1、考研英语（一）模拟试卷 94 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 1 The key position and role of women in the process of development is increasingly being recognized. (1)_ the three great World Confe
2、rences of Women were more concerned (2)_ recognizing and compiling approaches to (3)_, we can currently confirm a general sharpening of awareness. It has become clear that the Third World Cultures, in earlier times strongly matriarchal, have been weakened (4)_ this respect by the methods of colonial
3、 education which are almost (5)_ directed towards the male. Of the many criticisms of this situation let one voice be heard: “Development education groups and programmes are very much (6)_ and lack womans perspective“. So, too, the hopes placed in vocational training“vocationalization“as an aid to e
4、quality have been disappointed since this in its turn was to large extent focused on the male.In these circumstances we should not be surprised that until now women have (7)_ at least in the educational processes which have been introduced. Only 20% attend primary school and the (8)_ of those who le
5、ave early is highest (9)_ girls. Because of the lack of basic training only around 10% take part in Adult Education programmes. Hence it is vitally important to (10)_ a turning-point by increasing the (11)_ of the need (12)_ education.Hence even Primary Education for girls should be (13)_ towards th
6、e basic needs and necessities and provide answers which are as simple as possible. In rural districts such answers will be different from those (14)_ in urban areas. The education of girls and women must to a large degree be an education for the life they will lead, tailored (15)_ a womans position.
7、 In saying this we are in fact demanding that the education of women, like all educational work in the Third World, should be an (16)_ part of the community. (17)_ there are many partners in this process school, family, small businesses, governmental and non-governmental organizations. The education
8、al skill (18)_ keeping this interplay active in such a way that there is no deficiency in material content. An important consequence of this is the (19)_ of the desire to question, which, on the one hand, presses for further education and on the other for its (20)_ application.（A）Although（B） For（C）
9、Nevertheless（D）Because（A）with（B） of（C） upon（D）over（A）salvage（B） revolution（C） liberty（D）liberation（A）in（B） of（C） upon（D）with（A）specially（B） distinctively（C） exclusively（D）respectively（A）males-dominating（B） female-dominating（C） male-dominating（D）females-dominating（A）pooled（B） joined（C） taken（D）partic
10、ipated（A）percentage（B） number（C） fraction（D）part（A）in（B） between（C） of（D）among（A）secure（B） strike（C） save（D）hit（A）acknowledgement（B） awareness（C） affirmation（D）agreement（A）for（B） of（C） in（D）with（A）aimed（B） targeted（C） directed（D）manipulated（A）offered（B） provided（C） told（D）given（A）for（B） to（C） with（D
11、）at（A）synthetic（B） combined（C） integrated（D）comprehensive（A）Subsequently（B） Consequently（C） Accordingly（D）Reversely（A）consists of（B） accounts for（C） consists in（D）leads to（A）waking（B） awakening（C） rising（D）arising（A）practical（B） useful（C） material（D）artificialGrammar21 _a new technique, the yields a
12、s a whole increased by 20 percent.（A）Working out（B） Having worked out（C） Having been worked out（D）To have been worked out22 He must have had an accident, or he_here then.（A）should be（B） would be（C） could have been（D）would have been23 Nearly all trees have seeds that fall to the earth, take root, and
13、 eventually _.（A）generate new seeds（B） new seeds generated（C） generates new seeds（D）new seeds are generated24 Had he worked harder, he_ the exams.（A）must have got through（B） would have got through（C） would get through（D）could get through25 _his second heart attack if he hadnt smoked? He might not ha
14、ve.（A）Would he have had（B） Would he have（C） Had he had（D）Were he to have26 _a good student but he also proved himself a good sportsman.（A）He showed himself not only（B） He showed not only himself（C） Not only did he show himself（D）Not only he showed himself27 His composition is better than_in the clas
15、s.（A）anyone（B） anyones（C） anyone else（D）anyone elses28 A given event will be described in several ways by_witnesses.（A）many（B） as many（C） so many（D）same many29 He would have finished his college education, but he_to quit and find a job to support his family.（A）had had（B） has（C） had（D）would have30 Wh
16、ich of the following is INCORRECT?（A）All his lectures were boring.（B） Half his money was gone.（C） Her few friends are all fond of dancing.（D）He invited many his friends to the party.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 po
17、ints)30 In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For questions 1 5, choose the most suitable one from the list AG to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices which you do not need to use.Imagine an Internet where unseen hands curate your entire experience.
18、Where third parties predetermine the news, products and prices you seeeven the people you meet. A world where you think you are making choices, but in reality, your options are narrowed and refined until you are left with merely the illusion of control.This is not far from what is happening today.【R
19、1】 _. Most of us have become unwitting actors in an unfolding drama about the tale of two Internets. There is yours and mine, theirs and ours.Heres how it works. Advertising currently drives the vast majority of the Internet industry by volume of revenue. Silicon Valley is excellent at founding and
20、funding companies that give you free apps and then collect and sell your data when you use them.【R2】_. But increasingly, data collection is leapfrogging well beyond strict advertising and enabling insurance, medical and other companies to benefit from analyzing your personal, highly detailed “Big Da
21、ta“ record without your knowledge. Based on this analysis, these companies then make decisions about youincluding whether you are even worth marketing to at all.As a result, 99 percent of us live on the wrong side of a one-way mirror, in which the other 1 percent manipulates our experiences. Some la
22、ud this trend as “personalization“which sounds harmless and fun, evoking the notion that the ads we see might appear in our favorite color schemes. What we are talking about, however, is much deeper and significantly more consequential.【R3】 _.For the past decade, e-commerce sites have altered prices
23、 based on your Web habits and personal attributes. What is your geography and your past buying history? How did you arrive at the e-commerce site? What time of day are you visiting? An entire literature has emerged on the ethics, legality and economic promise of pricing optimization. And the field i
24、s advancing quickly: last September, Google received a patent on technology that lets a company dynamically price electronic content.【R4】_These blind walls also appear in our digital political lives. As Eli Pariser has observed, the Internet shows us “what it thinks we want to see“ by serving up con
25、tent that matches the hidden profiles created about us based on our daily online interactions.【 R5】_. As Harvard University scholar CassSunstein has written, liberals and conservatives who deliberate questions openly only with people of the same political stripe become more confident and extreme in
26、their views.Segregation and Separation are on the rise. The fun of personalization has a dark side.AFor most of the Internets short history, the primary goal of this data collection was classic product marketing: for example, advertisers might want to show us Manolo Blahniks.BFor instance, it can pu
27、sh the base price of an e-book up if it determines you are more likely to buy that particular item than an average user; conversely, it can adjust the price down as an incentive if you are judged less likely to purchase. And you wont even know you are paying more than others for the exact same item.
28、CGenerally, a political party holds the same ideals and fundamentals. At times, however, individual members of the party may waver on where they stand on smaller subjects. During a political convention, the political party as a group is strongly united in one location and is exposed to many persuasi
29、ve speakers.DThis behind-the-scenes curation reinforces our political points of view through online “echo chambers“ that affirm, instead of challenge, what we already believe to be true.EAfter collecting or analyzing the market data, appropriate advertisements or other marketing materials are sent t
30、o individuals. The market data collection and advertising delivery can be continuously, automatically, scheduled, or periodically updated or sent.FFor example, federal regulations make it illegal to discriminate in pricing access to credit based on certain personal attributes. But, as Natasha Singer
31、 recently reported in the New York Times, technical advances in mining online and offline data have made it possible to skirt the spirit of the law: companies can simply not make any offers to less credit-attractive populations. If you live on the wrong side of the digital tracks, you wont even see
32、a credit offer from leading lending institutions, and you wont realize that loans are available to help you with your current personal or professional priorities.GThanks to technology that enables Google, Facebook and others to gather information about us and use it to tailor the user experience to
33、our own personal tastes, habits and income, the Internet has become a different place for the rich and for the poor.31 【R1 】32 【R2 】33 【R3 】34 【R4 】35 【R5 】35 Sweep a Fuel Craft Invest FeverThe clean-energy business is turning into the next big investment boom, in which risks are lightly ignored. Un
34、til recently, recalls Charlie Gay, a 30-year veteran of the solar-power business, venture capitalists were far too busy catering to captains of the information-technology industry to waste time on “hippy-dippy tree-huggers“ like himself. But now the tree-buggers are in the ascendant and the IT baron
35、s are busy investing in clean-energy technology.Investors are failing over themselves to finance start-ups in clean technology, especially in energy. Venture Business Research reckons that investment in the field by venture capitalists and private-equity firms has quadrupled in the past two years, f
36、rom some $ 500m in 2004 to almost $ 2 billion so far this year. The share of venture capital going into clean energy is rising rapidly.Clean-energy fever is being fuelled by three things: high oil prices, fears over energy security and a growing concern about global warming. The provision of energy,
37、 the industrys cheerleaders say, will change radically over the coming decades. Polluting coal and gas-fired power stations will give way to cleaner alternatives such as solar and wind; fuels derived from plants and waste will replace petrol and diesel; and small, local forms of electricity generati
38、on will replace big power stations feeding far-flung grids. Eventually, it is hoped, fuel cells running on hydrogen will take the place of the internal combustion engine which is available everywhere. It is a bold vision, but if it happens very slowly, or only to a limited extent, boosters argue tha
39、t it will still prompt tremendous growth for firms in the business.Analysts confidently predict the clean-energy business will grow by 20% 30% a year for a decade. Jefferies, an investment bank that organized a recent conference on the industry in London, asked participants how soon solar power woul
40、d become competitive with old-fashioned generation technologies: in 2010, 2015 or 2020. About three-quarters of those present, one visitor happily observed, were “cheque-writers“. This “ megatrend “, the keynote speaker advocated, “may be the biggest job and wealth-creation opportunity of the 21st c
41、entury.“Such exaggeration might remind people of dotcom bubble. But clean-energy advocates insist growth is sustainable because of the likes of Mr. Schwarzenegger. The Governor is a hero in green circles because of his enthusiasm for environmental regulation. He easily won reelection partly because
42、he seized on global warming as a concern and signed into lawAmericas first wide-ranging scheme to cap greenhouse-gas emissions.36 According to the first two paragraphs, we can learn that_.（A）clean energy business is booming while the risks are totally overlooked（B） venture capitalists have wasted mu
43、ch money on “hippy-dippy tree hungers“（C） clean energy business is surging and changes the venture capital market（D）the information-technology industry is correspondingly shrinking fast37 Which of the following is true of Para. 3?（A）Clean energy fever is fuelled mainly by human psychological weaknes
44、s.（B） The energy provision for the coming decades will undergo rapid changes.（C） Hydrogen as a new energy will replace traditional energy forms like coal,and gas.（D）Supporters of clean energy business are pretty optimistic about its future.38 The word “cheque-writers“ (Line 10,Para.4) is closest in
45、meaning to_.（A）tycoons（B） donators（C） investors（D）celebrities39 It can be inferred from the last paragraph that_.（A）clean energy industry and the dotcom industry have the same business model（B） the dotcom industry might have undergone a rapid but unsustainable development（C） Schwarzenegger has insis
46、ted that growth in clean energy business is sustainable（D）global warming has become a popular and decisive issue in political elections40 What is the authors attitude towards clean energy business?（A）Optimistic.（B） Enthusiastic.（C） Objective.（D）Subjective.40 Why Do People Shrink?Did you ever see the
47、 movie Honey, I Shrunk the Kids? Its about wacky dad (whos also a scientist) who accidentally shrinks his kids with his homemade miniaturizing invention. Oops! 41 For older people, shrinking isnt that dramatic or sudden at all. It takes place over years and may add up to only an inch or so off of th
48、eir adult height (maybe a little more, maybe less). And this kind of shrinking cant be magically reversed, although there are things that can be done to stop it or slow it sown. 42There are a few reasons. As people get older, they generally lose some muscle and lat form their bodies as part of the n
49、atural aging process. Gravity (the force that keeps your feet on the ground) takes hold, and the bones in the spine, called vertebrae, may break down or degenerate, and start to collapse into one another. 43 But perhaps the most common reason why some older people shrink is because of osteoporosis.Osteoporosis occurs when too much spongy bone tissue (which is fo
