1、2015 年 6 月大学英语四级真题试卷（一）（无答案）一、Part I Writing1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then comment on the kids understanding of going to school. You should write at least 120 words
2、 but no more than 180 words.Section A（A）He will give the woman some tips on the game.（B） The woman has good reason to quit the game.（C） He is willing to play chess with the woman.（D）The woman should go on playing chess.（A）The man can forward the mail to Mary.（B） She can call Mary to take care of the
3、 mail.（C） Mary probably knows Sallys new address.（D）She would like to resume contact with Sally.（A）His handwriting has a unique style.（B） His notes are not easy to read.（C） He did not attend todays class.（D）He is very pleased to be able to help.（A）The man had better choose another restaurant.（B） The
4、 new restaurant is a perfect place for dating.（C） The new restaurant caught her fancy immediately.（D）The man has good taste in choosing the restaurant.（A）He has been looking forward to spring.（B） He has been waiting for the winter sale.（C） He will clean the womans boots for spring.（D）He will help th
5、e woman put things away.（A）The woman is rather forgetful.（B） The man appreciates the womans help.（C） The man often lends books to the woman.（D）The woman often works overtime at weekends.（A）Go to work on foot.（B） Take a sightseeing trip.（C） Start work earlier than usual.（D）Take a walk when the weathe
6、r is nice.（A）The plane is going to land at another airport.（B） All flights have been delayed due to bad weather.（C） Temporary closing has disturbed the airports operation.（D）The airports management is in real need of improvement.（A）It specializes in safety from leaks.（B） It is headquartered in Londo
7、n.（C） It has a partnership with LCP.（D）It has a chemical processing plant.（A）He is Mr. Grands friend.（B） He is a safety inspector.（C） He is a salesman.（D）He is a chemist.（A）Director of the safety department.（B） Mr. Grands personal assistant.（C） Head of the personnel department.（D）The public relation
8、s officer.（A）Wait for Mr. Grand to call back.（B） Leave a message for Mr. Grand.（C） Provide details of their products and services.（D）Send a comprehensive description of their work.（A）She learned playing the violin from a famous French musician.（B） She dreamed of working and living in a European coun
9、try.（C） She read a lot about European musicians and their music.（D）She listened to recordings of many European orchestras.（A）She began taking violin lessons as a small child.（B） She was a pupil of a famous European violinist.（C） She gave her first performance with her father.（D）She became a professi
10、onal violinist at fifteen.（A）It gave her a chance to explore the city.（B） It was the chance of a lifetime.（C） It was a great challenge to her.（D）It helped her learn classical French music.Section B（A）There are mysterious stories behind his works.（B） There are many misunderstandings about him.（C） His
11、 works have no match worldwide.（D）His personal history is little known.（A）He moved to Stratford-on-Avon in his childhood.（B） He failed to go beyond grammar school.（C） He was a member of the town council.（D）He once worked in a well-known acting company.（A）Writers of his time had no means to protect t
12、heir works.（B） Possible sources of clues about him were lost in a fire.（C） His works were adapted beyond recognition.（D）People of his time had little interest in him.（A）Theft.（B） Cheating.（C） Air crash.（D）Road accidents.（A）Learn the local customs.（B） Make hotel reservations.（C） Book tickets well in
13、advance.（D）Have the right documents.（A）Contact your agent.（B） Get a lift if possible.（C） Use official transport.（D）Have a friend meet you.（A）Cut down production cost.（B） Sell inexpensive products.（C） Specialise in gold ornaments.（D）Refine the taste of his goods.（A）At a national press conference.（B）
14、During a live television interview.（C） During a local sales promotion campaign.（D）At a meeting of top British businesspeople.（A）Insulted.（B） Puzzled.（C） Distressed.（D）Discouraged.（A）The words of some businesspeople are just rubbish.（B） He who never learns from the past is bound to fail.（C） There sho
15、uld be a limit to ones sense of humour.（D）He is not laughed at, that laughs at himself first.Section C26 Looking at the basic biological systems, the world is not doing very well. Yet economic indicators show the world is【B1】_. Despite a slow start at the beginning of the eighties, global economic o
16、utput increased by more than a fifth during the【B2】_. The economy grew, trade increased, and millions of new jobs were created. How can biological indicators show the【B3】_of economic indicators?The answer is that the economic indicators have a basic fault: they show no difference between resource us
17、es that【B4】_progress and those uses that will hurt it. The main measure of economic progress is the gross national product(GNP).【B5】_, this totals the value of all goods and services produced and subtracts loss in value of factories and equipment. Developed a half-century ago, GNP helped【B6】_a commo
18、n way among countries of measuring change in economic output. For some time, this seemed to work【B7】_well, but serious weaknesses are now appearing. As indicated earlier, GNP includes loss in value of factories and equipment, but it does not【B8 】_the loss of natural resources, including nonrenewable
19、 resources such as oil or renewable resources such as forests.This basic fault can produce a【B9】_sense of national economic health. According to GNP, for example, countries that overcut forests actually do better than those that preserve their forests. The trees cut down are counted as income but no
20、 subtraction is made for【B10】_the forests.27 【B1 】28 【B2 】29 【B3 】30 【B4 】31 【B5 】32 【B6 】33 【B7 】34 【B8 】35 【B9 】36 【B10 】Section A36 The U. S. Department of Education is making efforts to ensure that all students have equal access to a quality education. Today it is【C1】_the launch of the Excellent
21、 Educators for All Initiative. The initiative will help states and school districts support great educators for the students who need them most.“All children are【C2】_to a high-quality education regardless of their race, zip code or family income. It is【C3】_important that we provide teachers and prin
22、cipals the support they need to help students reach their full【C4】_,“ U. S. Secretary of Education Arrie Duncan said. “ Despite the excellent work and deep【C5】_of our nations teachers and principals, students in high-poverty, high-minority schools are unfairly treated across our country. We have to
23、do better. Local leaders and educators will【C6】_their own creative solutions, but we must work together to【C7】_our focus on how to better recruit, support and【C8】_effective teachers and principals for all students, especially the kids who need them most. “Todays announcement is another important ste
24、p forward in improving access to a quality education, a【C9】_of President Obamas year of action. Later today, Secretary Duncan will lead a roundtable discussion with principals and school teachers from across the country about the【C10】_of working in high-need schools and how to adopt promising practi
25、ces for supporting great educators in these schools.A)announcing I)distributingB)beneficial J)enhanceC)challenges K)entitledD)commitment L)potentialE)component M)properlyF)contests N)qualifiedG)critically O)retain H)develop37 【C1 】38 【C2 】39 【C3 】40 【C4 】41 【C5 】42 【C6 】43 【C7 】44 【C8 】45 【C9 】46 【C
26、10 】Section B46 The Changes Facing Fast FoodA)Fast-food firms have to be a thick-skinned bunch. Health experts regularly criticise them severely for selling food that makes people fat. Critics even complain that McDonalds, whose logo symbolises calorie excess, should not have been allowed to sponsor
27、 the World Cup. These are things fast-food firms have learnt to cope with. But not perhaps for much longer. The burger business faces more pressure from regulators at a time when it is already adapting strategies in response to shifts in the global economy.B)Fast food was once thought to be recessio
28、n-proof. When consumers need to cut spending, the logic goes, cheap meals like Big Macs and Whoppers become even more attractive. Such “trading down“ proved true for much of the latest recession, when fast-food companies picked up customers who could no longer afford to eat at casual restaurants. Tr
29、affic was boosted in America, the home of fast food, with discounts and promotions, such as $1 menus and cheap combination meals.C)As a result, fast-food chains have weathered the recession better than their more expensive competitors. In 2009 sales at full-service restaurants in America fell by mor
30、e than 6% , but total sales remained about the same at fast-food chains. In some markets, such as Japan, France and Britain, total spending on fast food increased. Same-store sales in America at McDonalds, the worlds largest fast-food company, did not decline throughout the downturn. Panera Bread, a
31、n American fast-food chain known for its fresh ingredients, performed well, too, because it offers higher-quality food at lower prices than restaurants.D)But not all fast-food companies have been as fortunate. Many, such as Burger King, have seen sales fall. In a severe recession, while some people
32、trade down to fast food, many others eat at home more frequently to save money. David Palmer, an analyst at UBS, a bank, says smaller fast-food chains in America, such as Jack in the Box and Carls Jr. , have been hit particularly hard in this downturn because they are competing with the global giant
33、 McDonalds, which increased spending on advertising by more than 7% last year as others cut back.E)Some fast-food companies also sacrificed their own profits by trying to give customers better value. During the recession companies set prices low, hoping that once they had tempted customers through t
34、he door they would be persuaded to order more expensive items. But in many cases that strategy did not work. Last year Burger King franchisees(特许经营人 )sued(起诉)the company over its double-cheeseburger promotion, claiming it was unfair for them to be repuired to sell these for $1 when they cost $1.10 t
35、o make. In May a judge ruled in favour of Burger King. Nevertheless, the company may still be cursing its decision to promote cheap choices over more expensive ones because items on its “value menu“ now account for around 20% of all sales, up from 12% last October.F)Analysts expect the fast-food ind
36、ustry to grow modestly this year. But the downturn is making companies rethink their strategies. Many are now introducing higher-priced items to entice(引诱 )consumers away from $1 specials. KFC, a division of Yum! Brands, which also owns Taco Bell and Pizza Hut, has launched a chicken sandwich that c
37、osts around $5. And in May Burger King introduced barbecue(烧烤)pork ribs at $7 for eight.G)Companies are also trying to get customers to buy new and more items, including drinks. McDonalds started selling better coffee as a challenge to Starbucks. Its “ McCafe“ line now accounts for an estimated 6% o
38、f sales in America. Starbucks has sold rights to its Seattles Best coffee brand to Burger King, which will start selling it later this year.H)As fast-food companies shift from “super size“ to “more buys“ , they need to keep customer traffic high throughout the day. Many see breakfast as a big opport
39、unity, and not just for fatty food. McDonalds will start selling porridge(粥)in America next year. Breakfast has the potential to be very profitable, says Sara Senatore of Bernstein, a research firm, because the margins can be high. Fast-food companies are also adding midday and late-night snacks, su
40、ch as blended drinks and wraps. The idea is that by having a greater range of things on the menu, “ we can sell to consumers products they want all day,“ says Rick Carucci, the chief financial officer of Yum! Brands.I)But what about those growing waistlines? So far, fast-food firms have cleverly avo
41、ided government regulation. By providing healthy options, like salads and low-calorie sandwiches, they have at least given the impression of doing something about helping to fight obesity(肥胖症). These offerings are not necessarily loss-leaders, as they broaden the appeal of outlets to groups of diner
42、s that include some people who dont want to eat a burger. But customers cannot be forced to order salads instead of fries.J)In the future, simply offering a healthy option may not be good enough. “Every packaged-food and restaurant company I know is concerned about regulation right now,“ says Mr. Pa
43、lmer of UBS. Americas health-reform bill, which Congress passed this year, requires restaurant chains with 20 or more outlets to put the calorie-content of items they serve on the menu. A study by the National Bureau of Economic Research, which tracked the effects on Starbucks of a similar calorie-p
44、osting law in New York City in 2007, found that the average calorie-count per transaction fell 6% and revenue increased 3% at Starbucks stores where a Dunkin Donuts outlet was nearbya sign, it is said, that menu-labelling could favour chains that have more healthy offerings. K)In order to avoid othe
45、r legislation in America and elsewhere, fast-food companies will have to continue innovating(创新). Walt Riker of McDonalds claims the change it has made in its menu means it offers more healthy items than it did a few years ago. “We probably sell more vegetables, more milk, more salads, more apples t
46、han any restaurant business in the world,“ he says. But the recent proposal by a county in California to ban McDonalds from including toys in its high-calorie “Happy Meals“ , because legislators believe it attracts children to unhealthy food, suggests there is a lot more left to do.47 Some people pr
47、opose laws be made to stop McDonalds from attaching toys to its food specials for children.48 Fast-food firms may not be able to cope with pressures from food regulation in the near future.49 Burger King will start to sell Seattles Best coffee to increase sales.50 Some fast-food firms provide health
48、y food to give the impression they are helping to tackle the obesity problem.51 During the recession, many customers turned to fast food to save money.52 Many people eat out less often to save money in times of recession.53 During the recession, Burger Kings promotional strategy of offering low-pric
49、ed items often proved ineffective.54 Fast-food restaurants can make a lot of money by selling breakfast.55 Many fast-food companies now expect to increase their revenue by introducing higher-priced items.56 A newly-passed law asks big fast-food chains to specify the calorie count of what they serve on the menu.Section C56 If you think a high-factor sunscreen(防晒霜)keeps you safe from harmful rays, you may be wrong. Research in this weeks Nature show
