） any（C） every（D）each15 【C15 】（A）acceptable（B） admitable（C） possible（D）reasonable16 【C16 】（A）make（B） draw（C） decide（D）cross17 【C17 】（A）cuts（B） scars（C） signs（D）mark
10、s18 【C18 】（A）with（B） to（C） against（D）toward19 【C19 】（A）scars（B） scar（C） wounds（D）wound20 【C20 】（A）except for（B） in addition（C） besides（D）forPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)21 I am not an accomplished lawyer. I
11、 find quite as much material for a lecture in those points wherein I have failed, as in those where I have been moderately successful. The leading rule for the lawyer, as for the man, of every other calling, is diligence. Leave nothing for tomorrow which can be done today. Never let your corresponde
12、nces fall behind. Whatever piece of business you have in hand, before stopping, do all the labor related to it which can then be done. When you bring a common law suit, if you have the facts for doing so, write the declaration at once. If a law point be involved, examine the books and note the autho
13、rity you rely on the declaration itself, where you are sure to find it when wanted. In business not likely to be litigated,ordinary collection cases, partitions, and the likemake all examinations of titles, note them and even draft orders and official orders in advance. This course has a triple adva
14、ntage: it avoids omissions and neglect, saves your labor, when once done, performs the labor out of court when you have leisure, rather than in court when you have not. Spontaneous speaking should be practiced and cultivated. It is the lawyers avenue to the public. However able and faithful he may b
15、e in other respects, people are slow bringing him business, if he cannot make a speech. And yet here is not a more fatal error to young lawyers, than relying too much on speechmaking. If any one, upon his rare powers of speaking, shall claim exemption from the exhausting work of the law, his case is
16、 a failure in advance.Discourage litigation. Persuade your neighbors to compromise whenever you can. Point out to them how the nominal winner is often a real loserin fees, and expenses, and waste of time. As a peacemaker the lawyer has a superior opportunity of being a good man. There will still be
17、business enough.Never stir up litigation. A worse man can scarcely be found than one who does this. Who can be more nearly a friend than he who habitually overhauls the Register of deeds in search of defects in titles, whereon to stir up strife, and put money in his pocket? A moral tone ought to be
18、introduced into the profession, which should drive such men out of it.21 How does the author think of himself?（A）He is good at spontaneous speaking.（B） He is an excellent and moral lawyer.（C） He works very hard to win the suit.（D）He has not only experienced success but also failure.22 According to t
19、he passage, the lawyer should（A）make thorough preparations in order to get more business.（B） practice and depend on speechmaking to become an excellent lawyer.（C） write the declaration at once when he has enough facts, dealing with ordinary cases.（D）examine the law book and document the resource of
20、authority when concerning a law point.23 By saying “the nominal winner is often a real loser“(Paragraph 2), the author means（A）man loses some practical things despite the wining of a suit.（B） man needs to care more about the expense of a suit.（C） the fame is not important for a person.（D）it does not
21、 matter to lose a suit.24 The most vicious lawyers are those who（A）are careless and make mistakes in the court.（B） draw people into a lawsuit in order to earn money.（C） are not peacemakers when disputes appear among neighbors.（D）cannot help winning the case when people pay a lot of money.25 It can b
22、e inferred from the passage that the author wants to（A）criticize the vicious lawyers.（B） recall his own life as a lawyer.（C） give advice to young lawyers.（D）inform the readers how-to select a lawyer.26 Imagine a world in which there was suddenly no emotiona world in which human beings could feel no
23、love or happiness, no terror or hate. Try to imagine the consequences of such a transformation. People might not be able to stay alive: knowing neither joy nor pleasure, neither anxiety nor fear, they would be as likely to repeat acts that hurt them as acts that were beneficial. They could not learn
24、: they could not benefit from experience because this emotionless world would lack rewards and punishments. Society would soon disappear: people would be as likely to harm one another as to provide help and support. Human relationships would not exist: in a world without friends or enemies, there co
25、uld be no marriage, affection among companions, or bonds among members of groups. Societys economic underpinnings would be destroyed: since earning $10 million would be no more pleasant than earning $10, there would be no incentive to work. In fact, there would be no incentives of any kind. For as w
26、e will see, incentives imply a capacity to enjoy them.In such a world, the chances that the human species would survive are next to zero, because emotions are the basic instrument of our survival and adaptation. Emotions structure the world for us in important ways. As individuals, we categorize obj
27、ects on the basis of our emotions. True we consider the length, shape, size, or texture, but an objects physical aspects are less important than what it has done or can do to ushurt us, surprise us, anger us or make us joyful. We also use categorizations coloured by emotions in our families, communi
28、ties, and overall society. Out of our emotional experiences with objects and events comes a social feeling of agreement that certain things and actions are “good“ and others are “bad“, and we apply these categories to every aspect of our social lifefrom what foods we eat and what clothes we wear to
29、how we keep promises and which people our group will accept. In fact, society exploits our emotional reactions and attitudes, such as loyalty, morality, pride, shame, guilt, fear and greed, in order to maintain itself. It gives high rewards to individuals when perform important tasks such as surgery
30、, makes heroes out of individuals for unusual or dangerous achievements such flying fighter planes in a war, and Uses the legal and penal system to make people afraid to engage in antisocial acts.26 The reason why people might not be able to stay alive in a world without emotion is that_.（A）they wou
31、ld not be able to tell the texture of objects（B） they would not know what was beneficial and what was harmful to them（C） they would not be happy with a life without love（D）they would do things that hurt each others feeling27 According to the passage, peoples learning activities are possible because
32、they_.（A）believe that emotions are fundamental for them to stay alive（B） benefit from rewarded for doing the right thing（C） know what is vital to progress of society（D）enjoy being rewarded for doing the right thing28 It can be inferred from the passage that the economic foundation of society is depe
33、nden on_.（A）the ability to make money（B） the will to work for pleasure（C） the capacity to enjoy incentives（D）the categorizations of our emotional experiences29 Emotions are significant for mans survival and adaptation because_.（A）they provide the means by which people view the size or shape of objec
34、ts（B） they are the basis for the social feeling of agreement by which society is maintained（C） they encourage people to perform dangerous achievements（D）they generate more love than hate among people30 The emotional aspects of an object are more important than its physical aspects in that they_.（A）h
35、elp society exploit its members for profit（B） encourage us to perform important tasks（C） help to perfect the legal and penal system（D）help us adapt our behaviour to the world surrounding us30 In the 1960s, Perus sugar industry was among the most efficient in the world. It was all downhill thereafter
36、. A military government expropriated the sugar estates on the country s north coast, turning them into government-owned co-operatives. Having peaked at 1m tonnes in 1975, output fell to 400,000 tonnes by the early 1990s. But since then the sugar industry has passed into private hands again. Over the
37、 past decade production has returned to its historic peakand is now set to boom. The change has been gradual. The government has sold its stake in the industry in tranches. But now investors are piling in. As in other parts of South and Central America they are attracted by higher prices for sugar b
38、ecause of its use for ethanol. Industry sources predict that land under sugar will expand by 10,000 hectares (25,000 acres) a year, more than doubling output over the next decade. That would turn Peru into an exporterthough not on the scale of Brazil or Colombia. Last year, local investors secured a
39、 controlling stake in Casa Grande, the largest sugar plantation. Bioterra, a Spanish company, plans a $ 90m ethanol plant nearby. Maple, a Texas company, has bought 10,600 hectares of land in the northern department of Piura. Its plans call for an investment of $120m and ethanol production of 120m l
40、itres a year. Brazilian and Ecuadorean investors are also active. Part of the attraction is that Peru has signed a free-trade agreement with the United States. Provided that it can satisfy the concerns of the new Democratic-controlled Congress in Washington D. C., about the enforcement of labour rig
41、hts, this agreement should be approved later this year. It would render permanent existing trade preferences under which ethanol from Peru can enter the United States dutyfree. By contrast, ethanol exported from Brazil, the worlds biggest producer, must pay a tariff of 54 cents a gallon. Two harsh r
42、ealities might sour these sweet dreams. Colombia, Central America and the Dominican Republic all enjoy similar preferences and have similar plans. Colombia already produces 360m litres a year of ethanol, much of it for export. The second question is whether sugara thirsty cropis the best use of Peru
43、s desert coastal strip, with its precarious water supply. One of the countrys achievements of the past decade has been the private sectors development of new export crops. It would be ironic if these businesses were threatened by sugars privatisation. 31 What information does not provide in the firs
44、t paragraph?（A）Perus sugar industry was very successful in 1960s.（B） Some sugar estates on the countrys north coast used to be government-owned.（C） During the period of government owned, the sugar industry underwent a period of development.（D）There must be revolutions in 1960s.32 Base on the second
45、paragraph, we can learn that_.（A）the investors are not so interested in buying the stake（B） the ethanol sources attract a lot of investors（C） the land under sugar expand by 2.5 times of last year（D）Perus export on sugar is next to that of Brazil and Colombia33 Which of the following statements is no
46、t true according to the text?（A）Many famous companies invest on sugar production.（B） The free-trade agreement with the United States is a kind of security on international trade.（C） Politics and economy are interactional.（D）The enforcement of labour rights has been achieved while the author writing
47、this text.34 The word “precarious“ (Paragraph 5) most probably means_.（A）unstable（B） barren（C） plenty（D）cautious35 Which of the following is the best title for this text?（A）How to Make Ethanol from Sugar（B） The Historical Development of Sugar Industry of Peru（C） Politics Can Improve the Development
48、of Interactional Trade（D）The Conflict between Government-owned and Privatization36 The consequences of heavy drinking are well documented: failing health, broken marriages, regrettable late-night phone calls. But according to Gregory Luzaichs calculations, there can be a downside to modest drinking,
49、 toothough one that damages the wallet, not the liver.The Pek Wine Steward prevents wine from spoiling by injecting argon, an inert gas, into the bottle before sealing it airtight with silicon. Mr. Luzaich, a mechanical engineer in Windsor, Califin the Sonoma County wine countryfirst tallied the costs of his reasonable consumption in October 2001. “Id like to come home in the evening and have a glass of wine with di
