1、考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷 56 及答案与解析Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)0 The Arctic Ice is ThawingFather Christmas may have to move his “workshop1“ from the North Pole because global warming is thawing the ice beneath his feet
2、 and his reindeers feet as well. His “workshop“ is in dire straits. The “platform“ for the “workshop“ is melting, said Stefan Norris of the World Wildlife Fund environmental groups Arctic Program.An eight-nation report by 250 scientists published recently predicted the Arctic Ocean could be ice-free
3、 in summer by 2100 because of a build-up of heat-trapping gases in the atmosphere, mainly from burning fossil fuels in cars or factories. The North Pole is getting more and more inhabitable to Father Christmas. _41_ Young people learn that Father Christmas “workshop“ produces millions of gifts deliv
4、ered by him on a flying, reindeer-drawn sleigh. Hollywood movies like “The Polar Express“ tried to make viewers believe that Father Christmas lives at the North Pole. 42The “Fortress of Solitude“ is near the North Pole that could be under threat in a warmer world. Alan Boldt. spokesman of the Danish
5、 Ministry of Science, suggested ways to rescue Father Christmas. _43_Another alternative, he argued, would be building some electrical facilities to ensure the ice stays on the North Pole for him. “This should be a subject for the United Nations, “ he said. “Danmark could build windmills to provide
6、Father Christmas with power. “ Denmark says Father Christmass real home is Greenland, which will help, Denmark thinks, to strengthen its position in claiming the sovereignty over the Pole. 44“Doesnt he already speak Danish?“ Boldt said frostily when asked if Father Christmas would be forced to learn
7、 Danish if Denmark won international recognition of its claim to the Pole. Last months Arctic report said the region is warming twice as fast as the rest of the globe, partly because dark ground or water, once uncovered, soaks up more heat than ice or snow. Finland has been most favored by Father Ch
8、ristmas and it has about 500, 000 tourists a year to visit its Christmas center in Rovaniemi in Lapland.45A. However, Nordic nations all reject it by claiming that their countries are his home.B. Therefore the North Pole is the most attractive place in the world.C. If Denmarks claim were accepted in
9、ternationally, it would have the legal right to search for oil and gas at the North Pole.D. One of them would be building a giant floating ice rink for the workshop if the Pole thaws.E. Maybe Father Christmas has already moved to Rovaniemi.F. He may have to move from the North Pole within our childr
10、ens lifetimes.5 Weight Worries May Start Early for Slim WomenThere is a range of reasons why thin women think theyre too heavy, but the distorted body image may often have its roots in childhood, the results of a new study suggest.Researchers found that among more than 2, 400 thin women they surveye
11、d, nearly 10 percent thought they were too heavy. 41According to the study authors, led by Dr. Susanne Kruger kaer of the Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, societys “Ideal“ female body is moving toward an underweight physique. 42To investigate body image among thin women, the researchers gave quest
12、ionnaires to 2, 443 women ages 27 to 38 whose body mass index was at the low end of normal.43Overall, almost 10 percent of the women thought they were too heavy. Those who reported certain “severe life events“ in childhood or adolescence, such as having a parent become ill or having their educationa
13、l hopes dashed, were more likely than others to have a distorted body image. 44In contrast, traumatic events in adulthood, such as serious illness or significant marital problems, were not related to poor body image, the researchers report. 45A. The same was true of women who started having sex or d
14、rinking alcohol when they were younger than 15 years old.B. Experiences in childhood, including having an ill parent, or starting to drink or have sex at a particularly young age, were among the risk factors for having a distorted body image.C. “Our results indicate that the risk of being dissatisfi
15、ed with (ones) own body weight may be established early in life, “ Kaer and her colleagues write.D. Research suggests that many normtl-weight women wish to weigh less.E. If worries have altered your appetite or weight, it will help to talk to someone about it.F. The women were asked about factors ra
16、nging from childhood experiences to current exercise habits.10 BedwettingMillions of kids and teenagers from every part of the world wet the bed every single night. Its so common that there are probably other kids in your class who do it. Most kids dont tell their friends, so its easy to feel kind o
17、f alone, like you might be the only one on the whole planet who wets the bed. 41The fancy name for bedwetting is nocturnal enuresis. Enuresis runs in families. This means that if you urinate, or pee, while you are asleep, theres a good chance that a close relative also did it when he or she was a ki
18、d. 42The most important thing to remember is that no one wets the bed on purpose. It doesnt mean that youre lazy or a slob. 43 For some reason, kids who wet the bed are not able to feel that their bladder is full and dont wake up to pee in the toilet. Sometimes a kid who wets the bed will have a rea
19、listic dream that hes in the bathroom peeing-only to wake up later and discover hes all wet. Many kids who wet the bed are very deep sleepers. 44Some kids who wet the bed do it every single night. Others wet some nights and are dry on other. A lot of kids say that they seem to be drier when they sle
20、ep at a friends or a relatives house. 45 So the brain may be thinking, “Hey, you!Dont wet someone elses bed!“ This can help you stay dry even if youre not aware of it.A. The good news is that almost all kids who wet the bed eventually stop.B. Trying to wake up someone who wets the bed is often like
21、trying to wake a log-they just stay asleep.C. Its something you cant help doing.D. Just like you may have inherited your moms blue eyes or your uncles long legs, you probably inherited bedwetting, too.E. Thats because kids who are anxious about wetting the bed may not sleep much or only very lightly
22、.F. But you are not alone.15 What Makes Me the Weight I Am?Theres no easy answer to this question. Your genetic makeup, the physical traits that get passed down to you from your parents, plays a big part in determining your size and weight. 41 But if your parents are smaller than average, you may wa
23、nt to rethink that professional basketball career!The same goes for your body type. Have you ever heard someone say a person is “big boned“? Its a way of saying the person has a large frame, or skeleton, big bones usually weight more than small bones. 42Like your height or body type, your genes have
24、 a lot to say about what your weight will be. But thats only part of the story. Being overweight can run in someones family, but it may not be because of their genes. 43 And even though some kids gain weight more easily than others, when they eat right and exercise, most kids can be a healthy and ha
25、ppy weight thats right for them. Its truethe way you live can change the way you look.How much you weight is a balance between the calories you eat and the calories you use. 44 If you spend your free time watching TV, your body wont use as many calories as it would if you played basketball, skated,
26、or went for a walk. If you are in balance, your weight will stay right for you as you grow. But if you eat more and exercise less, you may become overweight. _45A. Thats why its possible for two kids with the same height, but different weights, to both be the right weight.B. If you eat more calories
27、 than your body needs to use, you will gain too much weight.C. Poor eating and exercise habits also run in families and this may be the reason the members of a family are overweight.D. However, many overweight people have difficulty reaching their healthy body weight.E. On the other hand, if you eat
28、 less and exercise more, you may lose weight.F. If both your parents are tall, there is a good chance youll be tall.20 How One Simple Movement Can Let Slip the Secrets of the MindBody language1 is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It is said that our body movements communicate abo
29、ut 50 per cent of what we really mean while words themselves only express 7 per cent. So, while your mouth is closed, just what is your body saying. . .Arms. 41 If you keep your arms to the sides of your body or behind your back, this suggests you are not afraid of taking on whatever comes your way.
30、 _42 _ If someone upsets you, just cross your arms to show youre unhappy!Head. When you want to appear confident, keep your head level. If you are monitor in class, you can also take on this position when you want your words to be taken seriously. 43Legs. Your legs tend to move around a lot more tha
31、n normal when you are nervous or, telling lies. If you are at interviews, try to keep them still!Posture.A good posture makes you feel better about yourself. 44 This makes breathing more difficult, which in turn can make you feel nervous or uncomfortable.Mouth. When you are thinking, you often purse
32、 your lips. You might4 also use this position to hold back all angry comment you dont wish to show. 45A. If you are feeling down, you normally dont sit straight, with your shoulders inwards.B. If you are pleased, you usually open your eyes wide and people can notice this.C. Outgoing people generally
33、 use their arms with big movements, while quieter people keep them close to their bodies.D. How you hold your arms shows how open and receptive you are to people you meet.E. However, it will probably still be noticed, and people will know youre not pleased.F. However, to be friendly in listening or
34、speaking, you must move your head a little to one side.考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷 56 答案与解析Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)【知识模块】 阅读1 【正确答案】 F【试题解析】 “空 41”前面两个句子讲的是，受全球气候变暖的影响，北极的冰正在融化，估计到 2100 年夏天北极将成为无冰的世界。北极越来越不适合圣诞老人居住了。
35、于是，读者或许会猜想，在这种情况下，圣诞老人该怎么办呢?选项 F 说，“He may have to move from the North Pole within our childrens lifetimes”，其意思与上文配合得天衣无缝，北极住不下去了，只能移居他处。因此 F 是答案。【知识模块】 阅读2 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 “空 42”前面一句说，好莱坞电影极地快车想让观众相信圣诞老人的故乡在北极。下面该填什么呢?选项 A 说，“However，Nordic nations all reject it by claiming that their countries are
36、his home”，北欧国家不同意这种说法，都声称自己的国家才是圣诞老人的故乡。意思和上文配得上，但意思正好相反。所以，“空 42”句子的句首用 however 与前一句接起来。A 是答案。【知识模块】 阅读3 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 “空 43”前面一句说，丹麦科学部发言人提出拯救圣诞老人的几个办法。“空 43”的内容应该涉及具体的拯救办法。选项 D 符合这个要求。D 说其中一个办法是：如果北极的冰融化，就人工造个浮冰场地，上面可以承载圣诞老人的工场。从上下文意思的连接上，从 One of them(指代前一句的 ways)的用词上，都可以确定，D 是答案。【知识模块】 阅读4 【正确
37、答案】 C【试题解析】 选项 C 的句子一开始就用“Denmarks claim”重复“空 44”前面一句的“claiming(to the sovereignty over the Pole)”，从词汇重复上，我们可以判断，填入“空 44”的应该是选项 C 的句子。我们再从意思上分析下。丹麦认为，圣诞老人的故乡是格陵兰有助于加强丹麦声称自己拥有北极的主权的地位。选项 C 说，如果丹麦的这一要求得到国际社会认可的话，它就拥有合法的权利去勘测北极的石油和天然气。上下文意思是连贯的，所以 C 是答案。【知识模块】 阅读5 【正确答案】 E【试题解析】 “空 45”前面一句说，“Finland ha
38、s been most favored by Father Christmas and it has about 500，000 tourists a year to visit its Christmas center in Rovaniemi in Lapland”。当看到选项 E 中重复出现 Rovaniemi，就知道“空 45”的位置上应该是选项 E 的句子。圣诞老人如此眷顾 Rovaniemi，每年约有 50 万游客来参观 Rovaniemi 的圣诞中心。E 的句子说“Maybe Father Christmas has already moved to Rovaniemi(说不定圣
39、诞老人已经移居罗瓦涅米了)”，是对前一句“眷顾”的颇有风趣的总结，也与“空 41”的句子“He may have to move from the North Pole within our childrens lifetimes”遥相呼应。选项 E 是本题的答案。【知识模块】 阅读【知识模块】 阅读6 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 文章的第一段已经提到使身体瘦削的女性自认为身体肥胖的原因有很多，但一项新的研究表明，对身体形象所存有的不正确的态度有可能与儿时的经历有关。文尊的第二段是对第一段内容的进一步展与细化。【知识模块】 阅读7 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 本空的前一句讲到，体重不达标逐
40、渐被普遍视为“理想的”女性身材。冈此，“研究者指出，许多体重正常的女性希望再轻些”作为接下来的一句是十分合适的。【知识模块】 阅读8 【正确答案】 F【试题解析】 本空之前的一句提到，调查是以问卷形式进行的。因此，接下来的一句应涉及问卷的内容。【知识模块】 阅读9 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 文章的第二段已经提到，对身体形象存在有不正确的态度是与儿时的经历有关的，其中包括：父亲或者母亲生病，或是年幼时便开始酗酒或是过性生活。空格之前的一句提到了儿时经历父亲或是母亲生病，接下来的句子肯定涉及年幼时便开始酗酒或是过性生活的经历。【知识模块】 阅读10 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 文章的最后一句
41、是对研究结果的重述。【知识模块】 阅读【知识模块】 阅读11 【正确答案】 F【试题解析】 文章第一段主要讲全世界每晚尿床的孩子不计其数，但大多数孩子对自己尿床的事儿都闭口不言。因此你要是尿床的话，很容易感到你是独自一人好像全世界只有你一个人尿床。但事实并非如此。【知识模块】 阅读12 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 此段主要讲尿床在家族中遗传，也就是说，如果你有尿床的毛病，很可能你的近亲中有人小的时候也尿床。因此说尿床是遗传所致。【知识模块】 阅读13 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 此句之前的两句话已经说明没有人会故意尿床，可见这是一件身不由己的事情。【知识模块】 阅读14 【正确答案】 B【
42、试题解析】 前一句讲，许多尿床的孩子都睡得很沉，因此接下来自然要说想叫醒爱尿床的孩子是件很难的事。【知识模块】 阅读15 【正确答案】 E【试题解析】 前一句讲，许多尿床的孩子说在朋友或者亲戚家中过夜时，他们似乎不会尿床，接下来就应该讲明其原因。【知识模块】 阅读【知识模块】 阅读16 【正确答案】 F【试题解析】 文章开头表明，一个人的基因构成，即父母遗传给他的特征，很大程度上决定了他的身高和体重。接下来的句子应是对此论点的具体阐释：说明父母高矮与你的关系。【知识模块】 阅读17 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 前两句表明，人的骨骼有大小之分，而大骨骼通常比小骨骼要重，因此才有可能出现这种现象
43、，即身高相同、体重不同的两个孩子体重均正常。【知识模块】 阅读18 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 前一句讲，身体超重有可能在家族中代代相传，但又不是基因遗传所致，接下来的句子就应说明其原因。即不良的饮食习惯与运动习惯也代代相传，而这正可能是家族成员普遍超重的原因。【知识模块】 阅读19 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 前一句讲，一个人的体重体现的是所摄入热最与所消耗热量之间的平衡。由此可以推断，摄入的热量如果超过了身体的需要，就会超重。【知识模块】 阅读20 【正确答案】 E【试题解析】 前一句讲，如果一个人吃得多而运动得少就有可能超重。“反之亦然”，即“吃得少而运动得多，体重就会减轻”，这显然
44、应该是下一句所表达的意思。【知识模块】 阅读【知识模块】 阅读21 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 本段讲的是手臂的动作。已知的两个句子是对手臂在具体情况下具体动作的描述。从所处的位置上看，用以补充的句子应该是对手臂动作的概括性描述。D 符合条件。【知识模块】 阅读22 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 这个位置的前后两个句子都是对手臂动作的概括性描述。用以补充的句子也应该如此。C 讲的是开朗的人和沉默寡言的人手臂的动作，符合条件。【知识模块】 阅读23 【正确答案】 F【试题解析】 本段前两句讲在哪种情况下不能歪头。F 讲的是应该歪一点头的情况，恰好与前面构成对比。【知识模块】 阅读24 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 本段讲身体姿势。填充句后一个句子提到 This(这)会使呼吸更加困难，This 显然指的是一种不太好的身体姿势，A 与此相吻合。【知识模块】 阅读25 【正确答案】 E【试题解析】 本段讲嘴的动作。填充句的上一个句子谈到，如果想要抑制自己，使自己不发火，可以将嘴唇收拢。但事实上，这样做别人仍能看出你不高兴，也就是 E 的内容。【知识模块】 阅读
