1、考研英语（二）模拟试卷 31 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 0 Public image refers to how a company is viewed by its customers, suppliers, and stockholders, by the financial community, by the co
2、mmunities【C1】_it operates, and by federal and local governments. Public image is controllable【 C2】_considerable extent, just as the product, price, place, and promotional efforts are.A firms public image plays a vital role in the【C3】_of the firm and its products to employees, customers, and to such
3、outsiders【C4】_stockholders, suppliers, creditors, government officials, as well as【C5】_special groups. With some things it is impossible to【C6】_all the diverse publics: for example, a new highly automated plant may meet the approval of creditors and stockholders,【C7 】_ it will undoubtedly find 【C8】_
4、from employees who see their jobs【C9】_On the other hand, high-quality products and service standards should bring almost complete approval,【C10】_low-quality products and【C11】_claims would be widely looked down upon.A firms public image, if it is good, should be treasured and protected. It is a valua
5、ble【C12】_that usually is built up over a long and satisfying relationship of a firm with publics. If a firm has learned a quality image, this is not easily【 C13】_or imitated by competitors. Such an image may enable a firm to【C14 】_higher prices, to win the best distributors and dealers, to attract t
6、he best employees, to expect the most【C15】_creditor relationships and lowest borrowing costs. It should also allow the firms stock to command higher price-earnings【C16】_than other firms in the same industry with such a good reputation and public image.A number of factors affect the public image of a
7、 corporation.【C17】_include physical【C18】_, contacts of outsiders【C19】_company employees, product quality and dependability, prices【C20】_to competitors, customer service, the kind of advertising and the media and programs used, and the use of public relations and publicity.1 【C1 】（A）which（B） what（C）
8、where（D）whom2 【C2 】（A）in（B） within（C） on（D）to3 【C3 】（A）attraction（B） attachment（C） affection（D）generalization4 【C4 】（A）and（B） with（C） as（D）for5 【C5 】（A）converse（B） diverse（C） reverse（D）universe6 【C6 】（A）satisfy（B） treat（C） amuse（D）entertain7 【C7 】（A）so（B） then（C） thus（D）but8 【C8 】（A）support（B） ident
9、ification（C） compliment（D）resistance9 【C9 】（A）ensured（B） promoted（C） threatened（D）unemployed10 【C10 】（A）because（B） while（C） though（D）when11 【C11 】（A）false（B） fake（C） artificial（D）counterfeit12 【C12 】（A）fortune（B） asset（C） possession（D）property13 【C13 】（A）countered（B） defeated（C） repelled（D）compelled
10、 14 【C14 】（A）pay（B） get（C） order（D）charge15 【C15 】（A）favorite（B） prosperous（C） favorable（D）prospective16 【C16 】（A）rate（B） ratio（C） ration（D）interest17 【C17 】（A）These（B） They（C） That（D）It18 【C18 】（A）appliances（B） equipment（C） devices（D）facilities19 【C19 】（A）on（B） with（C） in（D）along20 【C20 】（A）relativ
11、e（B） related（C） reliable（D）reconcilablePart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)20 The world is undergoing tremendous changes. The rise of globalization, both an economic and cultural trend that has swept throughout th
12、e world, has forged new ground as we enter the 21st century. But are the effects of globalization always positive? Some say no.Michael Tenet, head of the International Institute for Foreign Relations in Atlanta, is worried about current resentment throughout the world toward the rise of globalizatio
13、n. “Ever since the 1980s and the economic collapse of the Asian Tigers in the late 1990s, there has been a re-evaluation of the role of globalization as a force for good,“ he said. “ Income in many countries has declined and the gap between the most rich and me most poor has been aggravated. Without
14、 further intervention by governments, we could see a tragedy expressed in an increased level of poverty throughout the Latin American and Asia. “Yet George Frank, an influential economist who works on Wall Street, sees no such danger. “Economic liberalization, increased transparency and market-based
15、 reforms have positive effect in the long run, even if market mechanisms can produce short-term destabilization problems,“ He said. “What is most important is that barriers to trade continue to fall so that active competition for consumer goods reduces prices and in turn raises the average level of
16、income. “Others feel that globalizations cultural impact may be more important than its economic implications. Janice Yawee, a native of Africa, feels strongly that globalization is undermining her local culture and language. “Most of the worlds dialects will become extinct under globalization. We a
17、re paving the world with McDonalds and English slang. It tears me up inside,“ she said.Governments of different countries have had mixed responses to the wave of globalization. The United States is generally seen as an active proponent of greater free trade, and it certainly has enormous cultural in
18、fluence by virtue of its near monopoly on worldwide entertainment. But other countries, most notably in Europe and developing nations, have sought to reduce the impact that globalization has on their domestic affairs.“When I was a boy we had very little to speak of,“ says one Singaporean resident. “
19、Now our country has developed into a booming hub for international finance. “ Others, however, are not so optimistic. “Globalization is an evil force that must be halted,“ a union official at a car plant in Detriot recently commented, “Its sucking away jobs and killing the spirit of our country. “21
20、 Towards globalization, Michael Tenets attitude is most probably one of_.（A）anxiety（B） support（C） cautious approval（D）objectivity22 According to the text, all of the following are true EXCEPT_.（A）Ever since the 1980s, there has been an increased level of poverty throughout Asia and the Latin America
21、（B） The effects of globalization used to be defined as positive（C） Governments intervention may help ease the problem of increased poverty（D）The whole world has undergone the wave of globalization23 America is generally an active supporter of globalization partly due to_.（A）the necessity of interfer
22、ing in other countries domestic affairs（B） the need of expanding its foreign trade（C） its immense impact of culture upon other countries（D）its arbitrary manipulation of global entertainment24 Janice Yawees feelings about globalization are mentioned in the passage mainly to（A）introduce her local cult
23、ure and language（B） illustrate the cultural implications of globalization（C） comment on the universality of McDonalds and English slang（D）emphasizeA globalizations economic consequence 25 The most appropriate title for this text could be_.（A）The Tremendous Changes Caused by the Rise of Globalization
24、（B） Peoples Reactions to the Rise of Globalization（C） Publics Anxiety about Globalizations effects（D）Globalizations Cultural Impact and Economic Implications25 Henry Kissinger may be the most successful, certainly the most flamboyant, Secretary of State to hold that office in modern times. When he w
25、as appointed in the late 1960s, there were no American ties with Communist China, Vietnam and Berlin seemed ready to draw the United States into a Third World War, and Russia was seen as “ the enemy“.But all this has changed, and Henry Kissinger caused much of the change; in 1971, he made his first
26、trip to China, a trip that was the beginning of the current ties between the United States and China. He brought the United States and Russia closer together on major issues by the policy he called “ detente“ , literally meaning a relaxation. His philosophy was always to talk and to bring together.
27、With these two policies, Kissinger did much to draw attention away from any possible Russian-American friction. In 1973 he made his first visit to Egypt. Here he was able to begin U. S. relations with Egypt. He used his contact later to begin the sort of talks that the American press called “shuttle
28、 diplomacy“. For ninety-nine days, he “shuttled“ back and forth on flights between Cairo and Jerusalem to work out a step-by-step withdrawal of Israeli troops from the Sinai desert. His wit, his careful approach to detail, and his presence made “shuttle diplomacy“ work. It was the only successful ap
29、proach to Middle-east peace in the thirty years since the state Israel was founded.Another major work was the Strategic Arms Limitation Talk. Though his term in office passed with the treaty unsigned, Kissinger left a draft of the treaty to which the Russians had already agreed. The SALT treaty spel
30、led out a one-tenth reduction in nuclear arms, a major accomplishment by any standard, even if one does not consider all the other conditions and limitations included in the treaty.Even though he successfully helped bring an end to the Vietnam War, Kissingers final days in office were affected, as w
31、as the entire executive branch in one way or another, by the scandals of the Nixon White House. Kissingers critics point to his role in placing wiretaps on the phones of reporters and officials and to what they consider his “high-handed“ approach to setting foreign policy. But Kissinger, during the
32、last few months of the Nixon presidency, limited the effects of American domestic problems on our foreign policy. He continued talks in the Middle East. He continued close contact with the Soviet Union.History will decide in the final view, as Kissingerand many presidentsoften said, on the value of
33、his service. Whatever they decide, whether his actions are finally to be considered wise or foolish, he had a personal vision that will be difficult to match.26 We can draw a conclusion from the text that_.（A）Kissinger did much to end the Cold War with the Communist World（B） Kissinger helped smooth
34、over numerous conflicts in the world（C） Kissinger, as me Secretary of State, was outstanding in American diplomacy（D）many international problems would not have been solved without Kissinger27 Judging from the context, the word “flamboyant“(Line 1, Para. 1)most probably means_.（A）arbitrary（B） dazzlin
35、g（C） notorious（D）ambiguous28 According to the text, all of the following are true EXCEPT_.（A）One of Kissingers accomplishments was the signing of the SALT treaty（B） It was with Kissingers help that America put an end to the Vietnam War（C） The whole executive system was affected by the scandals of th
36、e Nixon White House（D）The present Sino-American diplomatic relationship originated from Kissingers first trip to China29 It can be inferred from the last paragraph that_.（A）as a man of great insight, Kissingers personal vision is difficult to understand（B） such actions as Watergate scandals made Kis
37、singer a controversial historical figure（C） though he was an outstanding politician, Kissinger was unable to cope with domestic affairs（D）it must be admitted that Kissingers personal insight was unparalleled30 The authors tone in the text can be summarized as one of_.（A）admiration（B） sympathy（C） sus
38、picion（D）objectivity30 Researchers are finding that boys and girls really are from two different planets. Boys and girls have different “crisis points“, experts say, stages in their emotional and social development where things can go very wrong. Until recently, girls got all the attention. But boys
39、 are much more likely than girls to have discipline problems at school and to be diagnosed with Attention Deficit Disorder(ADD). Boys far outnumber girls in special-education classes. Theyre also more likely to commit violent crimes and end up in jail.Even normal boy behavior has come to be consider
40、ed pathological(病态的)in the wake of the feminist movement. An abundance of physical energy and the urge to conquer these are normal male characteristics, and in an earlier age they were good things, even essential to survival. “If Huck Finn or Tom Sawyer were alive today,“ says Michael Gurian, author
41、 of The Wonder of Boys, “wed say they had ADD. “ He says one of the new insights were gaining about boys is a very old one: boys will be boys. “They are who they are,“ says Gurian, “and we need to love them for who they are. Lets not try to rewire them. “But what exactly is the essential nature of b
42、oys? Even as infants, boys and girls behave differently. A recent study at Childrens Hospital in Boston found that boy babies are more emotionally expressive; girls are more reflective.(That means boy babies tend to cry when theyre unhappy; girl babies suck their thumbs)This could indicate that girl
43、s are innately more able to control their emotions. Boys have higher levels of testosterone and lower levels of neurotransmitter serotonin, which inhabits aggression and impulsivity. That may help explain why more males than females carry through with suicide or become alcoholics.Theres struggle a d
44、esire and need for warmth on the one hand and a pull toward independence on the other. Boys are going through what psychologists long ago declared an integral part of growing up: individualization and disconnection from parents, especially mothers. But now some researchers think that process is too
45、abrupt. When boys repress normal feelings like love because of social pressure, says William Pollack, head of the Center for Men at Bostons McLean Hospital, “theyve lost contact with the genuine nature of whom they are and what they feel. Boys are in a silent crisis. The only time we notice it is wh
46、en they pull the trigger. “ 31 Which of the following is NOT true according to the first paragraph?（A）Boys and girls are different.（B） Boys need more attention than girls.（C） Girls almost need no help from society.（D）Boys are more difficult to educate than girls.32 What can be inferred about Tom Saw
47、yer and Huck Finn(Para. 2)?（A）They were more like todays girls than boys.（B） They suffered Attention Deficit Disorder but were not diagnosed.（C） They were energetic and conquering.（D）They had more problems than todays boy.33 The word “rewire“(Para. 2)could best be replaced by_.（A）restore to a former
48、 condition（B） recognize the worth of（C） change the nature of（D）address the problems of34 Which aspect of boy-girl differences does paragraph 3 discuss?（A）Physiological.（B） Psychological.（C） Cultural.（D）Intellectual.35 It is implied in the passage that_.（A）society approves of boys who have tender fee
49、lings（B） society expects boys to be independent（C） boys take more time to grow up than girls（D）boys and girls can never receive similar treatment35 After World War II the glorification of an ever-larger GNP formed the basis of a new materialism, which became a sacred obligation for all Japanese governments, businesses and trade unions. Anyone who mentioned the undesirable by
