1、考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷 324 及答案与解析Part B (10 points) 0 The main purpose of a resume is to convince an employer to grant you an interview. There are two kinds. One is the familiar “tombstone“ that lists where you went to school and where youve worked in chronological order. The other is what I call the “functio
2、nal“ resumedescriptive, fun to read, unique to you and much more likely to land you an interview.Its handy to have a “tombstone“ for certain occasions. But prospective employers throw away most of those unrequested“tombstone“ lists, preferring to interview the quick rather than the dead.What follows
3、 are tips on writing a functional resume that will get reada resume that makes you come alive and look interesting to employers.(1)Put yourself first:In order to write a resume others will read with enthusiasm, you have to feel important about yourself.(2)Sell what you can do, not who you are:Practi
4、ce translating your personality traits, character, accomplishments and achievements into skill areas. There are at least five thousand skill areas in the world of work.Toot your own horn!Many people clutch when asked to think about their abilities. Some think they have none at all! But everyone does
5、, and one of yours may just be the ticket an employer would be glad to punchif only you show it.(3)Be specific, be concrete, and be brief!Remember that “brevity is the best policy.“(4)Turn bad news into good:Everybody has had disappointments in work. If you have to mention yours, look for the positi
6、ve side.(5)Never apologize:If youve returning to the work force after fifteen years as a parent, simply write a short paragraph(summary of background)in place of a chronology of experience. Dont apologize for working at being a mother; its the hardest job of all. If you have no special training or h
7、igher education, just dont mention education.How to prepare yourself: The secret is to think about the self before you start writing about yourself. Take four or five hours off, not necessarily consecutive, and simply write down every accomplishment in your life, on or off the job, that made you fee
8、l effective. Don t worry at first about what it all means. Study the list and try to spot patterns. As you study your list, you will come closer to the meaning: identifying your marketable skills. Once you discover patterns, give names to your cluster of accomplishments(leadership skills, budget man
9、agement skills, child development skills etc.)Try to list at least three accomplishments under the same skills heading. Now start writing your resume as if you mattered. It may take four drafts or more, and several weeks, before youve ready to show it to a stranger(friends are usually too kind)for a
10、 reaction. When youve satisfied, send it to a printer; a printed resume is far superior to photocopies. It shows an employer that you regard job hunting as serious work, worth doing right.Isn t that the kind of person you d want working for you?AA woman who lost her job as a teachers aide due to a c
11、utback in government funding wrote: “Principal of elementary school cited me as the only teacher s aide she would rehire if government funds became available.“BOne resume I received included the following: “invited by my superior to straighten out our organization s accounts receivable. Set up order
12、ly repayment schedule, reconciled accounts weekly, and improved cash flow 100 per cent. Rewarded with raise and promotion.“ Notice how this woman focuses on results, specifies how she accomplished them, and mentions her rewardall in 34 words.CFor example, if you have a flair for saving, managing and
13、 investing money, you have money management skills.DAn acquaintance complained of being biased when losing an opportunity due to the statement “Ready to learn though not so well educated“.EOne of my former colleagues, for example, wrote resumes in three different styles in order to find out which wa
14、s more preferred. The result is, of course, the one that highlights skills and education background.FA woman once told me about a cash-flow crisis her employer had faced. She d agreed to work without pay for three months until business improved. Her reward was her back pay plus a 20 percent bonus. I
15、 asked why that marvelous story wasnt in her resume. She answered, “It wasnt important.“ What she was really saying of course was “Im not important.“5 Moulex is a world-leading manufacturer of home appliances. With 30 years of rich experience, we produce and sell the most reliable and user-friendly
16、irons for our customers all over the world. Before you enjoy our great product, please ensure that basic safety precautions be followed and all instructions be read carefully.(l)Filling the reservoir:Your iron is designed to function using tap water. However, it will last longer if you use distilled
17、 water.(2)Temperature and steam control:Your Moulex iron has two buttons which control the intensity of heat produced by the iron. You can, therefore, adjust the temperature of the iron and the amount of steam being given off depending upon the type of fabric being ironed.-Turn the steam control to
18、the desired intensity.-Turn the thermostat control to the desired temperature.(3)Pressing button:Important: Do not use this more than five successive times.(4)Suits crease erasing:It is possible to use this iron in a vertical position so that you can remove creases from clothes on coathangers or fro
19、m curtains. Turning the thermostat control and the steam button to maximum, hold the iron in a vertical position close to the fabric but without touching it. Hold down the pressing button for a maximum of one second. The steam produced is not always visible but is still able to remove creases.(5)Aut
20、o-clean:In order that your iron does not become furred up, Moulex have integrated an auto-clean system and we advise you to use it very regularly(1-2 times per month.)ATurn the steam control to the off position.Fill the reservoir and turn the thermostat control to maximum.As soon as the indicator li
21、ght goes out, unplug the iron and, hold it over the sink, turn the steam control to auto-clean. Any calcium deposits will be washed out by the steam. Continue the procedure until the reservoir is empty.BIf your iron produces droplets of water instead of giving off steam, your temperature control is
22、set too low.CAlways unplug the iron before filling the reservoir.Always empty the reservoir after use.DThis button activates a super shot of steam which momentarily gives you an additional 40g of steam, when needed.EThis button activates a jet of cold water which allows you to iron out any unintenti
23、onal creases. Press the button for one second.FHold the iron at a sufficient distance from silk and wool to avoid all risk of scorching. Do not attempt to remove creases from an item of clothing that is being worn, always use a coathanger.10 ASet a Good Example for Your KidsBBuild Your Kids Work Ski
24、llsCPlace Time Limits on Leisure ActivitiesDTalk about the Future on a Regular BasisEHelp Kids Develop Coping StrategiesFHelp Your Kids Figure Out Who They AreGBuild Your Kids Sense of ResponsibilityMothers and fathers can do a lot to ensure a safe landing in early adulthood for their kids. Even if
25、a jobs starting salary seems too small to satisfy an emerging adults need for rapid content, the transition from school to work can be less of a setback if the start-up adult is ready for the move. Here are a few measures, drawn from my book Ready or Not, Here Life Comes, that parents can take to pr
26、event what I call “work-life uneasiness“.【C1 】_You can start this process when they are 11 or 12. Periodically review their emerging strengths and weaknesses with them and work together on any shortcomings, like difficulty in communicating well or collaborating. Also, identify the kinds of interests
27、 they keep coming back to, as these offer clues to the careers that will fit them best.【C2 】_Kids need a range of authentic role modelsas opposed to members of their clique, pop stars and vaunted athletes. Have regular dinner-table discussions about people the family knows and how they got where the
28、y are. Discuss the joys and downsides of your own career and encourage your kids to form some ideas about their own future. When asked what they want to do, they should be discouraged from saying “I have no idea.“ They can change their minds 200 times, but having only a foggy view of the future is o
29、f little good.【C3 】_Teachers are responsible for teaching kids how to learn; parents should be responsible for teaching them how to work. Assign responsibilities around the house and make sure homework deadlines are met. Encourage teenagers to take a part-time job. Kids need plenty of practice delay
30、ing gratification and deploying effective organizational skills, such as managing time and setting priorities.【C4 】_Playing video games encourages immediate content. And hours of watching TV shows with canned laughter only teaches kids to process information in a passive way. At the same time, liste
31、ning through earphones to the same monotonous beats for long stretches encourages kids to stay inside their bubble instead of pursuing other endeavors. All these activities can prevent the growth of important communication and thinking skills and make it difficult for kids to develop the kind of sus
32、tained concentration they will need for most jobs.【C5 】_They should know how to deal with setbacks, stresses and feelings of inadequacy. They should also learn how to solve problems and resolve conflicts, ways to brainstorm and think critically. Discussions at home can help kids practice doing these
33、 things and help them apply these skills to everyday life situations.What about the son or daughter who is grown but seems to be struggling and wandering aimlessly through early adulthood? Parents still have a major role to play, but now it is more delicate. They have to be careful not to come acros
34、s as disappointed in their child. They should exhibit strong interest and respect for whatever currently interests their fledging adult(as naive or ill conceived as it may seem)while becoming a partner in exploring options for the future. Most of all, these new adults must feel that they are respect
35、ed and supported by a family that appreciates them.11 【C1 】12 【C2 】13 【C3 】14 【C4 】15 【C5 】考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷 324 答案与解析Part B (10 points) 【知识模块】 阅读1 【正确答案】 F【试题解析】 此处小标题为“Put yourself first( 首先要重视自己 )”。下面的句子进行了解释：为了写一份他人都有兴致阅读的简历，你必须要重视自己。作者举例说明这一点，可能从正面角度，也可能从反面角度。F 就是从反面说明了第一个观点。作者通过例子说明，不要认为自己做过的事情不值一提
36、，瞧不起自己的人别人又怎么会重视呢?【知识模块】 阅读2 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 此处小标题为“Sell what you can do，not who you are( 推销你能做什么，而不是你是谁)”。下面的文字进一步说明：试着将你的个性特质、性格、成果和成就融入进技能领域在职场中至少有 5 000 种技能领域。言外之意就是，你总能找出一种自己擅长的技能。文后的例子中只有 C 项最贴切：例如，你有一种储蓄、管理和投资的天赋，那么你就拥有理财的技能。【知识模块】 阅读3 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 此处小标题为“Be specific ，be concrete，and brief!(
37、明确、具体、简洁!)”。下文接着说：简洁就是王道。B 项用一个成功的例子说明了这点，一位女士仅用了 34 个词就呈现了她获得的成果与奖励。【知识模块】 阅读4 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 此处小标题为“Turn bad news into good(将坏消息变成好消息)“。这不是要让人颠倒黑白，下面解释道：每个人在工作中总有不尽如人意之处。如果要提到这些事，那么要从积极、正面的角度去看。A 项就是一个正面的例子。一个女助教因为政府缩减资金而被解雇。这似乎不大光彩，但是这位女士谈起此事时却用了另一个角度，“校长说了，如果政府的资金够的话，她第一个重聘的就是我”，字里行间洋溢着自信。【知识模块】
38、 阅读5 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 此处小标题为“Never apologize( 永远不要道歉)“。下面的文字举例说明道：要扬长避短。每个人都有短处，没有必要为自己的短处羞愧。求职就是要让雇主看到自己的闪光点，个人简历不是进行道歉的地方。D 项以一个失败的例子说明了这一点：作者的一位朋友说他求职时遭到了歧视，因为他的简历中写了“好学，但教育程度不高”。【知识模块】 阅读【知识模块】 阅读6 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 此处标题为“Filling the reservoir(注满储水器)”。纵观六个选项，只有 A 项与 C 项有 reservoir 一词出现。再看下面的解释性文字：您的熨
39、斗是为使用自来水而设计。然而，如果您使用蒸馏水，它将能持续更长时间。只有 C 项与“储水器”、“注水”有关，因此此处选 C 项，说明给储水器注水的注意事项。【知识模块】 阅读7 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 此处标题为“Temperature and steam control(温度和蒸汽控制)“。剩下的 A、B、D、E、F 五个选项中，steam 与 temperature 同时出现的只有 B 项。再回到文中看下面的文字，都是解释熨斗有两个按钮来调节蒸汽与温度到所需强度的，B 项是说如果熨斗产生的是水滴而不是水蒸气，那么是温度设置太低。是对“温度和蒸汽控制”的举例说明，因此选 B 项。【知识
40、模块】 阅读8 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 此处标题为“Pressing button(按下按钮)”。剩下的 A、D 、E、F 四个选项中，只有 D、E 两项有 this button 出现，很明显是对这个 Pressing button的解释，但是，标题之后的解释性文字“连续使用此按钮不要超过五次”提供不了解题线索，因此可以放置一边，先做下一题，回过头来再选答案。【知识模块】 阅读9 【正确答案】 F【试题解析】 此处标题为“Suits crease erasing(适合消除褶皱)”。在剩下的选项中，只有 F 项出现了 removecreases 能对标题做出解释，因此选 F 项，是讲熨平
41、褶皱需要注意的事项。原文标题下面的文字中有 hold the ironclose to the fabric but without touching it(将熨斗靠近织物但是不要触碰)也与 F 项中的 hold the iron at a sufficient distance from silk and wool(将熨斗与丝和羊毛织物保持足够距离)前后呼应，说明 F 为正确选项。文中接下来提到 hold down the pressing buttonThe steamproduced，由此可以推断出按下 pressing button 后，熨斗会产生蒸汽。回到第 3 题，看 D、E 两项
42、，D 项提到 this button activates a super shot of steam(pressing button 会产生超强蒸汽流)，而 E 项说 this button activates a jet of cold water(pressing button 会喷出一股冷水)，很明显 D 项正确，因此第 3 题选 D项。【知识模块】 阅读10 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 做到此题的时候，只剩下了 A 项与 E 项。此处标题为“Auto-clean(自动清洁)”，下文中提到建议要经常使用 auto-clean system，因此所填选项应该讲 autoclean sys
43、tem 怎么用。A 项中也出现了 auto-clean 一词，并且恰恰是说自动清洁系统的使用方法。而且 A 项提到 any calcium depositswill be washed out by the steam(蒸汽会除掉任何钙质沉积物)，与原文中的 in order that your irondoes not become furred up(为了防止您的熨斗生垢)前后呼应，说明自动清洁系统经常使用可以防止熨斗生垢，因此 A 项正确。【知识模块】 阅读【知识模块】 阅读11 【正确答案】 F【试题解析】 本题所在的段落共有三句话。第一句告诉我们对象的年龄是 1l 岁或 12 岁；第
44、二句是说要定期的帮助孩子反思自己的优缺点，扬长避短；第三句是补充说明，帮孩子找出他们的兴趣点。也就是说家长们应当帮助孩子认识自我，从而让孩子在未来职业选择中扬长避短。因此 F 项“ 帮助孩子了解自己”为正确选项。【知识模块】 阅读12 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 本题所在的段落共有五句话。第一句是说孩子需要大量真实的人物模范；第二、三、四句是说要经常跟孩子讨论未来并积极鼓励他们：最后一句话是说对未来的清晰认识更有益于他们的成长和发展。所以很明显本段在讨论经常讨论未来，才更有益孩子发展。因此 D 项“定期谈论关于未来的话题 ”为正确选项。【知识模块】 阅读13 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 本
45、题共有四句话。第一句是说老师和家长有责任教孩子学习和工作；第二、三、四句是说孩子需要做家庭作业、做兼职、大量练习组织管理等技能。所以本题的核心思想是帮助孩子形成工作技能。因此 B 项“增强孩子的工作技能”为正确选项。【知识模块】 阅读14 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 本题所在段落共有四句话。前三句话是说玩视频游戏、看电视、耳机听单调音乐不仅浪费大量时间，而且对孩子无益。最后一句是说上面这些活动阻碍了孩子交际和思考能力的发育，同时影响着孩子的注意力。所以作者想要表达的是休闲时间应该有所限制，而不应该沉溺、放纵其中。因此 C 项“对业余活动时间加以限制”为正确选项。【知识模块】 阅读15 【正确答案】 E【试题解析】 本题所在段落共有三句话。前两句作者连续采用了“they should”并列结构来强调学会处理解决问题的能力的重要性。第三句是对第二句的补充，建议多在家讨论是不错的方式。因此 E 项“帮助孩子培养应对策略”为正确选项。【知识模块】 阅读
