1、考研英语（二）模拟试卷 10 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 1 The nobler and more perfect a thing is, the later and slower it is becoming mature. A man reaches the mature (1)_ of his reasoning
2、powers and mental faculties (2)_ before the age of twenty-eight; a woman at eighteen. And then, too, in the case of woman, it is the only reason of a sortvery mean in its (3)_. That is why women remain children their whole life long; never seeing (4)_ but what is quite close to them, (5)_ fast to th
3、e present moment, taking appearance for (6)_, and preferring (7)_ to matters of the first importance. For it is (8)_ his reasoning faculty that man does not live in the present only, (9)_ the brute, but looks about him and considers the past anti the future; and this is the origin of (10)_, as well
4、as that of care and anxiety which so many people (11)_. Both the advantages and the disadvantages, which this (12)_, are (13)_ in by the woman to a smaller extent because of her weaker power of reasoning. She may, in fact, be described as intellectually shortsighted, (14)_, while she has an immediat
5、e understanding of what lies quite close to her, her field of (15)_ is narrow and does not reach to what is (16)_; so that things which are absent, or past, or to come, have much less effect upon women than upon men. This is the reason why women are inclined to be (17)_ and sometimes carry their des
6、ire to a (18)_ that borders upon madness. In their hearts, women think it is mens business to earn money and theirs to spend itif possible during their husbands life, (19)_, at any rate, after his death. The very fact that their husband hands them (20)_ his earnings for purposes of housekeeping stre
7、ngthens them in this belief.（A）burden（B） drive（C） stage（D）move（A）barely（B） scarcely（C） rarely（D）hardly（A）dimensions（B） perspectives（C） indices（D）diameters（A）something（B） anything（C） everything（D）nothing（A）fastening（B） sticking（C） taking（D）seeing（A）fancy（B） practice（C） reality（D）illusion（A）fragments（
8、B） trifles（C） remains（D）substances（A）at the mercy of（B） with regard to（C） in the interests of（D）by virtue of（A）above（B） like（C） beside（D）including（A）jealousy（B） generosity（C） identity（D）prudence（A）advocate（B） demonstrate（C） exhibit（D）reveal（A）concerns（B） relates（C） involves（D）retains（A）shared（B） joi
9、ned（C） bound（D）hurried（A）before（B） because（C） unless（D）until（A）sigh（B） vision（C） reach（D）glance（A）obscure（B） invisible（C） remote（D）primitive（A）extravagant（B） extreme（C） credible（D）wretched（A）end（B） limit（C） span（D）length（A）but（B） for（C） though（D）while（A）down（B） over（C） in（D）upPart ADirections: Read
10、the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)20 Take the case of public education alone. The principal difficulty faced by the schools has been the tremendous increase in the number of pupils. This has been caused by the advance of the legal age
11、 for going into industry and the impossibility of finding a job even when the legal age has been reached. In view of the technological improvements in the last few years, business will require in the future proportionately fewer workers than ever before. The result will be still further raising of t
12、he legal age for going into employment, and still further difficulty in finding employment when that age has been attained. If we cannot put our children to work, we must put them in school.We may also be quite confident that the present trend toward a shorter day and a shorter week will be maintain
13、ed. We have developed and shall continue to have a new leisure class. Already the public agencies for adult education are swamped by the tide that has swept over them since the depression began. They will be little better off when it is over. Their support must come from the taxpayer.It is surely to
14、o much to hope that these increases in the cost of public education can be borne by the local communities. They cannot care for the present restricted and inadequate system. The local communities have failed in their efforts to cope with unemployment. They cannot expect to cope with public education
15、 on the scale on which we must attempt it. The answer to the problem of unemployment has been Federal relief. The answer to the problem of public education may have to be much the same, and properly so. If there is one thing in which the citizens of all parts of the country have an interest, it is i
16、n the decent education of the citizens of all parts of the country. Our income tax now goes in part to keep our neighbors alive. It may have to go in part as well to make our neighbors intelligent. We are now attempting to preserve the present generation through Federal relief of the poor. Only a pe
17、ople determined to ruin the next generation will refuse such Federal funds as public education may require.21 What is the passage mainly about?（A）How to persuade local communities to provide more funds.（B） How to cope with the shortage of funds for public education.（C） How to solve the rising unempl
18、oyment problem.（D）How to improve the public education system.22 What is the reason for the increase in the number of students?（A）The requirement of educated workers by business.（B） Raising of the legal age for going to work.（C） The trend toward a shorter workday.（D）Peoples concern for the future of
19、the next generation.23 The public agencies for adult education will be little better off because_.（A）the unemployed are too poor to continue their education（B） a new leisure class has developed（C） they are still suffering from the depression（D）an increase in taxes could be a problem24 According to t
20、he author, the answer to the problem of public education is that the Federal government_.（A）should allocate Federal funds for public education（B） should demand that local communities provide support（C） should raise taxes to meet the needs of public education（D）should first of all solve the problem o
21、f unemployment25 Why does the author say “Only a people determined to ruin the next generation will refuse such Federal funds as public education may require“ (Para. 3)?（A）Because only by appropriating adequate Federal funds for education can the next generation have a bright future.（B） Because citi
22、zens of all parts of the country agree that the best way to support education is to use Federal funds.（C） Because people all over the country should make contributions to education in the interest of the next generation.（D）Because educated people are determined to use part of the Federal funds to he
23、lp the poor.25 The outcry over internet firms habit of surreptitiously tracking web surfers activities has clearly resonated inside the White House. The Obama administration announced that it intends to work with Congress to produce “a privacy bill of rights“ giving American consumers greater contro
24、l over how their information is collected and used by digital marketers.Those who have been lobbying for change agree with, but are unsympathetic to, internet firms worries that such a law could dent their advertising-driven business models, which rely on tracking and targeting consumers to maximise
25、 revenues. “This is dimming the prospects of Google, Facebook and other digital ad companies,“ says Jeffrey Chester of the Centre for Digital Democracy. Quite how dark things get for them will depend on the details of the bill. It will seek to lay down the basic principles of internet privacy rights
26、, broadly following recommendations published last December by the Department of Commerce. The departments report said consumers should be told more about why data are being collected about them and how they are used; and it called for stricter limits on what companies can do with information they c
27、ollect.Whatever legislation finally emerges is likely to give a broader role to the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), which will almost certainly be charged with deciding how those principles are translated into practice and with policing their implementation. Among other things, the FTC is known to b
28、e keen on a formal “do not track“ system, which would allow users to block certain sites from monitoring their online activities.Keen to avoid this, the online-advertising industry has been working overtime to convince policymakers that it can police itself using systems such as icons on web pages t
29、hat show surfers when they are being tracked. And it is telling anyone who will listen that consumers will suffer if tough do-not-track rules hit ad revenues, forcing web firms to charge for more content. With Mr Obama throwing his weight behind internet privacy, this rearguard action is less likely
30、 to be successful. Some ad firms have started talking of creating a do-not-track system of their own, that would limit the damage to their digital activities.Although all this may dent their revenues, Americas internet giants could also benefit from the legislation if it helps them in their dealings
31、 with the European Union. The EUs already fairly strict rules on privacywhich it considers a fundamental human rightare being tightened further. The time-consuming and expensive legal hoops the EU makes American internet firms jump through, to be allowed to handle Europeans online data, will become
32、more demanding. If by passing its own online-privacy “bill of rights“ America can convince the EU to ease this legal burden, then it will be an important win for American companies, says Joel Reidenberg, a professor at Fordham Universitys law school. Google, Facebook and others will no doubt be trac
33、kingboth online and offlinethe progress of EU-American talks on this matter very closely. 496 words26 The privacy bill of rights is meant to_.（A）clamp down web surfers dishonest behaviours（B） restrict internet firms control over information（C） give American government control over information（D）ease
34、 the tension between digital marketers and web users27 What is the biggest concern of internet firms with the privacy bill?（A）downsizing ad revenues（B） decreasing digital data（C） ever-growing user base（D）increasingly demanding users28 Whats the response of the online-advertising industry towards the
35、 formal “do not rack system“?（A）A gentle persuasion.（B） A stiff resistance.（C） A forced surrender.（D）A combination of tough and soft.29 The author suggests in the last paragraph that the privacy bill could_.（A）be harmful to Europeans privacy rights（B） be desirable for American internet firms（C） be h
36、elpful with the EU-American relationship（D）be questionable in dealing with privacy problems30 According to the text, who will most fancy the privacy bill?（A）EU.（B） FTC.（C） Web consumers.（D）The Centre for Digital Democracy.31 By the mid-sixties, blue jeans were an essential part of the wardrobe of th
37、ose with a commitment to social struggle. In the American Deep South, black farmers and grandchildren of slaves still segregated from whites, continued to wear jeans in their mid-nineteenth-century sense; but now they were joined by college students-black and white-in a battle to overturn deeply emb
38、edded race hatred. The clothes of the workers became a sacred bond between them. The clothing of toil came to signify the dignity of struggle.In the student rebellion and the antiwar movement that followed, blue jeans and work shirts provided a contrast to the uniforms of the dominant culture. Jeans
39、 were the opposite of high fashion, the opposite of the suit or military uniform.With the rise of the womens movement in the late 1960s, the political significance of dress became increasingly explicit; Rejecting orthodox sex roles, blue jeans were a womans weapon against uncomfortable popular fashi
40、ons and the view that women should be passive. This was the cloth of action; the cloth of labor became the badge of freedom.If blue jeans were for rebels in the 1960s and early 1970s, by the 1980s they had become a foundation of fashion-available in a variety of colors, textures, fabrics, and fit. T
41、hese simple pants have made the long journey “from workers clothes to cultural revolt to status symbol.“On television, in magazine advertising, on the sides of buildings and buses, jeans call out to us. Their humble past is obscured; practical roots are incorporated into a new aesthetic. Jeans are n
42、ow the universal symbol of the individual and Western democracy. They are the costume of liberated women, with a fit tight enough to restrict like the harness of old-but with the look of freedom and motion.In blue jeans, fashion reveals itself as a complex world of history and change. Yet looking at
43、 fashions, in and of themselves, reveals situations that often defy understanding. Our ability to understand a specific fashion-the current one of jeans, for example-shows us that as we try to make sense of it, our confusion intensifies. It is a fashion whose very essence is contradiction and confus
44、ion.To pursue the goal of understanding is to move beyond the actual cloth itself, toward the more general phenomenon of fashion and the world in which it has risen to importance. Exploring the role of fashion within the social and political history of industrial America helps to reveal the paramete
45、rs and possibilities of American society. The ultimate question is whether the development of images of rebellion into mass-produced fashions has actually resulted in social change.31 In the eyes of college students in the mid-nineteenth-century blue jeans symbolized_.（A）a commitment to social strug
46、gle（B） a struggle for segregation（C） the dignity of struggle（D）military uniform32 What is the most striking feature of jeans in the womens movement?（A）The cloth of action.（B） The orthodox sex roles.（C） Their political significance.（D）The weapon against uncomfortable popular fashions.33 By saying “je
47、ans call out to us“,(Lines 1-2, Para. 5) the author implies that_.（A）jeans summon us into action（B） jeans challenge us to a duel（C） jeans ask us to get out of home（D）jeans become an eye-catching fashion34 According to the author jeans are a fashion that_.（A）causes the change of world history（B） is b
48、eyond our understanding（C） makes no economic sense at all（D）causes contradiction and confusion among people35 From the last paragraph we may conclusion that_.（A）it is difficult to understand the blue jeans（B） jeans are a fashion revolution（C） jeans help reveal the background of the social changes in
49、 the U.S.（D）jeans help shape the characteristics of American society36 The provision of positive incentives to work in the new society will not be an easy task. But the most difficult task of all is to devise the ultimate and final sanction to replace the ultimate sanction of hungerthe economic whip of the old dispensation. Moreover, in a society which rightly rejects the pretence of separating economies from politics and denies the auto
