1、考研英语（一）模拟试卷 115 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 1 It is often observed that the aged spend much time thinking and talking about their past lives, (1)_ about the future. These remin
2、iscences are not simply random or trivial memories, (2)_ is their purpose merely to make conversation. The old persons recollections of the past help to (3)_ an identity that is becoming increasingly fragile: (4)_ any role that brings respect or any goal that might provide (5)_ to the future, the in
3、dividual mentions their past as a reminder to listeners, that here was a life (6)_ living. (7)_, the memories form part of a continuing life (8)_, in which the old person (9)_ the events and experiences of the years gone by and (10)_ on the overall meaning of his or her own almost completed life.As
4、the life cycle (11)_ to its close, the aged must also learn to accept the reality of their own impending death. (12)_ this task is made difficult by the fact that death is almost a (13)_ subject in the United States. The mere discussion of death is often regarded as (14)_ As adults many of us find t
5、he topic frightening and are (15)_ to think about itand certainly not to talk about it (16)_ the presence of someone who is dying. Death has achieved this taboo (17)_ only in the modern industrial societies. There seems to be an important reason for our reluctance to (18)_ the idea of death. It is t
6、he very fact that death remains (19)_ our control; it is almost the only one of the natural processes (20)_ is so.（A）better than（B） rather than（C） less than（D）other than（A）so（B） even（C） nor（D）hardly（A）preserve（B） conserve（C） resume（D）assume（A）performing（B） playing（C） undertaking（D）lacking（A）orientat
7、ion（B） implication（C） succession（D）presentation（A）worthy（B） worth（C） worthless（D）worthwhile（A）In a word（B） In brief（C） In addition（D）In particular（A）prospect（B） impetus（C） impression（D）review（A）integrates（B） incorporates（C） includes（D）interacts（A）reckons（B） counts（C） reflects（D）conceives（A）keeps（B）
8、draws（C） inclines（D）tends（A）Therefore（B） And（C） Yet（D）Otherwise（A）taboo（B） dispute（C） contempt（D）neglect（A）notorious（B） indecent（C） obscure（D）desperate（A）ready（B） willing（C） liable（D）reluctant（A）at（B） on（C） with（D）in（A）status（B） circumstance（C） environment（D）priority（A）encounter（B） confront（C） toler
9、ate（D）expose（A）under（B） above（C） beyond（D）within（A）which（B） what（C） as（D）thatGrammar21 _ when Shanghai was the paradise for imperialist adventurers.（A）Gone are the days（B） Are the days gone（C） Gone the days are（D）Are gone the days22 He would rather_part in such dishonest business deals.（A）resign tha
10、n take（B） resign than to take（C） resign than taking（D）resigning than take23 _both sides accept the agreement _ a lasting peace be established in this region.（A）Only if, will（B） If only, would（C） Should, will（D）Unless, would24 She_fifty or so when I first met her at a conference.（A）had been（B） must b
11、e（C） has been（D）must have been25 If Delia_so much work to do, she would have taken her friend out to dinner.（A）should not have（B） had not had（C） would not have（D）would not have had26 This is one of the questions_at the meeting next week.（A）discussed（B） discussing（C） to be discussed（D）being discussed
12、27 Only after a baby seal is pushed into the sea by its mother_to swim.（A）how will it learn（B） will it learn how（C） it will learn how（D）and it learns how28 _all the help from machines, farming still requires hard work and long hours.（A）With（B） Without（C） Although（D）But for29 I have_interesting books
13、 on natural science.（A）much（B） a lot（C） many a great（D）a great many of30 _, if he doesnt learn he knows nothing.（A）A man is ever so clever（B） Be a man ever so clever（C） So clever as a man ever is（D）No matter how a man is cleverPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions bel
14、ow each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)31 In sixteenth-century Italy and eighteenth-century France, waning prosperity and increasing social unrest led the ruling families to try to preserve their superiority by withdrawing from the lower and middle classes behind barriers of etiquette. In
15、 a prosperous community, on the other hand, polite society soon absorbs the newly rich, and in England there has never been any shortage of books on etiquette for teaching them the manners appropriate to their new way of life.Every code of etiquette has contained three elements= basic moral duties;
16、practical rules which promote efficiency; and artificial, optional graces such as formal compliments to, say, women on their beauty or superiors on their generosity and importance.In the first category are consideration for weak and respect for age. Among the ancient Egyptians the young always stood
17、 in the presence of older people. Among the Mponguwe of Tanzania, the young men bow as they pass the huts of the elders. In England, until about a century ago, young children did not sit in their parents presence without asking permission.Practical rules are helpful in such ordinary occurrences of s
18、ocial life as making proper introductions at parties of other functions so that people can be brought to know each other. Before the invention of the fork, etiquette directed that the fingers should be kept as clean as possible, before the handkerchief came into common use, etiquette suggested that
19、after spitting, a person should rub the spit inconspicuously underfoot.Extremely refined behavior, however, cultivated as an art of gracious living, has been characteristic only of societies with wealth and leisure, which admitted women as the social equals of men. After the fall of Rome, the first
20、European society to regulate behavior in private lift in accordance with a complicated code of etiquette was twelfth-century Provence, in France.Provence had become wealthy. The loads had returned to their castles from the crusades, and there the ideals of chivalry grew up, which emphasized the virt
21、ue and gentleness of women and demanded that a knight should profess a pure and dedicated love to a lady who would be his valiant deeds, though he would never come physically close to her. This was the introduction of the concept of romantic love, which was to influence literature for many hundreds
22、of years and which still lives on in a debased form in simple popular songs and cheap novels today.31 In sixteenth-century Italy and eighteenth-century France, the ruling families（A）tried to destroy the lower and middle classes using etiquette.（B） discriminated against the lower class using etiquett
23、e.（C） tried to teach etiquette to the lower and middle classes.（D）put the middle and working classes into fenced enclosures.32 Every code of etiquette has contained three elements.（A）practical rules, optional moral duties and formal compliments.（B） rules, regulations and requirements.（C） optional mo
24、ral duties, optional practical rules and artificial graces.（D）formal compliments, basic moral duties and practical rule.33 The custom of young men bowing to show respect when passing the dwellings of their elders was cited as a characteristic of（A）the ancient Egyptians.（B） parts of Tanzania.（C） Engl
25、and about a century ago.（D）all societies.34 Etiquette cultivated as art of gracious living（A）has been typical of rich and leisured societies.（B） advocates that women are the same as men.（C） began in nineteenth-century Provence.（D）looks down on extremely refined behaviour.35 The ideals of chivalry de
26、manded that（A）a knight should never have physical relationship with women.（B） a knight should inspire his lady to valiant deeds.（C） a knight should dedicate his valiant deeds to a woman.（D）romantic people should influence literature.36 Misers everywhere: that Mediterranean cruise could be within rea
27、ch at last. Therell be no free ride to the port, and no free food or entertainment on board. The cabin will measure 30 meters square and housekeeping will be extra. But the fiberglass suite is easy to clean, and costs as little as 29 a night.Earlier this year, serial entrepreneur Stelios Haji-Ioanno
28、u, the man who gave Europe its first budget airline, cashed in 14 million of his easyJet shares to fund what he calls a “little shopping spree.“ Boldly expanding his no-frills model into new markets, Stelios (he insists on first-name in formality) plans to open the first easyHotel in London this yea
29、r with prices from 5 a night, an easy Bus fleet and easy Cruise, ready to sail next summer. Also on the list: easy Pizzas and easy Tele com, a mobile-phone service.Can he make it work? The soaring success of easyJet and its rivals was Europes great business story of the late 1990s, and yet more carr
30、iers are emerging to serve the 10 nations that joined the European Union last week. While copycatting the idea may look like a no-brainer, though, some experts doubt Stelioss expansion plans have much of a future. “The no-frills model is very fragile.“ says Chris Voss of London Business School. “Ste
31、lios is applying it rather indiscriminately.“The entrepreneurs record is mixed. He launched easyJet in 1995, when he was 28, and it now has 70 planes and revenues of 932 million last year, up nearly 70 percent from 2002. But his first attempt to clone the no-frills model, a Europe-wide chain of Inte
32、rnet cafes launched at the height of the bubble, has since struggled to make money. His first easy Cinema-tickets for just 50 pence is suffering because big distributors, fearful of undercutting their other business, refuse to allow cheap screenings of new blockbusters.The larger problem: reducing p
33、rices is not enough to make no-frills work. Stelios, for example, likes to sell direct to the customer, preferably online, and avoids corporate accounts on the theory that only individuals care enough about price to be loyal no-kills customers. He chooses only sectors in which the volume of business
34、 will clearly rise as prices fall. Theres no point, say, in offering a cut-rate burial service. Says Stelios: “The demand for funerals isnt going to go upregardless of the price.“36 If one travels on the Mediterranean cruise in the future,（A）he/she will become a cheapskate.（B） it will cost him/her m
35、ore money.（C） it will become more economical.（D）there will be no free services.37 Stelios expands his business following the key principle that（A）it is all about transportation.（B） it provides no first-class service.（C） it lowers the amount of expenditure.（D）it has many chain stores.38 Some experts,
36、 like Chris Voss, think that（A）the no-kills model is very successful.（B） Stelioss expansion plans have great future.（C） Stelios can hardly repeat his soaring success in easy Jet.（D）Stelios is very careful in applying his model.39 Stelios record is listed in order to show that（A）His is very successfu
37、l in running easy Jet.（B） His Internet cafes failed at last.（C） His easy Cinema-tickets ended up nowhere.（D）His attempt to expand the no-frills model is immature.40 What does Stelios mean by talking about funerals?（A）He only chooses the right and suitable sectors.（B） He doesnt like to deal with corp
38、orate customers.（C） The lower price is the key to success.（D）He will not offer a poor-quality service.41 “Worse than useless,“ fumed Darrell Issa, a Republican congressman from California, on March 19th, when the House Judiciary Committee held a hearing on the Immigration and Naturalization Service.
39、 “Terrible, and getting worse,“ added Zoe Lofgren, a Demo critic colleague who has kept a watchful eye on the INS for ten years.Committee members lined up to take swings at James Ziglar, the head of the INS. He explained, somewhat pathetically, that “outdated procedures“ had kept the visa-processing
40、 wheels grinding slowly through a backlog of applications. He also had some new rules in mind to tighten up visas. Speeding up the paperworkand getting more of it on to computersis vital, but the September 11th attacks have exposed the tension between the agencys two jobs: on the one hand enforcing
41、the security of Americas borders, on the other granting privileges such as work permits to foreigners.But other people want more radical changes. James Sensenbrenner, a Republican congressman from Wisconsin, wants to split the INS into two separate bodies, one dealing with border security and the ot
42、her with handling benefits to immigrants. The other approach, favored in the White House, is to treat the two functions as complementary, and to give the INS even more responsibility for security. Under that plan, the INS would merge with the Customs Service, which monitors the 20m shipments of good
43、s brought into America every year, as well as the bags carried in by some 500m visitors. The two agencies would form one large body within the Department of Justice, the current home of the INS. This would cut out some of the duplicated effort at borders, where customs officers and agents from the I
44、NSs Border Patrol often rub shoulders but do not work together.Mr. Bushwho has said that the news of the visa approvals left him “plenty hot“was expected to give his approval. The senate, however, may not be quite so keen. The Justice Department could have trouble handling such a merger, let alone t
45、aking on the considerable economic responsibilities of the Customs Service, which is currently part of the Treasury.The senate prefers yet another set of security recommendations, including links between the databases of different agencies that hold security and immigration information, and scanners
46、 at ports of entry to check biometric data recorded on immigration documents. These ideas are embodied in a bill sponsored by members of both parties, but are currently held up by Robert Byrd, the chairman of the Senate Appropriations Committee, who worries that there has not been enough debate on t
47、he subject. Mr. Ziglar, poor chap, may feel there has been more than enough.41 We can learn from the first paragraph that INS _.（A）will be subjected to strong criticisms.（B） has become the public laughing stock.（C） will take up economic responsibilities.（D）has won the support from Mr. Bush.42 Beside
48、s dealing with border security, INS also _.（A）keeps a watchful eye on itself.（B） grants.privileges to immigrants.（C） monitors shipments of goods.（D）takes advantage of computers.43 The chairman of the Senate Appropriations Committee will leave the issue of INS unsettled because _.（A）the exclusive res
49、ponsibility of INS is for border security.（B） he figured out some new rules in mind to tight up visas.（C） sufficient debate is anxiously required for a final solution.（D）most congressmen hold unfavorable opinions on INS.44 Suggestions have been raised on the issue of INS except _.（A）charges launched against its head.（B） its merging with the Customs Service.（C） other security recommendations.（D）its separatio
