1、考研英语（二）模拟试卷 63 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 0 If I ask you what constitutes “bad“ eating, the kind that leads to obesity and a variety of connected diseases, youre likely to ans
2、wer, “Salt, fat and sugar.“ Yet thats not a(n) 【C1】 _answer.We dont know everything about the dietary【C2】 _to chronic disease, but the best-qualified people argue that real food is more likely to promote health and less likely to cause disease than hyper-processed food. And we can further【C3】_that m
3、essage: Minimally processed foodReal Food should【C4】_our diets.Real food solves the salt / fat / sugar problem. Yes, excess salt may cause high blood pressure, and【C5 】_sodium intake in people with high blood pressure helps.【C6】_salt is only one of several risk factors in developing high blood press
4、ure, and those who eat a diverse diet and few processed foods need not【C7 】_about salt intake. “Fat“ is a complicated topic. Most naturally occurring fats are probably essential, but too much of some fats seems【C8 】_. Eat real food【C9】_your fat intake will probably be fine. “Sugar“ has come to【C10 】
5、_the entire group of processed, nutritionally worthless caloric sweeteners. All appear to be damaging because theyre added sugars, as【C11】_to naturally occurring ones.【C12】_: Sugar is not the only enemy. The enemy is hyper-processed food,【C13】_sugar.We know that eating real food is a general solutio
6、n, but a large part of our dietary problems might【C14】_from the consumption of caloric sweeteners and / or hyper-processed carbs. For example, how to limit the intake of sugar? A soda tax is a(n) 【C15 】_, proper labeling would be helpful, andquite possibly most important,【C16】_its going to take us a
7、 generation or two to get out of this messrestrictions【C17】_marketing sweet “food“ to children.Theres no reason to【C18】_action on those kinds of moves. But lets get the science straight so that firm,【C19】_, sound recommendations can be made【C20 】 _the best possible evidence. And meanwhile, lets also
8、 get the simple message straight: Its “Eat Real Food.“ 1 【C1 】（A）possible（B） adequate（C） familiar（D）insufficient2 【C2 】（A）joins（B） control（C） links（D）integrations3 【C3 】（A）refine（B） infer（C） update（D）shorten4 【C4 】（A）decide（B） replace（C） change（D）dominate5 【C5 】（A）lowering（B） balancing（C） increasing
9、（D）stopping6 【C6 】（A）Indeed（B） Still（C） Unless（D）But7 【C7 】（A）think（B） complain（C） ask（D）worry8 【C8 】（A）meaningful（B） harmful（C） stressful（D）helpful9 【C9 】（A）so（B） or（C） and（D）if10 【C10 】（A）reveal（B） represent（C） reserve（D）release11 【C11 】（A）similar（B） averse（C） opposed（D）objected12 【C12 】（A）In sum（
10、B） As a result（C） For instance（D）What s more13 【C13 】（A）including（B） except（C） excluding（D）like14 【C14 】（A）date（B） differ（C） refrain（D）stem15 【C15 】（A）end（B） start（C） exception（D）warning16 【C16 】（A）although（B） when（C） while（D）because17 【C17 】（A）to（B） on（C） for（D）in18 【C18 】（A）delay（B） take（C） abando
11、n（D）give19 【C19 】（A）convincing（B） inspiring（C） interesting（D）exciting20 【C20 】（A）because of（B） based on（C） connected with（D）thanks toPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)20 Next month Britons will have yet more sma
12、rtphones to choose from, when devices from Wiko, a two-year-old French company, go on sale. Wiko hopes that its phones, which in France start at around 70 Euros, will be as popular across Britain as at home. In 2013 nearly 7% of French first-time smartphone-buyers chose a Wiko. In early 2014 the fir
13、m claims to have been the second-biggest vendor in France.Wiko is not alone. In both rich countries and poor ones, cheaper smartphone brands are making inroads. Demand for costly phones, mainly in developed economies, is slowing, but that for less expensive devices is booming. People who will buy th
14、eir first smartphones today perhaps care less about the brand and more about price than the richer, keener types of a few years ago. They are likely to pay less for a nice new smartphone than they did for their shabby old phone, because the cost of making smartphones has decreased.The declining cost
15、 of making phones means that buyers are getting more for their money. Two years ago the median price of a smartphone was $325. Last year it was $250. This year it may be $200. The cheapest phones will become cheaper still.All this is great for smartphone-buyers everywhere. It is less good news for t
16、he market leaders, Apple and Samsungthe only vendors making much money. Apple may evade being influenced by its operating system and apparently exceptional brand, although it has lately been selling cheaper iPhones. Samsung, which dominates the market for phones running on Googles Android operating
17、system, may be more vulnerable.Granted, Samsung makes cheaper devices as well as dearer ones, and it can afford some slimming of its margins. But its problem, Mr. Jeronimo, a researcher from Internet Data Center, says, is that it carries lots of costs, in research and development and in marketing, t
18、hat cheaper rivals do not.Samsung is doubtless wise to this. Hence its attempt to push beyond the smartphone, into smart watches and wristbands, connected domestic appliances and the business market. The weather of Mobile-phone brands is variable: ask Ericsson, HTC, Motorola and Nokiathe previous su
19、ccessful brands. Samsung has spent buckets of gold building its name. It will not want to be replaced by the Wikos of the world.21 From the first paragraph, we learn that_.（A）Wiko has dominated the smartphone market in Britain（B） Wiko produces low-end smartphones（C） Wiko plans to cooperate with loca
20、l smartphone manufactures in Britain（D）Britons show their passion for Wiko22 What does the phrase “making inroads“(Para. 2)probably mean?（A）Declining.（B） Facing challenges.（C） Flourishing.（D）Going bankruptcy.23 What makes Apple avoid being affected by cheaper smartphones?（A）Apple has developed more
21、cheaper smartphones than other brands.（B） American government will take measures to finance Apple.（C） Consumers love Apple more than any other smartphone brands.（D）Apple owns the sole operation system and reputable brand.24 Facing cheaper brands, Samsung feels worried because it_.（A）has lost its mar
22、ket share of cheaper smartphones（B） has no cheaper smartphones（C） has to invest more in research and marketing（D）has to cooperate with other brands to develop cheaper smartphones25 What can we infer from the last paragraph?（A）HTC, Motorola and Nokia have made a great success in cheaper smartphones.（
23、B） Samsung will take measures to meet the challenge from cheaper brands.（C） Samsung has mainly turned to smart watches and wristbands.（D）Cheaper smartphones will soon lose the present successful market.25 When everything is available for sale on your smartphone, why is your mailbox still filled with
24、 catalogs? The old-school marketing format has survived to play a crucial creative role in modern e-commerce. Today, the catalog is bait for customers, like a store window display, and a source of inspiration, the way roaming through store aisles can be. The hope is shoppers will mark pages they lik
25、e and then head online, or into a store, to buy.Todays catalogs are no longer phone-book-size compilations of every item a retailer sells. Instead, they have fewer pages and merchandise descriptions, and more and bigger photos and lifestyle images.For retailers, creating the inspiration comes with h
26、efty costs, including expensive photo shoots and rising postage rates. However, the potential for boosting sales has brought new interest in print catalogs. Some retailers founded primarily online are entering the fray, including Bonobos, the menswear brand built on the idea of better-fitting pants.
27、Marketers mailed 11.9 billion catalogs in 2013, according to the Direct Marketing Association, marking the first uptick in years. Total catalog circulation is still far below the 2007 peak of 19.6 billion. The 2008 recession forced catalog companies to cut dead wood out of their mailing lists and ge
28、t smarter about how and when they mail.Due to catalogs, the sale amount is rising. “Now, some 20% of the website s first-time customers are placing their order after having received a catalog,“ says Craig Elbert, vice president of marketing for Bonobos. They spend 1.5 times as much as new shoppers w
29、ho didnt receive a catalog first.However, catalogs require months of advance planning and production. “Its easy to fake out a yoga studio so it looks like winter,“ says Tess Roering, Athleta vice president of creative and marketing. But for skiing, she says, “We need to go to places that have real s
30、now.“ Thus, the Athleta team is set to travel to New Zealand in a few months.Besides, long catalog-making leads brands into specific products. After Athleta featured blue-and-yellow running tights on its April catalog cover, the tights arrived in stores 10 days late. Catalogs sent shoppers to stores
31、 for a product that wasn t there.“Its disappointing,“ Ms. Roering says, “however, once the tights were in stock, they sold well. So every coin has two sides.“26 The purpose of retailers sending traditional catalogs is to_.（A）appeal to consumers to buy the catalogs（B） give consumers inspiration of de
32、signing catalogs（C） present consumers their products and hope to make a deal（D）give consumers who buy their products some souvenirs27 What does the word “hefty“(Para. 3)probably mean?（A）High.（B） Low.（C） Average.（D）Time-consuming.28 According to Paragraphs 3-6, which of the following is NOT true?（A）C
33、atalog-making is a costly marketing means.（B） Catalog can help retailers promote sales.（C） The number of catalog-sending has been declining from 2007.（D）Catalog-making may take retailers much time.29 What is the passage mainly about?（A）The old-school marketing format s function on sales.（B） Retailer
34、s complaining about the cost of catalogs.（C） How to make catalog-making time-saving.（D）Catalogs promotion on the sale of products and its disadvantages.30 What s the author s attitude toward catalogs?（A）Negative.（B） Objective.（C） Positive.（D）Pessimistic.30 What you can remember from age 3 may help i
35、mprove aspects of your life far into adulthood. Children who have the ability to recall and make sense of memories from daily lifethe first day of preschool, the time the cat diedcan use them to better develop a sense of identity, form relationships and make sound choices in adolescence and adulthoo
36、d, new research shows.While the lives of many youngsters today are heavily documented in photos and video on social media and stored in families digital archives, studies suggest photos and videos have little impact. Parents play a bigger role in helping determine not just how many early memories ch
37、ildren can recall, but how children interpret and learn from the events of their earliest experiences.“Our personal memories define who we are. They bond us together,“ says Robyn Fivush, a psychology professor at Emory University in Atlanta and an author of dozens of studies on the topic. Children w
38、hose parents encourage recalling and storytelling about daily events show better coping and problem-solving skills by their preteens, and fewer symptoms of depression, research shows.Some memories help build a sense of self-continuity, or personal identity, says a 2011 study. People recall these mem
39、ories when they “want to feel that I am the same person that I was before“, or “when I want to understand how I have changed from who I was before“. A hurricane survivor, for example, might recall the memory as proof that she can survive tough experiences and grow stronger as a result.Other memories
40、 serve a directive function, and guide behavior. People recall these when making decisions or to avoid repeating past mistakes. A person whose dog was killed by a car is likely to call on that memory when deciding to keep pets on a leash.A third type, social-bonding memories, involve relationships w
41、ith others. People recall these when they want to strengthen relationships or form new ties, the study says. A college student who participated in a different study cited bedtime-reading sessions with his father, who read him the entire Lord of the Rings trilogy, as a motivator to build and maintain
42、 strong family ties in his adult life.The ability to draw on all three types of memories predicts higher psychological well-being, a greater sense of purpose and more positive relationships, according to a study of 103 college students published last year in the journal Memory.31 What can we conclud
43、e from Paragraph 1?（A）Early memories are usually difficult for adults to forget.（B） Early memories are significant for some aspects of adulthood life.（C） Early memories can help children have a happy life.（D）Early memories are mainly about preschool and cats.32 From Paragraph 2, we get to know that
44、photos and videos_.（A）record most of parents early lives（B） can help children recall their early memories easily（C） usually take the place of children s early memories（D）can t play an important role as early memories do33 Which of the following examples belongs to self-continuity or personal identit
45、y?（A）Past hard life makes people much stronger.（B） Memories about accidents make people sad or cry.（C） People are willing to recall good memories rather than bad ones.（D）People may feel happy when sweet memories hop into their mind.34 The author s attitude toward functions of early memories is_.（A）o
46、pposed（B） affirmative（C） paradoxical（D）uncertain35 Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the text?（A）The Earliest Memories（B） Earliest Memories, Good or Bad（C） The Power of Earliest Memories（D）How to Recall Earliest Memories Better35 Humans are having a hard enough time copi
47、ng with the natural variability in our environment, which causes disasters such as heat waves, wildfires and floods. Waiting without actions makes all three of those problemsand many moreworse.That was the serious warning from the worlds scientific community last week, in the latest report from the
48、Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC). The U.N.-chartered body produced its first comprehensive report since 2007 on the climate changes.There are some things the scientists are very confident will happen in a warming world over the next century. Sea levels will rise, threatening coastal c
49、ities and low-lying nations. Island states could get hit very hard. There are probably going to be relatively more extremely hot days than extremely cold ones, and food-borne illnesses will probably increase.But part of the risk of climate Change is that scientists dont have a crystal ball to foretell how, exactly, the environment will respond to rising temperatures, and they are trying to predict effects over the course
