1、2002 年中国人民大学考博英语真题试卷（精选）（无答案）一、Structure and Vocabulary1 He seemed reluctant to send his troops in an effort to discourage the_peasants.（A）animated（B） rebellious（C） creased（D）impassive2 The company will_to its agreement, no matter how costly the process may be.（A）retain（B） alter（C） abandon（D）adhere3
2、 The drug store at the corner of our street sells aspirins and_penicillin prescriptions.（A）dispenses（B） disposes（C） disperses（D）dispatches4 AIDS is causing great public concern because the_fatal disease hits primarily young people.（A）invariably（B） imperatively（C） transiently（D）deceptively5 The house
3、s in this area were all erected in_of housing regulations.（A）compliance（B） defiance（C） alliance（D）obedience6 He had wanted a 25% raise in pay, but after talking to his boss, he decided that a 5% raise would have to_.（A）suffice（B） satisfy（C） gratify（D）delight7 The two delegates had an in-depth exchan
4、ge of views on how to enhance their_cooperation.（A）ethical（B） bilateral（C） mandatory（D）subsidiary8 It is agreed that all nations should take measures against terrorism on the basis of the UN_ and other international laws.（A）Charter（B） Constitution（C） Concordance（D）Custody9 When we credit the success
5、ful people with intelligence, physical strength or good luck we are making excuses for ourselves because we fall_in all three.（A）rare（B） lacking（C） short（D）scarce10 Three weeks after the suicide bombing, the police were still hunting for bombers for they believe more were_.（A）on the verge（B） on the
6、sly（C） on the spot（D）on the loose11 As there was not enough money to bury all dead AIDS orphans, 23 babies were interred in a modest cemetery in South Africa before World AIDS Day.（A）parentless children（B） miserable victims（C） contagious bodies（D）infectious patient12 In his opinion, the objection to
7、 barbarity does not mean that capital punishment should not go on.,（A）adversity（B） savagery（C） habitat（D）integrity13 What is at fault in our present system is not the outcome but the fallible procedure.（A）sublime（B） erroneous（C） plausible（D）impeccable14 It could not be ruled out that, sooner or late
8、r, the country would break out of the treaty.（A）confirmed（B） tolerated（C） excluded（D）refuted15 Now researchers are directing more attention to the social and cultural impetus that propelled university graduates into careers in management.（A）implication（B） propaganda（C） impulse（D）refuted16 Lincoln, f
9、ormer president of the United States, is a conspicuous example of a poor boy who succeeded.（A）sturdy（B） obstinate（C） permanent（D）manifest17 Research should continue on controlled nuclear fusion, but no energy program should be premised on its existence until it has proved practical.（A）focused（B） con
10、centrated（C） agreed（D）based18 He displayed a complete lack of courtesy and tact in dealing with his employer.（A）tenacity（B） curiosity（C） civility（D）hostility19 Pirated compact disks and floppy disks remained the second biggest vehicle for the spread of computer viruses despite the governments determ
11、ined efforts to quash software piracy.（A）boost（B） prevent（C） crush（D）restrict20 It is reported that the latest outbreak of the bird flu in Pennsylvania in the United States has prompted China to slap a ban on poultry imports from the sate.（A）marine products（B） dairy products（C） industrial products（D
12、）avian products 二、Cloze20 The effect of the baby boom on the schools helped to make possible a shift in thinking about the role of public education in the 1920s. In the 1920s, but especially【C1】_the Depression of the 1930s, the United States experienced a【C2】_birth rate. Then with the prosperity【 C3
13、】_on by the Second World War and the economic boom that followed it, young people married and【C4】_households earlier and began to【C5】_larger families than had their 【 C6】_during the Depression. Birth rates rose to 102 per thousand in 1946, 106.2 in 1950, and 118 in 1955. 【C7】_economics was probably
14、the most important【C8】_, it is not the only explanation for the baby boom. The increased value placed【 C9】_the idea of the family also helps to【C10】_this rise in birth rates. The baby boomers began streaming【C11】_the first grade by the mid-1940s and became a【C12】_by 1950. The public school system su
15、ddenly found itself【C13】_The wartime economy meant that few new schools were built between 1940 and 1945. 【C14 】_. large numbers of teachers left their profession during that period for better-paying jobs elsewhere.【C15 】_. in the 1950s, the baby boom hit an antiquated and inadequate school system.
16、Consequently, the custodial rhetoric of the 1930s no longer made【C16 】 _: keeping youths ages sixteen and older out of the labor market by keeping them in school could no longer be a high 【C17】_for an institution unable to find space and staff to teach younger children. With the baby boom, the focus
17、 of educators【C18】_turned toward the lower grades and back to basic academic skills and【C19】_. The system no longer had much【C20 】_in offering nontraditional, new, and extra services to older youths.21 【C1 】（A）in（B） for（C） at（D）on22 【C2 】（A）accelerating（B） strengthening（C） declining（D）fluctuating23
18、【C3 】（A）took（B） produced（C） brought（D）carried24 【C4 】（A）adopted（B） incorporated（C） administered（D）established25 【C5 】（A）increase（B） raise（C） erect（D）generate26 【C6 】（A）predecessors（B） successors（C） processors（D）oppressors27 【C7 】（A）Since（B） Despite（C） Although（D）Unless28 【C8 】（A）tenant（B） determinan
19、t（C） lubricant（D）repentant29 【C9 】（A）at（B） on（C） for（D）with30 【C10 】（A）demonstrate（B） interpret（C） exhibit（D）explain31 【C11 】（A）through（B） across（C） into（D）towards32 【C12 】（A）creek（B） flood（C） bonus（D）pledge33 【C13 】（A）overtaxed（B） overdosed（C） overweighed（D）overlapped34 【C14 】（A）Moreover（B） However
20、（C） Otherwise（D）Thus35 【C15 】（A）Nevertheless（B） Therefore（C） Furthermore（D）Hence fore36 【C16 】（A）sense（B） meaning（C） sensible（D）meaningful37 【C17 】（A）notoriety（B） compatibility（C） proximity（D）priority38 【C18 】（A）refutably（B） indispensably（C） inevitably（D）respectively39 【C19 】（A）conference（B） symposi
21、mn（C） seminar（D）discipline40 【C20 】（A）ability（B） advantage（C） benefit（D）interest三、Reading Comprehension40 When I was a kid, I never knew what my parents or anyone elses did for a living. As far as I could tell, all grownups had mysterious jobs that involved drinking lots of coffee and arguing about
22、Richard Nixon. If they had job-related stress, they kept it private. Now American families are expected to be more intimate. While this has resulted in a lot more hugs, “I love you,“ and attendance at kids football games, unfortunately we parents also insist on sharing the frustrations of our work l
23、ives.While we have complained about our jobs or fallen asleep in car-pool lines, our children have been noticing. They are worried about us. A new survey, “Ask the children“, conducted by the Families and Work Institute of New York City, queried more than 1,000 kids between the ages of 8 and 18 abou
24、t their parents work lives. “If you were granted one wish to change the way your parents work affected your life,“ the survey asked kids, “what would that wish be?“ Most parents assumed that children would want more time with them, but only 10% did. Instead, the most common wish(among 34%)was that p
25、arents would be less stressed and tired by work.Allison Levin is the mother of three young children and is a professional in the growing field of “work / life quality“. Levin counsels employees who are overwhelmed by their work and family obligations to carefully review their commitments not only at
26、 the office but at home and in the community too and start paring them down. “Its not about getting up earlier in the morning so you can get more done,“ she says. “Its about saying no and making choices.“We can start by leaving work, and thoughts of work, behind as soon as we start the trip home. Do
27、 something to get yourself in a good mood, like listening to music, rather than returning calls on the cell phone. When you get home, change out of your work clothes, let the answering machine take your calls, and stay away from e-mail. When your kids ask about your day, tell them about something go
28、od that happened.(In the survey, 69% of moms said they liked their work, but only 42% of kids thought their mothers really did.)Parents can also de-stress by cutting back on their childrens activities. If keeping up with your kids schedule is killing you, insist that he choose between karate lessons
29、 and the theater troupe. Parents should also sneak away from work and family occasionally to have some fun. I keep a basketball in the trunk of my car. I might never be able to fix everything at work or at home, but at least I can work on my jump shot.41 Which of the following can be the best title
30、of this passage?（A）Kids Say: Chill.（B） Kids Stress Parents.（C） Parents Complain about Work.（D）Parents Get in Good Mood.42 The author mentions her own childhood experience to show that_.（A）she never understood why her parents had odd jobs and argued about the president（B） she didnt know what her pare
31、nts did to earn money to support the family when she was young（C） she did understand why the American became more and more close and hugged a lot（D）she could see that the American parents keep the stress and tiredness from work to themselves43 We can infer from the second paragraph that nowadays the
32、 children_.（A）are very anxious about their parents for their hard work（B） are looking forward to being with their parents（C） are very considerate about their parents（D）are very ambitious to change their parents work44 The phrase “paring them down“ in the third paragraph most likely means_.（A）gatheri
33、ng the work and family duties together（B） matching the work quality to life quality（C） decreasing the defeating commitments（D）denying to fulfill their work and family obligations45 Which of the following is not the way to de-stress the parents heavy burden?（A）Forgetting about the job as soon as leav
34、ing the office.（B） Reducing participating the activities for the office.（C） Sharing with the children some happy experience.（D）Taking part more actively in community activities.45 There are a number of formats for reporting research, such as articles to appear in journals, reports addressed to fundi
35、ng agencies, theses or dissertations as part of the requirements for university degrees, and papers to be presented at conferences. These formats differ from one another mostly in their purposes and the audiences to whom they address. We will now briefly describe them.The journal article is a way of
36、 reporting research for professional journals or edited collections. The research is reporting in a brief, yet informative way, focusing mostly on the main features of the research such as the purpose, review of the literature(often referred to as “background“), procedures used for carrying out the
37、research accompanied by tables, charts, and graphs, and interpretations of the results(often referred to as discussion).The content and emphasis of the journal article will vary according to the intended readers(research or practitioners)and it is important for the researcher to be aware of the back
38、ground and interest of the readers of the journal. Articles intended to be read by practitioners will emphasize the practical implications and recommendations of the research, while articles intended to be read by researchers will describe in detail the method used to collect data, the construction
39、of data collection procedures, and the techniques used for analyzing the data. It is important for the novice researcher to be aware of the fact that articles submitted to journals go through a process of evaluation by experts who make a judgment and recommend whether they should be published or not
40、.The thesis or dissertation is a format for reporting research which graduate students write as part of fulfilling the requirements for an advanced academic degree. The student is expected to describe in great detail all the phases of the research so it can be examined and evaluated carefully by the
41、 reader. Thus the thesis or dissertation includes the purpose and significance of the study, the rationale, a thorough review of the literature, detailed information as to the research tools and the procedures involved in their development, a description of data analysis and the results, and an inte
42、rpretation of the results in the form of conclusions, implications, and recommendation. This detailed description of the process of the research is needed to provide the professors with an indication of the students ability to carry out research.The conference paper is a way of reporting research at
43、 conferences, seminars and colloquia. At such meetings research papers are usually presented orally. They are similar to the research article since research is reported in a concise, yet informative way, focusing on the most essential elements of the research. Handouts and transparencies can also ac
44、company the presentations. As with the research article, here too, the content and emphasis of the oral report will depend to a large extent on the type of audience present at the meeting, and whether they are researchers or practitioners.46 The best title for this passage could be_.（A）Types of Rese
45、arch Reports（B） Types of Journal Articles（C） Writing of research Reports（D）Writing of Different Articles47 The common aspect for the journal articles, theses and conference papers lies in that_.（A）they are all for the practitioners（B） they are all to be read by researchers（C） they are all for being
46、published（D）they are all forms of reporting research48 We can distinguish those research reports from each other mainly through_.（A）their writing style and length（B） their aims and possible audiences（C） their presented places and time（D）their content and purposes49 Which of the following statements
47、is NOT mentioned in this passage?（A）Both journal articles and conference papers are reported in a brief and informative way.（B） All the theses or dissertations and conference papers are reported in spoken languages.（C） Both the journal articles and conference papers are influenced greatly by the int
48、ended receivers.（D）The various formats of research reports may be presented in different ways.50 How can a professor evaluate a students capability of implementing the research?（A）By concentrating on the main factors like the purpose, background, procedures and discussion.（B） By emphasizing the prac
49、tical implications and recommendations of the research.（C） By focusing on the detailed description of the process of the research such as the tools, procedures, the process of data analysis, the results, conclusions, etc.（D）By noticing the detailed method used to collect the data, the construction of the data collection procedures, the techniques for analyzing the date and results, etc
