1、考研英语（二）模拟试卷 15 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 1 (1)_ exactly a year ago, in a small village in Northern India, Andrea Milliner was bitten on the leg by a dog. “It must have (2)_ y
2、our nice white flesh“, joked the doctor (3)_ he dressed the wound. Andrea and her husband Nigel were determined not to let it (4)_ their holiday, and thought no more about the dog, which had meanwhile (5)_ disappeared from the village.“We didnt (6)_ there was anything wrong with it,“ says Nigel. “It
3、 was such a small, (7)_ dog that rabies didnt (8)_ my mind“. But, six weeks later, 23-year-old Andrea was dead. The dog had been rabid. No one had thought it necessary to (9)_ her antirabies treatment. When, back home in England, she began to show the classic (10)_ unable to drink, catching her brea
4、th her own doctor put it (11)_ to hysteria. Even when she was (12)_ into an (13)_, hallucinating, recoiling in terror at the sight of water, she was directed (14)_ the nearest mental hospital.But if her symptoms (15)_ little attention in life, in death they achieved a publicity close to hysteria. Ca
5、ses like Andrea are (16)_, but rabies is still one of the most feared diseases known to man. The disease is (17)_ by a bite of a lick from an (18)_ animal. It can, in very (19)_ circumstances, be inhaledtwo scientists died of it after (20)_ bat dung in a cave in Texas.（A）Hardly（B） Nearly（C） Almost（D
6、）Merely（A）fancied（B） flashed（C） flopped（D）gasped（A）because（B） though（C） if（D）as（A）snap（B） spoil（C） stray（D）suit（A）noisily（B） quietly（C） absolutely（D）exceedingly（A）imagine（B） realize（C） assume（D）presume（A）likeable（B） likely（C） liking（D）likewise（A）change（B） enter（C） lose（D）set（A）infect（B） inject（C） sa
7、ve（D）give（A）symptoms（B） sign（C） signal（D）mark（A）out（B） down（C） up（D）off（A）loafed（B） loaned（C） loaded（D）located（A）automobile（B） vehicle（C） truck（D）ambulance（A）for（B） out of（C） from（D）to（A）paid（B） gave（C） turned（D）received（A）seldom（B） rare（C） scare（D）less（A）transformed（B） transferred（C） transmitted（D）
8、transported（A）injected（B） infected（C） injured（D）inserted（A）outstanding（B） common（C） ordinary（D）exceptional（A）inhaling（B） inverting（C） inheriting（D）initiatingPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)21 It is because of
9、his plays that Shakespeare is now considered the greatest English writer in history. The era in which he lived, Elizabethan England, was a time in which broad interests and creativity could flourish. Elizabeth, the queen, was beloved by her subjects and proved to be a powerful and able ruler. Under
10、the reign of Elizabeth, England changed from an island kingdom to an expanding empire. England grew rich through trade. Sixteenth-century Englishmen traveled to the New World and to Africa. Music, dance, poetry, painting, and architecture flourished; but the art form in which Elizabethan England dis
11、tinguished the rest of Europe was the theater.The theater, which had practically disappeared from Europe was, at this time, received as a part of the church service. Later, no longer as a part of the service, the“ mystery plays“ responded to popular taste by adding more and more comic elements. In E
12、ngland, they were sponsored by various trade guilds and presented on stage wagons that went from place to place. When the mystery plays began to lose their appeal, they were replaced by “morality“ plays which always taught a moral.In Renaissance England, writers were particularly interested in class
13、ical texts such as Latin and Greek plays. Schools and universities began to produce comedies and tragedies by Platus, Terence, and Seneca. Shakespeare was well acquainted with classical humanities and classical tragedies and comedies often served as models in his own drama. A Renaissance man, Shakes
14、peares interest went beyond book learning to practical knowledge of military strategy, seafaring, business affairs, and the new geographical discoveries, all evident in his plays.Companies of strolling plays which had specialized in morality plays responded to the change by staging new plays. Profes
15、sional actors, who had been viewed by English society as little better than vagrants or criminals, gradually came under the protection of the nobility. Licensed theater companies were formed; Shakespeare belonged to one of those, where in addition to his writing, he acquired a wide experience in act
16、ing and theater management.The theater grew in popularity and public theaters were built, not inside the city limits but just outside, along with other places of entertainment. Theaters in Elizabethan England were patronized by all social classes. The Globe Theater, built in 1599, where many of Shak
17、espeares plays were performed, had a platform stage jutting out into a central courtyard. The audience stay around three sides of this platform the lower-class who each paid a penny in the pit and the wealthier spectators in the galleries above. The orchestra was on stage, as music was usually a sig
18、nificant part of the production. Indeed, the costumes, scenery, singing, playing, and dancing, as well as acting was essential to the total show. There was no lighting, however, plays were performed in the afternoon. Shakespeare knew his audience: his theater is addressed not just to the educated bu
19、t to all classes of society.21 Which of the following is not true about the Elizabethan England?（A）Broad interests and creativity flourished.（B） English people began to travel to the Continent.（C） The theater was the most prominent art form.（D）England was no longer an island kingdom.22 According to
20、the text,the theater（A）first appeared in England.（B） follows two classical rules.（C） were only sponsored by the nobility.（D）had various types.23 Which of the following statements may not be the reason for Shakespeares success?（A）He lived in the Elizabethan Age.（B） He was quite wealthy.（C） He had bro
21、ad interest.（D）He was experienced in acting and theater management.24 The underlined word “patronized“ in the last paragraph means（A）enjoyed.（B） encouraged.（C） sponsored.（D）promoted.25 Shakespeares plays were（A）enjoyable to all the classes of society.（B） performed all day long.（C） presented on stage
22、 wagons.（D）the copies of the Latin and Greek plays.26 Prices are sky high, with profits to match. But looking further ahead, the industry faces wrenching change, says an expert of energy.“The time when we could count on cheap oil and even cheaper natural gas is clearly ending. That was the gloomy fo
23、recast delivered in February by Dave OReilly, the chairman of Chevron Texaco, to hundreds of oilmen gathered for a conference in Houston. The following month, Venezuelas President Hugo Chavez gleefully echoed the sentiment: “The world should forget about cheap oil.“The surge in oil prices, from $10
24、a barrel in 1998 to above $50 in early 2005, has prompted talk of a new era of sustained higher prices. But whenever a “new era“ in oil is hailed, scepticism is in order. After all, this is essentially a cyclical business in which prices habitually yo-yo. Even so, an unusually loud chorus is now joi
25、ning Messrs OReilly and Chavez, pointing to intriguing evidence of a new “price floor“ of $30 or perhaps even $40. Confusingly, though, there are also signs that high oil prices may be caused by a speculative bubble that could burst quite suddenly. To see which camp is right, two questions need answ
26、ering: why did the oil price soar? And what could keep it high?To make matters more complicated, there is in fact no such thing as a single “oil price“: rather, there are dozens of varieties of crude trading at different prices. When newspapers write about oil prices, they usually mean one of two re
27、ference crudes: Brent from the North Sea, or West Texas Intermediate (WTI). But when ministers from the Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC discuss prices, they usually refer to a basket of heavier cartel crudes, which trade at a discount to WTI and Brent. All oil prices mentione
28、d in this survey are per barrel of WTI.The recent volatility in prices is only one of several challenges facing the oil industry. Although at first sight Big Oil seems to be in rude health, posting record profits, this survey will argue that the western oil majors will have their work cut out to cop
29、e with the rise of resource nationalism, which threatens to choke off access to new oil reserves. This is essential to replace their existing reserves, which are rapidly declining. They will also have to respond to efforts by governments to deal with oils serious environmental and geopolitical side-
30、effects. Together, these challenges could yet wipe out the oil majors.26 Dave OReilly and Hugo Chavez believe that（A）prices of oil and natural gas are very high.（B） prices of oil and natural gas will not go down.（C） oil and natural gas will keep sustained high prices.（D）the world has forgotten about
31、 cheap oil.27 According to some loud chorus, the oil price in the new era will be as low as（A）about $10 a barrel.（B） nearly $30 a barrel.（C） $3040 a barrel.（D）$50 a barrel.28 According to the passage, “West Texas Intermediate“ (Paragraph 4) refers to（A）an oil industry.（B） an oil company.（C） a govern
32、ment organization.（D）a kind of crude oil.29 What is the key to oil price in the authors opinion?（A）Energy crisis.（B） Dozens of varieties of crude trading.（C） Several challenges facing the oil industry.（D）The rise of resource nationalism.30 What is the tone of the passage?（A）Humorous.（B） Indifferent.
33、（C） Serious.（D）Anxious.31 Those who welcomed the railway saw it as more than a rapid and comfortable means of passing. They actually saw it as a factor in world peace. They did not foresee that the railway would be just one more means for the rapid movement of aggressive armies. None of them foresaw
34、 that the more we are togetherthe more chances there are of war. Any boy or girl who is one of a large family knows that.Whenever any new invention is put forward, those for it and those against it can always find medical men to approve or condemn. The anti-railway group produced doctors who said th
35、at tunnels would be most dangerous to public health: they would produce colds, catarrhs(黏膜炎) and consumptions. The deafening noise and the glare of the engine fire, would have a bad effect on the nerves. Further, being moved through the air at a high speed would do grave injury to delicate lungs. In
36、 those with high blood pressure, the movement of the train might produce apoplexy. The sudden plunging of a train into the darkness of a tunnel, and the equally sudden rush into full daylight, would cause great damage to eyesight. But the pro-railway group was of course able to produce equally famou
37、s medical men to say just the opposite. They said that the speed and swing of the train would equalize the circulation, promote digestion, tranquilize the nerves, and ensure good sleep.The actual rolling-stock was anything but comfortable. If it was a test of endurance to sit for four hours outside
38、a coach in rain, or inside in dirty air, the railway offered little more in the way of comfort. Certainly the first-class carriages had cushioned seats; but the second-class had only narrow bare boards, while the third-class had nothing at all; no seats and no roof; they were just open trucks. So th
39、at third-class passengers gained nothing from the few mode except speed. In the matter of comfort, indeed they lost; they did, on the coaches, have a seat, but now they had to stand all the way, which gave opportunities to the comic press. This kind of thing: “A man was seen yesterday buying a third
40、-class ticket for the new London and Birmingham Railway. The state of his mind is being enquired into“.A writer in the early days of railways wrote feelingly of both second-and third-class carriages. He made the suggestion that the directors of the railways must have sent all over the world to find
41、the hardest possible wood. Of the open third-class trucks he said that they had the peculiar property of meeting the rain from whatever quarter it came. He described them as horizontal shower-baths, from whose searching power there was no escape.31 All boys and girls in large families know that _.（A
42、）a boy and a girl usually fight when they are together（B） people tend to be together more than they used to be（C） a lot of people being together makes fights likely（D）railway leads the world to peace32 According to those who welcomed the railway, the railway itself should include all the following e
43、xcept that _.（A）the railway enables people travel fast（B） the railway brings comfort to people（C） the railway makes the world peaceful（D）the railway leads the world to war as well33 According to the anti-railway group, all the followings are true but _.（A）tunnels are dangerous to public health（B） th
44、e noise and the glare of the engine fire may affect peoples nerves（C） the rapid speed through the air does damage to peoples lungs（D）to those with high blood-pressure, the rapid speed of the train causes them to die34 We may safely conclude that _.（A）the author belongs to the anti-railway group（B） t
45、he author belongs to the pro-railway group（C） the author speaks highly of the railway（D）the author may never take train because of its potential dangers35 What is the tone of this passage?（A）Practical.（B） Humorous.（C） Satirical.（D）Exaggerated.36 Can computer viruses ever be a force for progress? In
46、the wild west of the online world, the archetypal baddies are computer viruses and worms. These self-replicating programs are notorious for wreaking havoc in the systems of unwary users. But, as in the west, not all gunslingers wear black hats. Some virus writers wish their fellow users well, and ha
47、ve been spreading viruses that are designed to do good, not harm.Cheese Worm, which appeared a few weeks ago, attempts to fix computers that have been compromised by the Lion Worm. The Lion Worm is dangerous. It infects computers that use the Linux operating system, and creates multiple “backdoors“
48、into the infected computer. It then e-mails information about these backdoors to people who wish to misuse that computer for nefarious purposes such as “denial of service“ attacks on websites. (Such attacks bombard a site with so many simultaneous requests for access that it comes out with its hands
49、 up.)That might sound like a good thing. So might VBS.Noped.Amm. This virus, which arrives as an e-mail attachment, searches a users hard drive for specific files which the (unknown) virus writer believes contain child pornography. If the virus finds any files on the proscribed list, it e-mails a copy of the file in question to a random recipient from a list of American government agencies, with an explanatory note.The notion of “good“ viruses may sound novel; but,
