1、考研英语（二）模拟试卷 136 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 0 A new economics paper has some old-fashioned advice for people navigating the stresses of life: Find a spouse who is also your bes
2、t friend. Social scientists have long known that 【C1】_ people tend to be happier, but they debate whether that is because marriage causes happiness or simply because happier people are more【C2 】_ to get married. The new paper, 【C3】_ by the National Bureau of Economic Research, controlled for pre-mar
3、riage happiness levels. It【C4】_that being married makes people happier and more satisfied 【C5】 _ their lives than those who remain singleparticularly during the most stressful periods, like 【C6】_ crises.Even as fewer people are marrying, the disadvantages of remaining single have broad【C7 】 _. Its i
4、mportant【C8】_marriage is increasingly a force behind inequality.【C9】_marriages are more common among educated, high-income people, and increasingly out of reach for those who are not. That divide appears to【C10 】_not just people s income and family stability, but also their happiness and stress leve
5、ls.A quarter of todays young adults will have never married by 2030, which would be the highest【C11】_in modern history, according to Pew Research Center.【C12】_both remaining unmarried and divorcing are more common among less-educated, lower-income people.【C13】_, high-income people still marry at hig
6、h rates and are less likely to divorce.Those whose lives are most difficult could【C14】_most from marriage, according to the economists who wrote the new paper, John Helliwell and Shawn Grover. “Marriage may be most important when there is that stress in life and when things are going【C15 】_,“ Mr. Gr
7、over said.【C16 】_ marital happiness long outlasted the honeymoon period.【C17 】_some social scientists have argued that happiness levels are innate, so people return to their natural level of well-being【C18】_joyful or upsetting events, the researchers found that the benefits of marriage persist. One【
8、C19 】_for that might be the role of friendship within marriage. Those who【C20】_their spouse or partner to be their best friend get about twice as much life satisfaction from marriage as others, the study found.1 【C1 】（A）single（B） engaged（C） married（D）divorced2 【C2 】（A）eager（B） likely（C） easy（D）excit
9、ed3 【C3 】（A）made（B） studied（C） found（D）published4 【C4 】（A）denied（B） concluded（C） doubted（D）imagined5 【C5 】（A）with（B） from（C） by（D）in6 【C6 】（A）financial（B） midlife（C） academic（D）quarterlife7 【C7 】（A）necessities（B） transmissions（C） implications（D）significances8 【C8 】（A）when（B） because（C） so（D）if9 【C9
10、】（A）Stable（B） Normal（C） Constant（D）Poor10 【C10 】（A）affect（B） promote（C） lower（D）control11 【C11 】（A）figure（B） rate（C） score（D）share12 【C12 】（A）Even（B） Still（C） Yet（D）And13 【C13 】（A）Educated（B） Intelligent（C） Dignified（D）Knowledgeable14 【C14 】（A）steal（B） choose（C） benefit（D）suffer15 【C15 】（A）wrong（B）
11、bad（C） great（D）well16 【C16 】（A）Fortunately（B） Unexpectedly（C） Intriguingly（D）Surprisingly17 【C17 】（A）Unless（B） Hence（C） Until（D）Though18 【C18 】（A）after（B） before（C） during（D）within19 【C19 】（A）option（B） reason（C） result（D）tendency20 【C20 】（A）believe（B） see（C） consider（D）regardPart ADirections: Read t
12、he following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)20 I can tap my smartphone and a cab will arrive almost immediately. Another tap will tell me the latest news, value my share portfolio or give me route directions to my next meeting. As a result, I do
13、 not need to stand on a street corner vainly trying to hail a taxi to the theatre, lose myself in London streets. The changes that have occurred in the past decade have, from an economic perspective, increased at virtually no cost the efficiency of household production.The data framework within whic
14、h economic analysis is conducted is largely the product of the second world war. In the 1930s American economist Simon Kuznets began to elaborate a system of national accounts. That work was given impetus when the war led governments to take control of important sectors of economic activity. It was
15、soon realized that this required far better data than had previously existed, which in turn raised the challenge of how best to structure such information.Household productionwomen s work as homemakersdid not have much of a look-in; that was not the front line against fascism. The joke about the man
16、 who reduced national income by marrying his housekeeper, so that a market transaction became part of household production, was once a mandatory part of every introductory course on national income accounting but has succumbed to political correctness.Technological advance has always enhanced househ
17、old as well as business efficiency. Our domestic productivity has benefited from washing machines, vacuum cleaners and central heating, and before that from electric light and automobiles. But at least these things were partially accounted for: from an economic perspective a car is a faster and chea
18、per horse. Statisticians in principle incorporated these improvements in the efficiency of consumer goods into their measurement of productivity, though in practice they did not try very hard.But the technological advances of the past decade seem to have increased the efficiency of households, rathe
19、r than the efficiency of businesses, to an unusual extent. An ereader in the pocket replaces a roomful of books, and all the world s music is streamed to my computer. We look at aggregate statistics and worry about the slowdown in growth and productivity. But the evidence of our eyes seems to tell a
20、 different story.21 It can be implied from the first paragraph that_.（A）a new smartphone is created（B） the new smartphone has changed people s life（C） there are many changes in the past decade（D）economically speaking, the changes have improved the efficiency of household production22 Creating the sy
21、stem of national accounts was given impetus when_.（A）governments controlled the important sectors of economic activity during the war（B） people realized this demanded far better data（C） it began to raise the challenge of how best to structure such information（D）it needed more data than before23 The
22、phrase “succumbed to“ is closest in meaning to_.（A）turned to（B） submitted to（C） gave up（D）sent out24 Which of the following is NOT true according to Paragraph 4?（A）Technological advance has always improved the business efficiency.（B） Our domestic productivity has benefited from technological advance
23、.（C） Statisticians in practice tried very hard as they did in principle.（D）In principle, the statisticians should consider these improvements in the efficiency of consumer goods when they measure productivity.25 According to the last paragraph, the author believes_.（A）the technological advances have
24、 an unusual effect on people s life（B） the technological advances bring treats to real stores（C） we dont need to be worried about the slowdown in growth and productivity（D）the evidence in life seems to be disadvantageous25 Ever since Muzak started serenading patrons of hotels and restaurants in the
25、1930s, piped-in music has been part of the consumer experience. Without the throb of a synthesiser or a guitars twang, shoppers would sense something missing as they tried on jeans or filled up trolleys. Specialists like Mood Media, which bought Muzak in 2011, devise audio programmes to influence th
26、e feel of shops and cater to customers tastes. The idea is to entertain, and thereby prolong the time shoppers spend in stores, says Claude Nahon, the firms international chief. Music by famous artists works better than the generic stuff that people associate with Muzak. The embarrassing brand name
27、was dropped in 2013.Online shopping is an under-explored area of merchandising musicology. A new study commissioned by eBay, a shopping website, aims to correct that. Some 1,900 participants were asked to simulate online shopping while listening to different sounds. Some results were unsurprising. T
28、he noise of roadworks and crying babies soured shoppers views of the products on offer. Chirruping birds encouraged sales of barbecues but not blenders or board games.Sounds associated with quality and luxury seemed to be hazardous for shoppers wallets. The study found classical music and restaurant
29、 buzz caused them to overestimate the quality of goods on offer and to pay more than they should. That backs up earlier research which found that shoppers exposed to classical music in a wine store bought more expensive bottles than those hearing pop.EBay wants consumers to avoid such unhealthy infl
30、uences when shopping online. It has blended birdsong, dreamy music and the sound of a rolling trainthought to be pleasant but not overly seductiveto help them buy more sensibly. Retailers could presumably counter by turning up the Chopin. “Classical music does seem to be the way to go“ if your only
31、interest is the narrow one of squeezing as much money as possible from your clientele, says the studys author, Patrick Fagan, a lecturer at Goldsmiths, part of the University of London.Few traditional shops are likely to use that tactic. H willingness to search for compromise; recognition of the lim
32、its of personal knowledge; awareness that more than one perspective on a problem can exist; and appreciation of the fact that things may get worse before they get better. The upshot was that, as Dr. Grossmann had found before, Americans do get wiser with age. Their intergroup wisdom score averaged 4
33、5 at the age of 25 and 55 at 75. Their interpersonal score similarly climbed from 46 to 50. Japanese scores, by contrast, hardly varied with age. Both 25-year-olds and 75-year-olds had an average intergroup wisdom of 51. For interpersonal wisdom, it was 53 and 52. Taken at face value, these results
34、suggest Japanese learn wisdom faster than Americans. One up, then, to the wizened Zen-masters. But they also suggest a paradox. Generally, America is seen as an individualistic society, whereas Japan is quite collectivist. Yet Japanese have higher scores than Americans for the sort of interpersonal
35、wisdom you might think would be useful in an individualistic society. Americans, by contrastat least in the maturity of old agehave more intergroup wisdom than the purportedly collectivist Japanese. Perhaps, then, you need individual skills when society is collective, and social ones when it is indi
36、vidualistic. All of which goes to show that the real root of wisdom is this: do not assume, little grasshopper, that your prejudices are correct.Part CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. (10 points) 46 Quality of life is about more t
37、han the size of your pay cheque. It means being able to spend an evening with your family once a weekinstead of keeping one parent at home with the kids while the other works, and then exchanging a few words when you switch roles halfway through the day. It means being able to request working hours
38、that allow you to travel when buses are running so you do not have to walk miles to get to work.Those things matter to workers. When someone on a low wage talks about finding a better job, better pay is just part of the mix. This is why campaigns groups across America are trying to win better condit
39、ionsenabling employees to address questions of health, safety and life quality, alongside their wage gains. Short-notice rotas, as much as low pay or unsafe conditions, are central to a spate of protests across the US.Part ADirections: Write a composition/letter of no less than 100 words on the foll
40、owing information. (10 points)47 You are going to take part in MBA exam. Write a letter of inquiry to the dean of Management School to inquire about:1)the subjects to be examed;2)the number of students to be enrolled;3)other things you should pay attention to.You should write about 100 words on the
41、ANSWER SHEET. Do not use your own name. Use “Li Ming“ instead. Do not write the address.(10 points)Part BDirections: Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following information. (20 points)48 Write an essay based on the following chart, in your writing, you should 1)interpret the chart, and 2
42、)give your comments. You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET.(15 points) 考研英语（二）模拟试卷 136 答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 1 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 此处意为“社会科学家向来知道，_人士往往更幸福”。空格后面的
43、 because marriage causes happiness 暗示此处应为 “已婚人士”。故 Cmarried符合题意，为正确答 案。single“单身的”，engaged“订婚的”，divorced“ 离婚的”均不符合题意，故排除。2 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 此处意为“但对于这是因为婚姻带来了幸福，还是越幸福的人越_走进婚 姻，他们意见不一”。be more likely to 为固定搭配，意为“更可能”，符合题意，故 Blikely 为正确答案。be more eager to“更盼望，渴望”；easy 要构成比较级前面不加 more，直接用 easier 就可以；be mo
44、re excited to“更兴奋”均不符合题意，故排除。3 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 此处意为“美国国家经济研究局新近_的一篇论文，将婚前的幸福水平作为 控制变量”。论文当然是被“发布，发表”，故 Dpublished 为正确答案。made“制作”，不与 paper 搭配：studied 前面通常加研究结果；found 前面亦加发现事物或研究观点。故此三 项均不符合题意，排除。4 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 此处意为“文章的_是，婚姻使人们比孑然一身者更幸福”。it 指代上一 句的主语 The new paper，故 Bconcluded“得出结论；推论出”符合题意，为正确答案。 de
45、ny“否认”，doubt“怀疑”， imagine“想象”均不符合题意，故排除。5 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 此处意为“文章的结论是，婚姻使人们比孑然一身者更幸福，对生活更_”。 satisfied with 为固定搭配，意为“对 满意”，符合题意，故Awith 为正确答案。其他三 个介词均不符合题意，故排除。6 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 此处意为“特别是在压力最大的时期，如_危机”。联系上下文，可知，本 文主要围绕“婚姻与幸福”展开论述，再结合本段具体内容，可推知 the most stressful pe riods 应指“人生阶段中压力最大的时期”，处于中年时期的人不仅要赡养老人
46、，还要照顾 妻儿，是公认的压力最大的时期，故 Bmidlife“中年”为正确答案。financial“财政的，金 融的”，academic“学术的”，quarterlife“四分之一人生，青年”不符合题意，故排除。7 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 此处意为“尽管结婚的人减少了，但单身的弊端_广泛”。implication“可能引 发的后果；影响”符合题意，故 Cimplications 为正确答案。necessities“必需品”，trans missions“ 传送；传递；传播 ”，均不符合题意；significance“重要性，意义”不和 disadvantage 搭配，故排除。8 【正确
47、答案】 B【试题解析】 此处意为“这一点颇为重要，_婚姻越来越成了不平等背后的一个因素”。联 系上下文可知，it 指代上文的“尽管结婚的人减少了，但单身的弊端影响广泛”，its impor tant 与下半句构成因果关系。故 Bbecause 为正确答案。when“当时候”，so“因此”， if“如果”，均不符合题意，故排除。9 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 此处意为“_的婚姻在受过教育的高收人人群中更普遍，而情况与之相反的 人则越来越难获得稳定的婚姻”。联系末句的 income and family stability 和四个选项可 知，stable“稳定的；稳固不变的”符合题意，为正确答案
48、。normal“正常的”，constant“不断 的，持续的”，poor“ 糟糕的”，均不符合题意，排除。10 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 此处意为“这一差异_的似乎不仅是人们的收入和家庭的稳定，还有他们的 幸福和压力状况”。affect“ 影响，使改变”符合题意，故 Aaffect 为正确答案。promote“促 进，提升”，lower“降低，减少”和 control“控制”在原文都没有体现，故排除。11 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 此处意为“皮尤研究中心称，当下的年轻人中，有四分之一不会在2030 年前结 婚，这一比例将是现代历史上的最高_”。share“一份；(分担或应得的)一部分，
49、份 额”，在此处可意译为“水平”，故 Dshare 为正确答案。figure“数字”一般不和 high 连用； rate“比率”和 score“得分”均不符合题意，故排除。12 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 此处意为“_在受教育较少、收入较低的人群中，未婚和离异都更普遍”。根据 上下文，可知此处与上文为转折关系，故 CYet“但是”符合题意，为正确答案。Even“甚 至”和 Still“还是，仍然”表示递进关系，And“并且”表示并列关系，均不符合题意，故排除。13 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 此处意为“_的高收入人群结婚的比例依然较高，离婚的可能性也更小”。根 据上文的 less-educated 和 lower-income people 可知，此处需要填一个和 less-educated 相 对的词，故
