1、考研英语（短文写作）模拟试卷 115 及答案与解析Part BDirections: Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following information. (20 points)1 On Environmental Pollution 关于环境污染 Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the drawing. In your essay, you should1)describe the drawing briefly,2)interpret its intended meaning
2、, and3)give your comments.2 Lack of Resources 资源短缺 Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the drawing. In your essay, you should1)describe the drawing briefly,2)explain its intended meaning, and3)give your comments.3 The Foundation of Energy Development 能源发展的根基 Write an essay of 160-200 words base
3、d on the drawing. In your essay, you should1)describe the drawing briefly,2)explain its intended meaning, and then3)give your comments.4 Seashore or Dumping Ground?海滩还是垃圾场？Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the drawing. In your essay, you should1)describe the drawing briefly,2)explain its inte
4、nded meaning, and then3)support your view with examples.5 Endangered Fish 处于危险中的鱼类 Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the drawing. In your essay, you should1)describe the drawing briefly,2)explain its intended meaning, and3)give your comments.考研英语（短文写作）模拟试卷 115 答案与解析Part BDirections: Write an
5、essay of 160-200 words based on the following information. (20 points)1 【正确答案】 In the picture, a man is fined by an officer for pee ing into a river. Behind them, a manufacturing plant is pouring black waste water into the river and discharging dark smoke into the air. Under the picture the caption
6、reads: “When small pollution meets big pollution“. This picture, in its creative and ironic way, raises readers at tention towards the severity of environmental pollution, to which irresponsible factories contribute.The government should enhance law enforcement to tackle this problem. As is known to
7、 us, the Environmen tal Protection Law is actually there, but it is not effectively enforced. Officials and special task forces must strengthen inspection of and supervision over law enforce ment. They should inspect manufacturing plants at regular or irregular times, in order to send a zero-toleran
8、ce mes sage to those factories on illegal discharge of waste wa ter and smoke. Moreover, any factory which discharges untreated waste water or smoke should be penalized im mediately to deter potential offenders.As the English proverb goes, “When the cat is away, mice will play“. When environmental p
9、ollution is involved, the government should always be there and discipline the “mice“no matter they are individuals or enterprises.【试题解析】 这幅图片刻画了污染的情景。男子向河里撒尿，工厂向河里排污水、向空中排废气。从图解可以看出，工厂的污染行为危害更大，应引起有关部门的注意。根据这一思路，并按照题目要求，文章内容可以安排如下：第一段简要描绘图片，并指出图片的意图：让读者意识到排污企业才是环境污染最大的源头。第二段阐明政府应该加强执法以应对这一问题，应该要严执法
10、、勤执法，对排污企业采取零容忍的态度。并对非法排放废水废气的工厂予以惩罚。第三段总结全文。【知识模块】 短文写作2 【正确答案】 As can be seen in the picture, the globe is personi fied. He is holding a spoon, trying to take something from the pot to the bowl. The small pot is the representation of resources, while the apparently much bigger bowl is that of the
11、7 billion world population. This pic ture, in its thought-provoking way, illustrates the issue of the imbalance between the insufficient resources and the overlarge population.In my opinion, to tackle the problem of resources scarcity, we could at least adopt two measures. First, we must bear firmly
12、 in mind that saving resources is of great importance. Energy saved is energy earned. We should not take fuel, water and electricity for granted and should not ignore the idea of saving them. Second, effective population control is also needed. For instance, Chinas one-child policy has contributed a
13、 great deal to ease the tension of resources crisis. I am not saying that every country should follow suit, however, every country needs to come up with its own population control policy, which is accordant with its resource situation.In short, saving resources and keeping population in check are tw
14、o possible measures to tackle the problem.【试题解析】 这幅图片刻画了地球人口众多，资源相对匮乏的情景，从而引发我们思考如何解决人口与资源之间的矛盾。根据这一思路，并按照题目要求，全文可以安排如下：第一段描绘图片：地球拿着勺子，试图用碗里稀少的资源来养活世界 70 亿人口；指出图片的意图：揭示资源与人口间的不平衡。第二段提出个人看法：可从两方面人手，解决资源稀缺问题。其一，我们应时刻谨记节约资源的重要性，学会珍惜现有的资源。其二，我们需要有效的措施来控制人口膨胀。各国政府应出台符合国情的人口控制政策。第三段总结全文。【知识模块】 短文写作3 【正确答案
15、】 In the picture, a tree is featured. It has flourishing leaves, which represent the booming energy development. Its deep and spreading roots form into two Chinese characters, meaning “safety“. As the picture vividly por trays, the sound development of energy is very much dependent on safety, withou
16、t which any development may become a threat or even a disaster for human be ings.As far as I can see, safety is indeed the top priori ty in any form of energy development. There is no doubt that alternative energy, such as solar power and nuclear power, brings us a promising prospect for apply ing c
17、lean and cost-effective energy. But before we put the new energy into use, sufficient test runs must be made to identify any potential problems. Otherwise, we would place a time bomb among users, who would be devastated by even the tiniest mistake.In short, we encourage the development of new en erg
18、y, but we must also ensure that the energy is safe enough so that we can fully enjoy the benefits brought by the alternative energy.【试题解析】 这幅图片刻画了能源发展需要安全扎根的情景，强调安全是能源进一步发展的重要基础。根据这一思路，并按照题目要求，全文可以安排如下：第一段描绘图片：能源之树枝繁叶茂，因为有深厚的安全根基；指出图片的意图：没有安全，任何能源发展都是不牢靠的。第二段提出个人看法：安全确实是能源发展的首要任务。将新能源投入使用之前，需要对它们进行安
19、全确认，以免把新能源酿成定时炸弹，随时威胁到民众的生命安全。第三段总结全文：我们鼓励开发各种新能源，但必须确保这些能源是安全的。【知识模块】 短文写作4 【正确答案】 As can be seen in the picture, a little girl with pig tails is picking up trash along the seashore, which is Ut tered by lots of foam boxes. The basket on her back has already been filled with trash. Apparently, the
20、picture in tends to remind us of the serious issue of turning the beautiful seashore into a dumping ground.In my opinion, the authorities concerned must take some necessary measures to address this problem. First, rubbish bins need to be placed properly and sufficiently along the seashore. Sometimes
21、, the reason why people litter is not because they want to do that, but they could not find rubbish bins on the site. If rubbish bins are handily around, I am sure most people would put the trash in the right place. Second, those who litter in the seashore should be fined and they should also be sub
22、ject to community service as a form of retribution. This would send a strong message to potential wrongdoers.In short, the systemic placement of rubbish bins and effective law enforcement would help restore the natural beauty on the seaside.【试题解析】 这幅图片刻画了一名小女孩在海滩上捡垃圾的情景。从图解看出，该图要读者反思海滩垃圾成堆的成因或对策。根据这
23、一思路。并按照题目要求，全文可以安排如下：第一段描绘一名小女孩在海滩上捡泡沫饭盒等垃圾。揭示海滩变成了垃圾场的事实。第二段提出个人看法：有关当局必须采取措施来应对这一问题。其一，海滩上应配备足够的垃圾桶。其二，可以对在海滩上乱扔垃圾的人进行罚款，并要求他们完成社区服务，以作惩罚。第三段总结全文。【知识模块】 短文写作5 【正确答案】 In the picture, a chemical factory is pouring pitch dark waste water into the river, which forms into the shape of a hand, stretchin
24、g out to catch fish in the river. The implied message from the picture is to deplore the catastrophic consequences caused by the untreated waste water from the manufacturing industry.To tackle this problem, effective measures must be tak en. First, the relevant department, such as the Environmental
25、Protection Department, should pay inspection visits to indus trial plants on regular and irregular basis. Once a plant is found discharging untreated waste water into rivers, its li cense shall be revoked. Second, non-governmental organiza tions (NGOs) should be encouraged to function as the third p
26、arty watchdog to supervise the discharge of the plants. If they find that there exist illegal discharges, they could ex pose their findings and subject the problematic plants to public assailment, while at the same time alerting the au thorities concerned to take necessary action, such as legal acti
27、on, to curb the illegal discharges as soon as possible.In short, governmental and non-governmental efforts must be combined to deter manufacturers from discharging poisonous waste water.【试题解析】 这幅图片刻画了化工厂向河里排放污水的情景，旨在引发读者思考工厂污染的问题。根据这一思路，并按照题目要求，全文可以安排如下：第一段描绘图片：化工厂正向河里排放污水，污染河流、危及河里的鱼；进而谴责制造业乱排放未经处理的废水带来了严重的后果。第二段提出个人看法：我们要采取有效措施来应对这一问题。其一，有关部门须定期和不定期查访工厂，一旦发现有工厂排放未经处理的废水，必须吊销其生产执照。其二，我们应鼓励非政府组织充当第三方监管。用第三方和媒体的力量向乱排工厂施压。第三段总结全文。【知识模块】 短文写作
