1、2010 年职称英语（理工类）B 级真题试卷（无答案）一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15 题，每题 1 分，共 15 分)下面每个句子中均有 1 个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1 个意义最为接近选项。1 Patricia stared at the other girls with resentment（A）anger（B） doubt（C） love（D）surprise2 The document was compiled by the Department of Health（A）written（B） printed（C） attached（D）sent3 Hes sp
2、ent years cultivating a knowledge of art（A）sharing（B） using（C） denying（D）developing4 Weve seen a marked shift in our approach to the social issues（A）clear（B） regular（C） quick（D）great5 Her father was a quiet man with graceful manners（A）polite（B） similar（C） usual（D）bad6 I want to provide my boys with
3、a decent education（A）good（B） special（C） private（D）general7 In the process，the light energy converts to heat energy（A）reduces（B） changes（C） leaves（D）drops8 Many cities have restricted smoking in public places（A）limited（B） allowed（C） stopped（D）kept9 What are my chances of promotion if I stay here?（A）r
4、etirement（B） advertisement（C） advancement（D）replacement10 If we leave now，we should miss the traffic（A）direct（B） stop（C） mix（D）avoid11 There was a profound silence after his remark（A）proud（B） short（C） sudden（D）deep12 I enjoyed the play-it had a clever plot and very funny dialogues（A）long（B） boring（C
5、） original（D）humorous13 The thief was finally captured two miles away from the village（A）caught（B） killed（C） found（D）jailed14 Such a database would be extremely costly to set up（A）establish（B） destroy（C） update（D）transfer15 The two banks have announced plans to merge next year（A）combine（B） close（C）
6、break（D）sell二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22 题，每题 1 分，共 7 分)下面的短文后列出了 7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。15 A Great Quake Coming?Everyone who lives in San Francisco knows that earthquakes are common in the Bay Area-and they can be devastatingIn 1906，for example，a major
7、 quake destroyed about 28,000 buildings and killed hundreds，perhaps thousands of people Residents now wonder when the next“Big One”will strikeIts bound to happen somedayAt least seven active fault(断层)lines run through the San Francisco area Faults are places where pieces of Earths crust(地壳)slide pas
8、t each otherWhen these pieces slip，the ground shakes To prepare for that day，scientists are using new techniques to reanalyze the 1906 earthquake and predict how bad the damage might be when the next one happens One new finding about the 1906 quake is that the San Andreas fault split apart faster th
9、an scientists had assumed at the timeDuring small earthquakes，faults rupture(断裂)at about 2.7 kilometers per secondDuring bigger quakes，howeverruptures can happen at rates faster than 3.5 kilometers per second At such high speeds，massive amounts of pressure build up，generating underground waves that
10、can cause more damage than the quake itselfLucky for San Francisco，these pressure pulses(脉冲)traveled away from the city during the 1906 eventAs bad as the damage was，it could have been far worse Looking aheadscientists are trying to predict when the next major quake will occur Records show that eart
11、hquakes were common before 1906Since then，the area has been relatively quietPatterns in the data，however，suggest that the probability of a major earthquake striking the Bay Area before 2032 is at least 62 percent New buildings in San Francisco are quite safe in case of future quakesStill，more than 8
12、4 percent of the citys buildings are old and weakAnalyses suggest that another massive earthquake would cause extensive damage People who live there today tend to feel safe because San Francisco has remained pretty quiet for a whileAccording to the new research，howeverits not a matter of“if”the Big
13、One will hitIts just a matter of when16 The San Francisco area is located above several active fault lines（A）Right（B） Wrong（C） Not mentioned17 The 1906 earthquake in San Francisco is the most severe one in American history（A）Right（B） Wrong（C） Not mentioned18 The highest speed of fault ruptures in th
14、e 1906 quake was more than 3.5 kilometers per second（A）Right（B） Wrong（C） Not mentioned19 Earthquakes rarely happened in San Francisco before 1906（A）Right（B） Wrong（C） Not mentioned20 San Francisco is fully prepared for another big earthquake（A）Right（B） Wrong（C） Not mentioned21 Scientists will be able
15、 to predict the exact time of an earthquake soon（A）Right（B） Wrong（C） Not mentioned22 A major earthquake striking San Francisco someday is inevitable（A）Right（B） Wrong（C） Not mentioned三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30 题，每题 1 分，共 8 分)下面的短文后有 2 项测试任务：(1)第 23-26 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为第 2-5 段每段选择一个最佳标题；(2)第 27-30 题要求从所给的 6
16、个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。22 Natural Gas1Natural gas is produced from reservoirs deep beneath the earths surfaceIt is a fossil fuel(矿物燃 料)，meaning that it is derived from organic material buried in the earth millions of years agoThe main component of natural gas is methane(甲烷)2The popularity and use of clea
17、n natural gas has increased dramatically over the past 50 years as pipeline infrastructure(基础设)has been installed to deliver it conveniently and economically to millions of residential，commercial and industrial customers worldwideToday，natural gas service is available in all 50 states in the US，and
18、is the leading energy choice for fueling American homes and industries More than 65 million American homes use natural gasIn fact，natural gas is the most economical source for home energy needs，costing one-third as much as electricityIn addition to heating homes，much of the gas used in the United St
19、ates is used as a raw material to manufacture a wide variety of products， from paint，to fibers for clothing，to plastics for healthcare，computing and furnishingsNatural gas is also used in a significant number of new electricity-generating power plants3Natural gas is one of the safest and cleanest fu
20、els availableIt emits( 发出)less pollution than other fossil fuel sourcesWhen natural gas is burned，it produces mostly carbon dioxide(二氧化碳)and water vapor-the same substances emitted when humans breatheCompared with some other fossil fuels，natural gas emits the least amount of carbon dioxide into the
21、air when combusted(燃烧)-making natural gas the cleanest burning fossil fuel of all4The United States consumes about one-third of the worlds natural gas output，making it the largest gas-consuming region in the worldThe USDepartment of Energys Energy Information Administration forecasts that natural ga
22、s demand will grow by more than 50 percent by 20255There are huge reserves of natural gas beneath the earths surfaceThe largest reserves of natural gas can be found in Russia，West and North Africa and the Middle EastLNG(液化天然气)has been produced domestically and imported in the United States for more
23、than four decades Today，the leading importers of LNG are Japan，Korea，France and Spain AClean fuel of choice BNatural gas prices CNatural gas consumption DPopularity and use of natural gas EDisadvantages of natural gas FNatural gas reserves and supply 23 Paragraph 2_24 Paragraph 3_25 Paragraph 4_26 P
24、aragraph 5_26 Aover the past 50 years Bbeneath the earths surface Cby more than 50 percent Dfor more than four decades Eas a raw material Ffor home energy needs 27 Natural gas is stored deep_28 Natural gas is recognized as the most economical energy source_29 When manufacturing many different produc
25、ts，people commonly use natural gas_30 It is estimated that by 2025 the natural gas demand in the United States will increase_四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45 题，每题 3 分，共 45 分)下面有 3 篇短文后有 5 道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1 个最佳选项。30 Walking to Exercise the BrainDo you think sitting and studying all the time will improve students gra
26、des? Think againGetting some exercise may help，too New research with older people suggests that taking regular walks helps them pay attention better than if they didnt exercise Previous research had shown that mice learn，remember，and pay attention better after a few weeks of working out on a running
27、 wheel Mice that exercise have greater blood flow to the brain than those who dontTheir brain cells also make more connections Neuroscientists(神经科学家)from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign wanted to find out if the same thing is true for peopleFirst，they measured the physical fitness of
28、41 adults，ages 58 to 77，after each person walked 1 mileThen，participants looked at arrows on a computer screen and had to use computer keys to show which way one particular arrow was pointing Adults who were physically fit were faster at the arrow task，and their answers were just as accurate as thei
29、r less-fit peers，the researchers foundThe fitter participants also had more blood flow to a part of their brain responsible for paying attention and making decisions In a second study，15 elderly people who completed a 6-month aerobic-training(有氧运动)course were faster at attention tasks compared with
30、14 seniors who just did stretching and toning(韵律操)exercises for the same amount of time So，even going for a walk every 2 or 3 days for just 10 to 45 minutes can helpThat should be good news for the elderly The effects of exercising on the brains of younger people havent been studied yetStill，it cant
31、 hurt to take occasional breaks and go for a walk or run around with friendsWhatever you do，though，dont try to read and walk at the same timeYou could end up hurting yourself! 31 Walking regularly helps elderly people（A）lose weight（B） become happier（C） concentrate better（D）look younger32 After takin
32、g exercise for a few weeks，the mice were found to have（A）higher blood pressure（B） faster heartbeat（C） more blood flow to the brain（D）better appearance33 The first study on 41 elderly people found（A）the less-fit participants did arrow tasks faster （B） the fitter participants did arrow tasks faster（C）
33、 the less-fit participants gave more accurate answers（D）the fitter participants gave more accurate answers34 It can be good for health when one takes a walk every 2 or 3 days for at least（A）3 minutes（B） 45 minutes（C） 30 minutes（D）10 minutes35 It is suggested in the last paragraph that people should（
34、A）run around once a week（B） not read and walk at the same time（C） go for a walk every day（D）not hurt their friends while exercising35 Night of the Living AntsWhen an ant dies，other ants move the dead insect out of the nestThis behavior is interesting to scientists，who wonder how ants know for sure-a
35、nd so soon-that another ant is dead Dong-Hwan Choe，a scientist at the University of California，found that Argentine ants have a chemical on the outside of their bodies that signals to other ants，“Im dead-take me away” But theres a twist to Choes discoveryChoe says that the living ants-not just the d
36、ead ones -have this death chemicalIn other words，while an ant crawls around ，perhaps in a picnic or home，its telling other ants that its dead What keeps ants from hauling away the living dead?Choe found that Argentine ants have two additional chemicals on their bodies，and these tell nearby ants some
37、thing like，“Wait-Im not dead yet” So Choes research turned up two sets of chemical signals in ants：one says， “Im dead，”the other set says，“Im not dead yet” Other scientists have tried to figure out how ants know when another ant is deadIf an ant is knocked unconscious，other ants leave it alone until
38、 it wakes upThat means ants know that unmoving ants can still be alive Choe suspects that when an Argentine ant diesthe chemical that says“Wait-Im not dead yet” quickly goes awayOnce that chemical is gone，only the one that says“Im dead”is left“Its because the dead ant no longer smells like a living
39、ant that it gets carried to the graveyard(墓地 )，not because its body releases new，unique chemicals after death，”said Choe When other ants detect the“dead”chemical without the“not dead yet”chemical，they haul away the bodyThis was Choes hypothesis(假设) To test his hypothesis，Choe and his team put differ
40、ent chemicals on Argentine ant pupae(蛹) When the scientists used the“Im dead”chemical，other ants quickly hauled the treated pupae away When the scientists used the“Wait-Im not dead yet”chemical，other ants left the treated pupae alone Choe believes this behavior shows that the“not dead yet”chemical o
41、verrides(优胜于)the“dead”chemical when picked up by adult antsAnd that when an ant dies，the“not dead yet”chemical fades away Other nearby ants then detect the remaining“dead”chemical and remove the body from the nest36 The phrase“this death chemical”in paragraph 3 refers to（A）the chemical that contains
42、 poison（B） the chemical that announces death（C） the chemical that prevents death（D）the chemical that causes death37 Which of the following statements is NOT true of ants?（A）Ants know very soon that another ant is dead （B） When an ant is dead，others move its body out of the nest（C） If an ant is uncon
43、scious，it is moved out of the nest（D）Living ants have the“Im dead”chemical on their bodies 38 According to Choes hypothesis，（A）the“Im dead”chemical leaves the body of an ant when it dies（B） an ant still smells like a living one when it dies（C） an ant gives off a new chemical when it dies（D）the“Im no
44、t dead yet”chemical leaves the body of an ant when it dies39 According to paragraph 7，what is the result of the test on Choes hypothesis?（A）It shows that his hypothesis is wrong（B） It proves that his hypothesis is convincing（C） It suggests that his hypothesis needs revising（D）Not enough evidence has
45、 been found to support his hypothesis40 The passage“Night of the Living Ants”tells us about（A）how an ant is moved out of the nest at night（B） what an ant does at night（C） how an ant finds its way in darkness（D）what happens when an ant dies40 The IcemanOn a September day in 1991，two Germans were clim
46、bing the mountains between Austria and Italy High up on a mountain pass，they found the body of a man lying on the iceAt that height(10,499 feet， or 3,200 meters)，the ice is usually permanent，but 1991 had been an especially warm yearThe mountain ice had melted more than usual and so the body had come
47、 to the surface It was lying face downwardThe skeleton(骨架)was in perfect condition，except for a wound in the headThere was still skin on the bones and the remains of some clothesThe hands were still holding the wooden handle of an ax and on the feet there were very simple leather and cloth bootsNear
48、by was a pair of gloves made of tree bark(树皮)and a holder for arrows Who was this man? How and when had he died? Everybody had a different answer to these questionsSome people thought that it was from this century，perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World War I，since several soldiers had already been found in the areaA Swiss woman believed it might be her father，who had died in those mountains twenty years before and whose body had never been foundThe scientists who rushed to look at the body thought it was probably much older，maybe even
