1、考研英语（二）模拟试卷 147 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 0 If you want to succeed, you have to be passionate【C1】_your work. It has to be true. 【C2 】_speakers around the globe say so. The pr
2、estigious consulting firm Deloitte quantified it in a report that said, “Up to 87. 7 percent of Americas workforce is not able to contribute【C3】_their full potential because they dont have enthusiasm for their work. “ Enthusiasm for your work intensifies focus, provides the drive to persist when cha
3、llenges【C4 】_, and enables creativity. It is also important to remember【C5】_passion can fade and relationships with too much of it early on can result【C6】_disillusionment. You see this at work when a formerly “passionate“ employee becomes jaded and cynical because things just arent as they used to b
4、e in the past. If you are fortunate to work every day at a career or job about which you are passionate,【C7】_yourself lucky. The reality is, according to the Deloitte study, there【 C8】_that many people who are enthusiastic about what they do. You cant easily toss the dispassionate masses aside and h
5、ire all new people who are in love with what you do. 【C9 】_, some jobs and industries just dont elicit passion. Many companies need people to perform jobs that never appear on anyones most desirable list. They are often physically challenging, somewhat monotonous, and provide low wages. They may hav
6、e limited【 C10】_for advancement, and they exist in industries that are profitable but not sexy. One of my manufacturing clients perfectly【C11】_this description, and despite the difficult environment , people show【C12】_and do a great job every day. They arent particularly crazy about their jobs, but
7、they are driven by an immense pride in their performance. A positive【C13】_of pride is grounded in humility. It establishes and maintains a reputation for excellence. Pride doesnt【C14 】_shortcuts, and most important, it maintains high standards when passion for the job has diminished. At the【C15】_of
8、the day, you cant ignore the impact of passion. Virtually【C16】_raises their hands when I ask seminar participants if they would do their ideal jobs for less than one percent of what they make today. We should, however, pay more attention【C17】_pride. Pride speaks to character, and character is an exc
9、ellent indicator of the quality and commitment of the work. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. said: “If a man is called to be a street sweeper, he should sweep streets【C18 】_as Michelangelo painted, or Beethoven composed music, or Shakespeare wrote poetry. He should sweep streets so well that all the host
10、s of heaven and earth will【C19 】_to say, here lived a great street sweeper who did his job well. “ Most assume that Dr. King was talking about the importance of passion【C20】_of the status of your position. Perhaps, however, we missed the real message about having personal pride in your performance.1
11、 【C1 】（A）in（B） about（C） from（D）on2 【C2 】（A）Motivated（B） Motivational（C） Motivating（D）Motivate3 【C3 】（A）to（B） down（C） in（D）from4 【C4 】（A）rise（B） arise（C） raise（D）arisen5 【C5 】（A）how（B） where（C） that（D）why6 【C6 】（A）in（B） from（C） to（D）on7 【C7 】（A）regard（B） think（C） consider（D）believe8 【C8 】（A）are（B） we
12、re（C） arent（D）werent9 【C9 】（A）Likely（B） Likeless（C） Likeable（D）Likewise 10 【C10 】（A）chance（B） choice（C） time（D）room 11 【C11 】（A）gives（B） fits（C） defies（D）beggars 12 【C12 】（A）off（B） out（C） over（D）up13 【C13 】（A）matter（B） sense（C） source（D）swelling14 【C14 】（A）cross（B） go（C） travel（D）take15 【C15 】（A）beg
13、inning（B） end（C） front（D）middle 16 【C16 】（A）all（B） everyone（C） none（D）someone 17 【C17 】（A）for（B） of（C） on（D）to 18 【C18 】（A）even（B） so（C） such（D）like19 【C19 】（A）happy（B） hate（C） must（D）pause20 【C20 】（A）despite（B） dismiss（C） regardless（D）regardingPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer
14、 the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)20 During the day, Leipzigs airport is quiet. It is at night that the airfield comes to life. Next to the runway a yellow warehouse serves as the global sorting hub for DHL, a delivery firm owned by Deutsche Post of Germany. A huge
15、extension, which opened in October, means it can sort 150,000 parcels each hour, says Ken Allen, DHLs CEO. With falling trade barrier, cross-border e-commerce has become a key term in the modern economy. The rise of cross-border e-commerce has meant booming business for express-delivery firms. On Ja
16、nuary 31st UPS revealed record revenues for the fourth quarter of 2016; FedEx and DHL are expected to report similarly buoyant results next month. Since 2008 half of the increase in express-delivery volumes has come from shoppers buying items online from another country. Falling trade barriers have
17、greatly helped them. When DHL and FedEx were getting going in the 1970s, there was little demand for international express deliveries. Packages often got stuck in customs for weeks and were heavily taxed. The expansion of free-trade areas, lower tariffs and the Internet brought years of growth. But
18、after Mr. Trumps threats to raise tariffs on goods from China and Mexico, together with the indication last month from Theresa May, Britains prime minister, that the country will leave the EUs customs union, there are widespread fears that the favourable tailwinds enjoyed by the industry for decades
19、 are gone. The express-delivery industry faces a new challenge: the return of trade barriers due to the protectionist bent of Donald Trump and because of Brexit. The return of borders poses a challenge to the soaring parcel-delivery business. “ Its all a real nightmare,“ groans David Jinks of Parcel
20、Hero, a British parcel broker which works with DHL, FedEx and UPS. Start with Brexit. Post-Brexit costs will probably come from long wrangles over which of 19,000 customs codes should be applied to a consignment. As an example of what could happen, Halloween costumes from China often get stuck at Br
21、itains border while customs officials work out whether they are toys or childrens clothes, which attract different duties. Such complexity would force delivery firms to put up their prices to customers, Mr. Jinks says. Sending an item from Britain to Switzerland (outside the EU) costs 150% more than
22、 it does to Italy (inside the EU). The most severe impact on business would come from higher tariffs, which would hurt demand for cross-border imports and deliveries in favour of local goods. This is where Mr. Trumps threats come into focus.21 The example of Leipzigs airport shows that_.（A）Leipzigs
23、airport serves as the biggest sorting hub for DHL.（B） Airport delivers more goods than any other forms of cross-border deliveries.（C） Cross-border e-commerce has promoted the expansion of delivery services.（D）Express-delivery firms face a new challenge because of changing policies in US and UK. 22 T
24、he word “buoyant“ is closest in meaning to_.（A）optimistic（B） fluctuating（C） unpredictable（D）mundane 23 What do we know about parcel delivery services in the 1970s?（A）There are falling trade barriers.（B） DHL and FedEx are expanding rapidly.（C） The express-delivery faces the return of trade barriers.（
25、D）International express delivery is in its preliminary stage. 24 What effect will Brexit probably bring on parcel delivery services?（A）The trade between China and the UK will drop tremendously.（B） Customers will have to pay more on delivery services.（C） 19,000 customs codes will be examined by Briti
26、sh parliament.（D）DHL, FedEx and UPS will close some of their branches in Britain. 25 The passage is mainly about_.（A）Logistics firms are faced with trade barriers.（B） The US and the UK work together to promotecross-border imports.（C） Cross-border e-commerce is booming.（D）Express-delivery firms DHL,
27、FedEx and UPS are fined by customs in the UK and US. 25 Many people take to social media to share news of big events. On December 1st Facebooks boss, Mark Zuckerberg, followed in the tradition he helped create, when he and his wife, Priscilla Chan, announced the birth of their daughter on the social
28、-networking site, along with news that they will give away the majority of their fortune during their lifetimes. Around 99% of the shares they own in Facebook, which today are worth around $ 45 billion, will go into the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative (CZI). Their aim, they wrote, is to improve the world
29、 for their daughter and future generations. For now, the move allows Mr. Zuckerberg to relinquish wealth, but not control, as he will retain the votes associated with any shares transferred to CZI. He anticipates remaining the controlling stakeholder of Facebook “ for the foreseeable future“ , and p
30、lans to sell, or give away, no more than $ 1 billion of Facebook stock each year for the next three years. Mr. Zuckerberg is far from the first tech titan to pledge billions to philanthropic activities, but he is following a slightly different path to Bill Gates, Microsofts founder. Whereas the Bill
31、 and Melinda Gates Foundation is a registered charity, the Zuckerbergs CZI will be a limited liability company ( LLC ). Although charitable status comes with alluring tax breaks, strings are attached. Unlike charities, LLCs can lobby without restriction; the Zuckerbergs have said that CZI will get i
32、nvolved in policy debates. The other flexibility LLC status allows is the freedom to invest in for-profit ventures that have a big social impact. In this, the Zuckerbergs are following in the footsteps of Pierre Omidyar, founder of eBay, an online marketplace, who grew frustrated by the constraints
33、of charitable status. Mr. Omidyar now oversees the Omidyar Network, which has for-profit and non-profit arms. Will Fitzpatrick, designer of this hybrid structure, claims that the for-profit arm can more easily invest in things that can be scaled up quickly. He gives the example of an investment in a
34、 solar lantern that cost less than $ 10 a unit, which meant people did not have to burn dangerous kerosene, and which he says would have been technically difficult to achieve through a private foundation.26 Mark Zuckerberg and Priscilla Chan celebrated the birth of their daughter by_.（A）creating the
35、 tradition of announce big news on Facebook（B） creating the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative（C） donating $ 1 billion of Facebook stock to CZI（D）selling 99% of the shares they own in Facebook 27 The word “relinquish“ is closet in meaning to_.（A）abandon（B） maintain（C） withhold（D）distribute28 Bill and Melind
36、a Gates Foundation is_.（A）the first tech titan to pledge billions to philanthropic activities（B） allowed to invest in for-profit ventures（C） obliged to meet certain requirements（D）working with CZI to make the world a better place 29 What do we know about Pierre Omidyar?（A）He does not like registered
37、 charity coming with strings.（B） He created eBay for non-profit purposes.（C） He suggested to Zuckerbergs to set up a limited liability company.（D）He made the Omidyar Network a subsidiary of eBay. 30 This passage is best entitled_.（A）Mark Zuckerberg Finds Another Way to Share（B） Mark Zuckerberg and H
38、is Wife Having Their First Baby（C） More High-tech Giants Devoted to Philanthropy（D）Mark Zuckerberg Find a New Way of Running Facebook30 Its often said that the mark of a civilised society is how it treats its most vulnerable citizens in times of austerity. And in the past week, Britain has proved it
39、self quite not so. Last Thursday a United Nations inquiry into disability rights in the UK ruled that the government is failing in its duties in everything from education, work and housing to health, transport and social security. Presented with overwhelming evidence of a range of regressive policie
40、s and multibillion-pound cuts to disability services, it described the treatment of disabled people in this country as a “ human catastrophe“ . Less than 24 hours later, Luke Davey lost his appeal against his local council cutting his care package almost in half. Luke is quadriplegic, has cerebral p
41、alsy and is registered blind. But in this climate of cuts to disability services, after 23 years of 24/7 support, his care hours have been suddenly gutted. Without enough funding for full-time personal assistants, his mother, Jasmine, is forced to fill in the gaps: sitting in the bungalow to ensure
42、hes not alone, and lifting her 14-stone son into a hoist. Jasmine, its worth noting, is 75 and has cancer. Bit by bit, the abuse of disabled people in Britain is being normalised. This isnt simply the result of newspapers and politicians dehumanising the “scrounging“ disabled. Its that the hardship
43、being witnessed is now so common, so widespread, its as if its not worth comprehension. Resisting this becomes almost an act of defiance: to say that its not normal for a self-proclaimed global leader of disability rights to have to be shamed publicly by the United Nations over its treatment of disa
44、bled citizens; that its not economically necessary for one of the wealthiest nations on Earth to cut benefits and social care so deeply that disabled people are housebound, hungry, or suicidal. When the “most vulnerable citizens“ line is used by well-meaning voices, theres a secret second sentence t
45、hats rarely uttered: disabled people, truth be told, do not need to be vulnerable. Contrary to the myth sold by years of austerity, to be afraid, desperate or isolated is not a normal state of affairs for people with disabilities. Vulnerability comes when politicians choose to pull the support disab
46、led people need in order to live dignified, fulfilling, independent livesknowing full well the misery it will cause.31 The UN described the treatment of disabled people in the UK as a “human catastrophe“ because_.（A）the disabled people are being discriminated in every aspect fromeducation, work to h
47、ousing and so forth（B） Luke Davey lost his appeal against the government for the simple reason that the local court favored the government（C） the government dramatically cut its financial support for the disabled people in the years of austerity（D）the disabled people are unable to live and work inde
48、pendently 32 The example of Luke Davey is used to show that_.（A）the disabled people can rely on their family members for support（B） the disabled people deserved better work opportunity and salary（C） the disabled people are not treated fairly on British court（D）the disabled people live in a catastrop
49、hic condition now 33 The underlined sentence “Bit by bit, the abuse of disabled people in Britain is being normalised“ implies that_.（A）the society dont accept disabled people into public places（B） the society dont appreciate the effort made by the disabled（C） the society is indifferent to the suffering of the disabled（D）the society implements strict laws against domestic abuse 34 What does the autho
