1、考研英语（一）模拟试卷 181 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 0 Currently, the ability to understand others and communicate effectively with others is considerably neglected by many because most
2、 often we are too self-centered. However, we live in a society, which requires mutual understanding and support. Therefore, only tolerance and inclusiveness rather than rejection can create a harmonious setting for everyone.The celebration of the New Year is the oldest one of all holidays. It was fi
3、rst【B1】_ in 【B2】_ Babylon about 4,000 years ago. New Years Day is an【B3】_ national holiday, and banks and offices will be closed. Many families have New Years Day【B4】_.Traditionally, it was thought that it could【B5】_ the luck they would have【B6】_ the coming year by【B7 】_ they did or ate on the first
4、 day of the year. For that reason, it has become common for【B8】_ to celebrate the first few minutes of a【B9】_ new year in the【B10】_ with the family and friends. Parties often last into the middle of the night after the ringing of a new year. It was once believed that the first visitor on New Years D
5、ay would bring【B11】_ good luck or bad luck to the rest of the year. It was particularly lucky if that visitor【B12 】_ to be a tall dark-haired man.Traditional New Years【B13】_ are also thought to bring luck. People in many parts of the US celebrate the New Year by【B14 】_ black-eyed peas and cabbage. B
6、lack-eyed peas have been considered good luck in many cultures. Cabbage leaves are considered a 【B15】_ of prosperity, being【B16】_ of paper currency. Other traditions of the season include the making of New Years resolutions. That tradition also【B17】_ back to the early Babylonians. Popular modern res
7、olutions might include the【B18】_ to lose weight or quit smoking.The song, “Auld Lang Syne“, is sung at the【B19】_ of midnight in almost every English-speaking country in the world to bring in the New Year. “ Auld Lang Syne“ literally【B20】_ “yearning for the old days.“1 【B1 】（A）remarked（B） commented（C
8、） observed（D）viewed2 【B2 】（A）prehistoric（B） ancient（C） past（D）old3 【B3 】（A）official（B） regional（C） private（D）financial4 【B4 】（A）expenses（B） sacrifices（C） get-togethers（D）pursuits5 【B5 】（A）recall（B） affect（C） compromise（D）enhance6 【B6 】（A）throughout（B） during（C） through（D）within7 【B7 】（A）which（B） mea
9、ns（C） when（D）what8 【B8 】（A）folks（B） adults（C） ghosts（D）farmers9 【B9 】（A）logo（B） trademark（C） calendar（D）brand10 【B10 】（A）firm（B） company（C） corporation（D）venture11 【B11 】（A）neither（B） not（C） either（D）but12 【B12 】（A）happened（B） occurred（C） took place（D）broke out13 【B13 】（A）beverage（B） feedback（C） ban
10、quets（D）foods14 【B14 】（A）steaming（B） picking（C） consuming（D）roasting15 【B15 】（A）symbol（B） mark（C） hint（D）sign16 【B16 】（A）genetic（B） representative（C） gorgeous（D）strict17 【B17 】（A）emerges（B） exempts（C） dates（D）departs18 【B18 】（A）pronunciation（B） revenge（C） review（D）promise19 【B19 】（A）stroke（B） status
11、（C） stereotype（D）stride20 【B20 】（A）fuses（B） means（C） coincides（D）generatesPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)20 Menorca or Majorca? It is that time of the year again. The brochures are piling up in travel agents
12、while newspapers and magazines bulge with advice about where to go. But the traditional packaged holiday, a British innovation that provided many timid natives with their first experience of warm sand, is not what it was. Indeed, the industry is anxiously awaiting a High Court ruling to find out exa
13、ctly what it now is.Two things have changed the way Britons research and book their holidays: low-cost airlines and the Internet. Instead of buying a ready-made package consisting of a flight, hotel, car hire and assorted entertainment from a tour operators brochure, it is now easy to put together a
14、 trip using an online travel agent like Expedia or Travelocity, which last July bought L for 577 million ($1 billion) , or from the proliferating websites of airlines, hotels and car-rental firms.This has led some to sound the death knell for high-street travel agents and tour operators. There have
15、been upheavals and closures, but the traditional firms are starting to fight back, in part by moving more of their business online. First Choice Holidays, for instance, saw its pre-tax profit rise by 16% to 114 million ($196 million) in the year to the end of October. Although the overall number of
16、holidays booked has fallen, the company is concentrating on more valuable long-haul and adventure trips. First Choice now sells more than half its trips directly, either via the Internet, over the telephone or from its own travel shops. It wants that to reach 75% within a few years.Other tour operat
17、ors are showing similar hustle. MyTravel managed to cut its loss by almost half in 2005. Thomas Cook and Thomson Holidays, now both German owned, are also bullish about the coming holiday season. High-street travel agents are having a tougher time, though, not least because many leading tour operati
18、ons have cut the commissions they pay.Some high-street travel agents are also learning to live with the Internet, helping people book complicated trips that they have researched online, providing advice and tacking on other services. This is seen as a growth area. But if an agent puts together separ
19、ate flights and hotel accommodation, is that a package, too?The Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) says it is and the agent should hold an Air Travel Organisers Licence, which provides financial guarantees to repatriate people and provide refunds. The scheme dates from the early 1970s, when some large B
20、ritish travel firms went bust, stranding customers on the Costas. Although such failures are less common these days, the CAA had to help out some 30,000 people last year. The Association of British Travel Agents went to the High Court in November to argue such bookings are not traditional packages a
21、nd so do not require agents to acquire the costly licences. While the court decides, millions of Britons will happily click away buying online holidays, unaware of the difference.21 Based on the first paragraph, the best title of the text could be_.（A）An Annual Holiday（B） A High Court Ruling（C） A Ne
22、w Package（D）A British Innovation22 According to the text, the shift in the method of holiday booking in UK is associated with_.（A）the popularity of electronics（B） the costly licences（C） car rental firms（D）the traditional ideology23 According to the text, which of the following is true?（A）To put toge
23、ther a trip using a traditional travel agent is not hard at present.（B） To sound the death knell for tour operator is unacceptable and inhumane.（C） Some high-street travel agents defy the model of surviving with the internet.（D）Traditional tour firms grapple with the internet.24 The word “hustle“ in
24、 the topic sentence of the fourth paragraph most probably denotes_.（A）demand（B） hostility（C） sale（D）prejudice25 According to the first and last paragraphs, which of the following is still in suspense?（A）A legal definition.（B） A congestion charge.（C） Financial guarantee.（D）An adventure trip.25 They m
25、ay not be the richest, but Africans remain the worlds staunchest optimists. An annual survey by Gallup International, a research outfit, shows that, when asked whether this year will be better than last, Africa once again comes out on top. Out of 52,000 people interviewed all over the world, under h
26、alf believe that things are looking up. But in Africa the proportion is close to 60%almost twice as much as in Europe.Africans have some reasons to be cheerful. The continents economy has been doing fairly well with South Africa, the economic powerhouse, growing steadily over the past few years. Som
27、e of Africas long-running conflicts, such as the war between the north and south in Sudan and the civil war in Congo, have ended. Africa even has its first elected female head of state, in Liberia.Yet there is no shortage of downers too. Most of Africa remains dirt poor. Crises in places like Cote d
28、Ivoire, Sierra Leone and Zimbabwe are far from solved. And the democratic credentials of Ethiopia and Uganda, once the darlings of western donors, have taken a bad knock. AIDS killed over 2 million Africans in 2005, and will kill more this year.So is it all just a case of irrational exuberance? Meri
29、l James of Gallup argues that there is, in fact, usually very little relation between the surveys optimism rankings and reality. Africans, this year led by Nigerians, are consistently the most upbeat, whether their lot gets better or not. On the other hand, Greece hardly the worst place on earthtops
30、 the gloom-and-doom chart, followed closely by Portugal and France.Ms James speculates that religion may have a lot to do with it. Nine out of ten Africans are religious, the highest proportion in the world. But cynics argue that most Africans believe that 2006 will be golden because things have bee
31、n so bad that it is hard to imagine how they could possibly get worse. This may help explain why places that have suffered recent misfortunes, such as Kosovo and Afghanistan, rank among the top five optimists. Moussaka for thought for those depressed Greeks.26 The statistics are employed in the firs
32、t paragraph so as to indicate sort of（A）disparity（B） numbness（C） conformity（D）stagnation27 It can be inferred from the fourth paragraph of the text that African optimism is_.（A）detrimental（B） fragile（C） transient（D）constant28 The conclusion made by Ms James, according to the text, is_.（A）tentative（B
33、） immutable（C） impeccable（D）moderate29 The tone of the author in discussing African status can be defined as being_.（A）radical（B） impartial（C） hesitant（D）self-centered30 France is mentioned in the text with the aim to_.（A）contrast Nigerians and French（B） defend Meril James remarks（C） attach importan
34、ce to the gloom-and-doom chart（D）refute Ms James concept of religion30 “This is a really exciting timea new era is starting,“ says Peter Bazalgette, the chief creative officer of Endemol, the television company behind “Big Brother“ and other popular shows. He is referring to the upsurge of interest
35、in mobile television, a nascent industry at the intersection of telecoms and media which offers new opportunities to device-makers, content producers and mobile-network operators. And he is far from alone in his enthusiasm.Already, many mobile operators offer a selection of television channels or in
36、dividual shows, which are “streamed“ across their third-generation (3G) networks. In Korea, television is also sent to mobile phones via satellite and terrestrial broadcast networks, which is far more efficient than sending video across mobile networks; similar broadcasts will begin in Japan in Apri
37、l. In Europe, the Italian arm of 3, a mobile operator, recently acquired Canale 7, a television channel, with a view to launching mobile-TV broadcasts in Italy in the second half of 2006. Similar mobile-TV networks will also be built in Finland and America, and are being tested in many other countri
38、es.Meanwhile, Apple Computer, which launched a video-capable version of its iPod portable music-player in October, is striking deals with television networks to expand the range of shows that can be purchased for viewing on the device, including “Lost“, “Desperate Housewives“ and “Law others are usi
39、ng special measures to crack down. This summer, tickets to the soccer World Cup in Germany will include the name and passport number of the original purchaser and embedded chips that match the buyer to the tickets.Then there are legal worries. In America, more than a dozen states have anti-scalping
40、laws of various kinds. New Mexico forbids the reselling of tickets for college games; Mississippi does so for all events on government-owned property. Such laws are often ignored, but can still bite. In Massachusetts, where reselling a ticket for more than $2 above face value is unlawful, one fan br
41、ought a lawsuit last autumn against 16 companies (including StubHub) over his pricey Red Sox tickets.36 UK is mentioned in the text with the intention to_.（A）define re-selling tickets for profits（B） stress the prosperity of the industry（C） shed light on the booming of scalping（D）cast doubt on the pr
42、ofits of online ticket market37 In both the second and the third paragraphs, the author employs which of the following writing device?（A）Emphasis.（B） Contrast.（C） Exaggeration.（D）Interrogation.38 The word “juicy“ in the last sentence of the second paragraph most probably denotes_.（A）succulent（B） int
43、eresting（C） lucrative（D）liquid39 Severe measures to discourage re-selling tickets for profits are illustrated with_.（A）U2 concert（B） Super Bowl in early February（C） Rolling Stones concerts（D）the soccer World Cup in Germany40 It can be inferred from the last paragraph that_.（A）more than a dozen state
44、s in US have anti-scalping laws of various kinds（B） there are still legal worries about the American reselling tickets for a profit（C） most states in US have yet to show positive response in crackdown on ticket touting（D）16 companies were taken to court by one fan for reselling a ticket for more tha
45、n $2 above face valuePart B (10 points) 40 AThink about how your attitude change will affect your lifeBLook for a role modelCBe clear about your traitsDIdentify and understand what you want to changeEBelieve that you are able to changeFGet rid of the pessimistic friendsGChoose the right company“Our
46、attitude toward life determines lifes attitude towards us.“ Weve all heard about the power of our attitude, and that its our attitude that determines how much we succeed in life.If you look around you, you will see that people with a positive attitude enjoy life more and are generally happier and mo
47、re successful than those who walk around grumpy and pessimistic. Our attitude is the driving force in our livesit can either push you to do great things or pull you down to your demise.All the things that you have been through, all the people you have met and interacted with can have an impact on yo
48、ur attitude. If you think that all these factors have molded you into a person with a poor attitude towards life, there is no need to worry as there is always an opportunity for change. Let me share with you how I did it.【R1 】_The first step towards change is clearly understanding what needs to be c
49、hanged. Setting clear goals is the key to success in any endeavor. When it comes to changing your attitude, you need to do an honest and in-depth self-evaluation so you could point out exactly which of your traits need to be improved or totally changed.【R2 】_We all need to know that what were trying to accomplish can in fact be achieved; that we can
