1、考研英语（一）模拟试卷 30 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 0 So what is depression? Depression is often more about anger turned【C1 】_than it is about sadness. But its usually【C2】_as sadness. D
2、epression can【C3】_at all ages, from childhood to old age, and its the United States No.【C4】_problem. When someone is depressed, her behavior【C5 】_change and she loses interest in activities she【C6】_enjoyed (like sports, music, friendships). The sadness usually lasts every day for most of the day and
3、 for two weeks or more.What【C7 】 _depression? A【C8】_event can certainly bring【C9】_depression, but some will say it happens【C10】_a specific cause. So how do you know if youre just having a bad day【C11】_are really depressed? Depression affects your【C12】_, moods, behavior and even your physical health.
4、 These changes often go【C13】_or are labeled【C14】_simply a bad case of the blues.Someone whos truly【C15】_depression will have【C16】_periods of crying spells, feelings of【C17】_(like not being able to change your situation) and【C18】_(like youll feel this way forever) , irritation or agitation. A depress
5、ed person often【 C19】_from others. Depression seldom goes away by itself, and the greatest【C20】_of depression is suicide. The risk of suicide increases if the depression isnt treated.1 【C1 】（A）on（B） down（C） inward（D）up2 【C2 】（A）depicted（B） reported（C） prohibited（D）expressed3 【C3 】（A）happen（B） convey
6、（C） fade（D）deteriorate4 【C4 】（A）social（B） academic（C） literary（D）health5 【C5 】（A）patterns（B） links（C） intuition（D）conscientiousness6 【C6 】（A）mostly（B） once（C） fairly（D）desperately7 【C7 】（A）cures（B） checks（C） triggers（D）logs8 【C8 】（A）solemn（B） sarcastic（C） slender（D）stressful9 【C9 】（A）on（B） around（C）
7、 up（D）under10 【C10 】（A）via（B） without（C） due to（D）out of11 【C11 】（A）or（B） hut（C） and（D）while12 【C12 】（A）monopoly（B） motion（C） thoughts（D）association13 【C13 】（A）underestimated（B） unsettled（C） unexpected（D）unrecognized14 【C14 】（A）by（B） as（C） in（D）for15 【C15 】（A）battling（B） substituting（C） reproaching（
8、D）menacing16 【C16 】（A）justified（B） extended（C） identified（D）matched17 【C17 】（A）selfishness（B） helplessness（C） strategy（D）emotion18 【C18 】（A）vibration（B） vicinity（C） reservation（D）hopelessness19 【C19 】（A）withdraws（B） overwhelms（C） invades（D）exploits20 【C20 】（A）fabric（B） patent（C） danger（D）passionPart
9、 ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)20 September 11th. 2001 drew the transatlantic alliance together; but the mood did not last, and over the five years since it has pulled ever further apart. A recent poll for the Ge
10、rman Marshall Fund shows that 57% of Europeans regard American leadership in world affairs as “undesirable“. The Iraq war is mainly to blame. But there is another and more intractable reason for the growing division; God.Europeans worry that American foreign policy under George Bush is too influence
11、d by religion. The “holy warriors“ who hijacked the planes on September 11th reintroduced God into international affairs in the most dramatic of ways. It seems that George Bush is replying in kind, encouraging a clash of religions that could spell global catastrophe.Dominique Moisi, a special advise
12、r at the French Institute for International Relations, argues that “the combination of religion and nationalism in America is frightening. We feel betrayed by God and by nationalism, which is why we are building the European Union as a barrier to religious warfare. “ Josef Braml, of the German Insti
13、tute for International and Security Affairs, complains that in America “religious attitudes have more of an influence on political choices than in any other western democracy. “The notion that America is too influenced by religion is not confined to the elites. Three in five French people and nearly
14、 as many Dutch think that Americans are too religiousand that religion skews what should be secular decisions. Europeans who think that America is “too religious“ are more inclined to anti-Americanism than their fellow countrymen. 38% of Britons have an unfavourable view of America, but that number
15、rises to 50% among people who are wary of American religiosity.Is America engaged in a faith-based foreign policy? Religion certainly exerts a growing influence on its actions in the world, but in ways more subtle and complicated than Europeans imagine. It is true that America is undergoing a religi
16、ous revival. “Hot“ religions such as evangelical Protestantism and hardline Catholicism are growing rapidly while “cool“ mainline versions of Christianity are declining. It is also true that the Republican Party is being reshaped by this revival. Self-identified evangelicals provided almost 40% of M
17、r. Bushs vote in 2004; if you add in other theological conservatives, such as Mormons and traditional Catholics, that number rises closer to 60%. All six top Republican leaders in the Senate have earned 100% ratings from the Christian Coalition.It is also true that Mr. Bush frequently uses religious
18、 rhetoric when talking of foreign affairs. On September 12th he was at it again, telling a group of conservative journalists that he sees the war on terror as “a confrontation between good and evil“, and remarking, “It seems to me that theres a Third Awakening“ (in other words, an outbreak of Christ
19、ian evangelical fervour, of the sort that has swept across America at least twice before). And Christian America overall is taking a bigger interest in foreign policy. New voices are being heard, such as Sam Brownback, a conservative senator from Kansas who has led the fight against genocide in Darf
20、ur, and Rick Warren, the author of a bestseller called “The Purpose-Driven Life“, who is sending 2,000 missionaries to Rwanda.Finally, it is true that religious figures have done some pretty outrageous things. Pat Robertson called for the assassination of Hugo Ch vez, the president of Venezuela. Lie
21、utenant-General William “Jerry“ Boykin, deputy under-secretary of defence for intelligence, toured the country telling Christian groups that radical Muslims hate America “because were a Christian nation and the enemy is a guy named Satan“. He often wore uniform.21 The increasing transatlantic schism
22、, according to the text, results from_.（A）terrorist attacks（B） American reliance on deity（C） intractable reason（D）multiple factors22 The phrase “in kind“ in the last sentence of the second paragraph most probably denotes（A）with something tender（B） with kindness（C） out of charity impulse（D）with somet
23、hing similar23 The view mentioned in the third paragraph at least prevail among_.（A）the European Union（B） the religious establishment（C） the special adviser（D）the elites24 With which of the following statements would the author be most likely to agree?（A）Americas foreign policy seems strongly influe
24、nced by religion. But that influence is much more complex than its critics suppose.（B） In the world of good and evil American foreign policy is bound to be fruitless.（C） The growing disparity which is created by God has been existing. But the gulf of the transatlantic alliance will be bridged.（D）Rel
25、igious figures have made some pretty outrageous things that could be compromised by means non-violent means.25 The author evidences his own notion by advancing_.（A）four facts（B） far-fetched pretexts（C） random hypothesis（D）powerful preachers25 It is no longer just dirty blue-collar jobs in manufactur
26、ing that are being sucked offshore but also white-collar service jobs, which used to be considered safe from foreign competition. Telecoms charges have tumbled, allowing workers in far-flung locations to be connected cheaply to customers in the developed world. This has made it possible to offshore
27、services that were once non-tradable. Morgan Stanleys Mr. Roach has been drawing attention to the fact that the “global labour arbitrage“ is moving rapidly to the better kinds of jobs. It is no longer just basic data processing and call centres that are being outsourced to low-wage countries, but al
28、so software programming, medical diagnostics, engineering design, law, accounting, finance and business consulting. These can now be delivered electronically from anywhere in the world, exposing skilled white-collar workers to greater competition.The standard retort to such arguments is that outsour
29、cing abroad is too small to matter much. So far fewer than lm American service-sector jobs have been lost to off-shoring. Forrester Research forecasts that by 2015 a total of 3. 4m jobs in services will have moved abroad, but that is tiny compared with the 30m jobs destroyed and created in America e
30、very year. The trouble is that such studies allow only for the sorts of jobs that are already being off-shored, when in reality the proportion of jobs that can be moved will rise as IT advances and education improves in emerging economies.Alan Blinder, an economist at Princeton University, believes
31、that most economists are underestimating the disruptive effects of off-shoring, and that in future two to three times as many service jobs will be susceptible to off-shoring as in manufacturing. This would imply that at least 30% of all jobs might be at risk. In practice the number of jobs off-shore
32、d to China or India is likely to remain fairly modest. Even so, the mere threat that they could be shifted will depress wages.Moreover, says Mr. Blinder, education offers no protection. Highly skilled accountants, radiologists or computer programmers now have to compete with electronically delivered
33、 competition from abroad, whereas humble taxi drivers, janitors and crane operators remain safe from off-shoring. This may help to explain why the real median wage of American graduates has fallen by 6% since 2000, a bigger decline than in average wages.In the 1980s and early 1990s, the pay gap betw
34、een low-paid, low-skilled workers and high-paid, high-skilled workers widened significantly. But since then, according to a study by David Autor, Lawrence Katz and Melissa Kearney, in America, Britain and Germany workers at the bottom as well as at the top have done better than those in the middle-i
35、ncome group. Office cleaning cannot be done by workers in India. It is the easily standardised skilled jobs in the middle, such as accounting, that are now being squeezed hardest. A study by Bradford Jensen and Lori Kletzer, at the Institute for International Economics in Washington D. C. , confirms
36、 that workers in tradable services that are exposed to foreign competition tend to be more skilled than workers in non-tradable services and tradable manufacturing industries.26 To offshore services that were once non-tradable results from_.（A）the blue-collar job market（B） the geographic location of
37、 the underdeveloped world（C） the fierce competition among skilled workers（D）the dive of telecoms fee27 Which of the following statements is the typical reply concerning off-shoring?（A）Service-sector has sustained a great loss.（B） White-collar workers will not have a narrow escape.（C） Most economists
38、 underestimated the effects of off-shoring.（D）Outsourcing abroad has no significant impact.28 According to the text, Forrester Research Prediction might be different if_.（A）outsourcing abroad is large enough to matter much（B） the proportion of jobs that can be moved will rise（C） more comprehensive f
39、actors are taken into account（D）education improvement in emerging economies plays a role29 The narrative of the text in the last three paragraphs concentrates on_.（A）the standard retort to the arguments（B） off-shoring and the resulting income（C） the future off-shoring（D）the counter-measures at hand3
40、0 Which of the following could be the best title for the text?（A）Business consulting.（B） Blue-collar jobs.（C） Non-tradable services.（D）White-collar blues.30 Few beyond Californias technology crowd recognise the name Larry Sonsini; none within its circle could fail to. For four decades he has been la
41、wyer, adviser and friend to many prominent companies and investors. Some consider him the most powerful person in Silicon Valley. Companies beg for his law firm to represent them. The 65-year-old chairman of Wilson Sonsini Goodrich and more recently, as outside counsel to Hewlett-Packard (HP), for i
42、nitially defending the boards dubious investigative practices.WSG work by younger artists such as Surendran Nair and Shibu Natesan beat estimates by more than 70%. Sothebys and Christies have auctions in New York next week, each with a Tyeb Mehta that is expected to fetch more than $1 million. The r
43、eal question is the fate of other works, including some by Mr. Souza with estimates of up to $ 600,000. If they do well, it will demonstrate that there is strong demand and will pull up prices across the board. This looks like a market with a long way to run.36 It can be inferred from the second par
44、agraph that the recent rapid development of Indian modern art is closely associated with_.（A）economic boom（B） real estate（C） electronic element（D）international action37 According to the second paragraph, the expensive art can be seen as an ideal means of（A）triumph（B） appreciation（C） assessment（D）inv
45、estment38 Which of the following is true according to the text?（A）People attached importance to modern Indian art long before the end of 1980s.（B） Rich Indians, particularly those living abroad, had a strong passion for modern Indian art for ages.（C） Prices at the emerging market of modern art had b
46、een climbing and then declining.（D）Rich Indians did not show interest in modern Indian art until the end of the 1990s.39 According to the text, the fortune of such works as Mr. Souzas can exert an influence on_.（A）the creation of modern art（B） production of younger artists（C） the strong rejection of
47、 market policy（D）the value of Indian modern art40 The authors narrative in the text centers on_.（A）the profits brought about by a pretty picture（B） why Indian modern art is booming（C） the Success of Indian software and “business-process outsourcing“ firms（D）how wealthy Indians evaluate Indian modern
48、 artPart B (10 points) 40 A What route does HIV take after it enters the body to destroy the immune system?B How and when did the long-standing belief concerning AIDS and HIV crop up?C What is the most effective anti-HIV therapy?D How does HIV subvert the immune system?E In the absence of a vaccine,
49、 how can HIV be stopped?F Why does AIDS predispose infected persons to certain types of cancer and infections?In the 20 years since the first cases of AIDS were detected, scientists say they have learned more about this viral disease than any other.Yet Peter Piot, who directs the United Nations AIDS program, and Stefano Vella of Rome, president of the International AIDS Society, and other experts say reviewing u
