1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 285（无答案）SECTION A MINI-LECTUREDirections: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. Wh
2、en the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.0 Body SystemsA body system refers to a group of organs, which are parts of the body that do a special job, suc
3、h as the heart, lungs and kidneys.Ten major body systems in the human body:1)the skeletal system, which includes the bones and the 【1】_ 【1】_tissues.2)the muscle system, which plays the role of moving the body, pushingthe food through the body and making the blood 【2 】_ 【2】_3)the nervous system which
4、 is made up of the brain, the spinal【3】_and the nerves. 【3】_4)the 【4】_system which comprises of the stomach and the 【4】_intestines and 【5】_food to provide energy for the body. 【5】_5)the respiratory system which consists of the windpipe and【6】_and takes air into the body. 【6】_6)the circulatory system
5、 which includes the blood, the heart, and all theblood 【7】_ 【7】_7)the 【8】_system made up of the kidneys and bladder. 【8】_8)the lymphatic system.9)the endocrine system composed of special 【9】_which give 【9】_out hormones.10)the 【10】_system consisting of organs involved in making 【10】_new human beings.
6、1 【1】2 【2】3 【3】4 【4】5 【5】6 【6】7 【7】8 【8】9 【9】10 【10】SECTION B INTERVIEWDirections: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to a
7、nswer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.11 Which of the following statements is NOT true about Armstrongs STAR?（A）A stands for actions.（B） T stands for titles.（C） S stands for situations.（D）R stands for results. 12 Armstrong suggests all the following preparations EXCE
8、PT（A）looking at the mirror.（B） practicing simulated interviews.（C） practicing answering questions.（D）finding some of your strong points. 13 What shall an interviewee do after the interview according to Armstrong?（A）Wait for the recruiters notice.（B） Revisit the recruiter for the result.（C） Send a le
9、tter of thanks.（D）Give the interviewer a call to confirm their resolution. 14 Interviewers nowadays are asking questions that are going to（A）get at more specific things.（B） get at more general things.（C） get at more personal things.（D）get at more public things. 15 When asking you to give a specific
10、example of a time when a co-worker criticized your work, the interviewers（A）want to know about your temper.（B） focus on your assertiveness.（C） care about your teamwork skills.（D）doubt about your honesty. SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTDirections: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen c
11、arefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.16 Frances highest court halted the final voyage of the Clemenceau because（A）the French President Jacque Chirac has ordered the return of it.（B） some substances on b
12、oard the ship may harm peoples health.（C） the Clemenceau should return to France at the end of the week.（D）the French President is ordering a test to discover what is on board. 17 The man Mr. Cheney accidentally shot and injured is（A）a doctor.（B） a secretary.（C） a lawyer.（D）a leader. 18 The Bush Adm
13、inistration has been accused by Harry Reid of（A）being covert.（B） shielding Dick.（C） being dishonest.（D）attacking the victim. 19 Which of the following statements about the American Defense Department is TRUE?（A）It has denied the authenticity of the pictures of abused prisoners.（B） It has supported t
14、he decision to stop the publication of the pictures.（C） It has considered the pictures of abused prisoners unacceptable.（D）It has been worrying about the violence incited by the pictures. 20 If Rene Prevals supporters exceeded 50% of the total voters, he would（A）surpass another candidate.（B） be the
15、president of Haiti.（C） avoid a second round runoff.（D）defeat his rival in the first round. 20 Large part as a consequence of the feminist movement, historians have focused a great deal of attention in recent years on determining more accurately the status of women in various periods. Although much h
16、as been accomplished for the modern period, premodern cultures have proved more difficult: sources are restricted in number, fragmentary, difficult to interpret, and often contradictory. Thus it is not particularly surprising that some earlier scholarship concerning such cultures has so far gone unc
17、hallenged. An example is Johann Bachofens 1861 treatise on Amazons, women-ruled societies of questionable existence contemporary with ancient Greece.Starting from the premise that mythology and legend preserve at least a nucleus of historical fact, Bachofen argued that women were dominant in many an
18、cient societies. His work was based on a comprehensive survey of references in the ancient sources to Amazonian and other societies with matrilineal customs-societies in which descent and property rights are traced through the female line. Some support for his theory can be found in evidence such as
19、 that drawn from Herodotus, the Greek “historian“ of the fifth century B. C, who speaks of an Amazonian society, the Sauromatae, where the women hunted and fought in wars. A woman in this society was not allowed to marry until she had killed a person in battle.Nonetheless, this assumption that the f
20、irst recorders of ancient myths have preserved facts is problematic. If one begins by examining why ancients refer to Amazons, it becomes clear that ancient Greek descriptions of such societies were meant not so much to represent observed historical fact-real Amazonian societies-but rather to offer
21、“moral lessons“ on the supposed outcome of womens rule in their own society. The Amazons were often characterized, for example, as the equivalents of giants and centaurs, enemies to be slain by Greek heroes. Their customs were presented not as those of a respectable society, but as the very antithes
22、es of ordinary Greek practices.Thus, I would argue the purpose of accounts of the Amazons for their male Greek recorders was didactic, to teach both male and female Greeks that all-female groups, formed by withdrawal from traditional society, are destructive and dangerous. Myths about the Amazons we
23、re used as arguments for the male-dominated status quo, in which groups composed exclusively of either sex were not permitted to segregate themselves permanently from society. Bachofen was thus misled in his reliance on myths for information about the status of women. The sources that will probably
24、tell contemporary historians most about women in the ancient world are such social documents as gravestones, wills and marriage contracts. Studies of such documents have already begun to show how mistaken we are when we try to derive our picture of the ancient world exclusively from literary sources
25、, especially myths. 21 All of the following are stated by the author as problems connected with the sources for knowledge of premodern cultures EXCEPT _.（A）in completeness（B） restricted accessibility（C） difficulty of interpretation（D）limited quantity 22 Which of the following can be inferred from th
26、e passage about the myths recorded by the ancient Greeks?（A）They may have included portrayals of women holding positions of power.（B） They may have contained elaborate explanations of inheritance customs.（C） They comprise almost all of the material available to historians about ancient Greece.（D）The
27、y may have contained explanations of inheritance customs and comprised all of the material available to historians about ancient Greece, 23 Which of the following is presented in the passages as evidence supporting the authors view of the ancient Greeks descriptions of the Amazons?（A）The requirement
28、 that Sauromatae women kill in battle before marrying.（B） The failure of historians to verify that women were ever governors of ancient societies.（C） The classing of Amazons as giants and centaurs.（D）The well-established unreliability of Herodotus as a source of information about ancient societies.
29、24 It can be inferred from the passage that the probable reactions of many males in ancient Greece to the idea of a society ruled by women could best be characterized as _.（A）confused and dismayed（B） wary and hostile（C） cynical and disinterested（D）curious but fearful 25 The author suggests that the
30、main reason for the persisting influence of Bachofens work is that _.（A）feminists have shown little interest in ancient societies（B） Bachofens knowledge of Amazonian culture is unparalleled（C） reliable information about the ancient world is difficult to acquire（D）ancient societies show the best evid
31、ence of women in positions of power 25 Hostility to Gypsies has existed almost from the time they first appeared in Europe in the 14th century. The origins of the Gypsies, with little written history, were shrouded in mystery. What is known now from clues in the various dialects of their language, R
32、omany, is that they came from northern India to the Middle East a thousand years ago, working as minstrels and mercenaries, metal-smiths and servants. Europeans misnamed them Egyptians, soon shortened to Gypsies. A clan system, based mostly on their traditional crafts and geography, has made them a
33、deeply fragmented and fractious people, only really unifying in the face of enmity from non-Gypsies, whom they call gadje. Today many Gypsy activists prefer to be called Roma, which comes from the Romany word for “man“. But on my travels among them most still referred to themselves as Gypsies.In Eur
34、ope their persecution by the gadje began quickly, with the church seeing heresy in their fortune-telling and the state seeing anti-social behaviour in their nomadism. At various times they have been forbidden to wear their distinctive bright clothes, to speak their own language, to travel, to marry
35、One another, or to ply their traditional crafts. In some countries they were reduced to slavery. It wasnt until the mid-1800s that Gypsy slaves were freed in Romania. In more recent times the Gypsies were caught up in Nazi ethnic hysteria, and perhaps half a million perished in the Holocaust. Their
36、horses have been shot and the wheels removed from their wagons, their names have been changed, their women have been sterilized, and their children have been forcibly given for adoption to non-Gypsy families.But the Gypsies have confounded predictions of their disappearance as a distinct ethnic grou
37、p and their numbers have burgeoned. Today there are an estimated 8 to 12 million Gypsies scattered across Europe, making them the continents largest minority. The exact number is hard to pin down. Gypsies have regularly been undercounted, both by regimes anxious to downplay their profile and by Gyps
38、ies themselves, seeking to avoid bureaucracies. Attempting to remedy past inequities, activist groups may overcount. Hundreds of thousands more have emigrated to the Americas and elsewhere. With very few exceptions Gypsies have expressed no great desire for a country to call their own-unlike the Jew
39、s, to whom the Gypsy experience is often compared. “Romanestan“ said Ronald Lee, the Canadian Gypsy writer, “is where my two feet stand. “ 26 Gypsies are united only when they_.（A）are engaged in traditional crafts（B） call themselves Roma（C） live under a clan system（D）face external threats 27 In hist
40、ory hostility to Gypsies in Europe resulted in their persecution by all the following EXCEPT _.（A）the Egyptians（B） the state（C） the church（D）the Nazis , 28 According to the passage, the main difference between the Gypsies and the Jews lies in their concepts of _.（A）language（B） culture（C） identity（D）
41、custom 29 The reason for the undercounting of Gypsies lies in the fact that _.（A）they themselves refuse to be counted（B） those who control a country are eager to despise their image, seeking to avoid bureaucracies（C） those who control a country refuse to count them since they are ugly（D）both A and B
42、 29 In a country which must certainly have been a long way away from where we Rumanians live, all the young people decided to kill all the old people. Its an old, old story. What was the use of their going on living with white beards and all? They had lived their life, theyd had their time and that
43、was that. Anyone who reached the age of fifty or a bit overhe was to be done away with.Lots of wise old men were killed and lots of wisdom passed away with them.Only one kind-hearted young man, so they say, took pity on his father; after all, he owed his life to him in the first place. So he hid him
44、 away in a cellar and took care of him.Time passed and a terrible drought came. Meadows and plough lands shriveled and withered and all the springs dried up. There was terrible famine, and sickness and all kinds of troubles came upon the young people thick and fast, and their hair began to go white
45、before its time.They would have put up with everything as best they could, but more and worse troubles followed. The snow melted and spring was upon them without their having a single grain of seed to put in the ground.They scraped the floors of all the barns that used to be stacked so high they cou
46、ld hardly hold all the grain. All the kings councilors held long talks with the king but there was nothing they could do to get themselves out of their terrible trouble. From bishop to farm worker the whole people were overcome with horror and fear at the thought that spring had come and there was n
47、othing to sow their fields with.The old man hidden in the cellar could see that his son was going about looking miserable all the. time. One day he asked him: “Whats making you look so thoughtful, my boy? Has anyone done you any harm? Are you in trouble? Tell your father all about it. He may be able
48、 to help you, even if its only with words.“The son told him all the troubles straight away, from beginning to end. The old man thought for a little and then he said: “Dont tell anybody anything for the time being. But when the last patches of snow melt on the fields, take your plough and go and plou
49、gh up the lane in front of your house. Rake it over after that and, stop worrying. “The boy followed the advice the old man had given him and what did he see? There came a quick spring rain and out of the ground there began to sprout wheat and maize, oats and barley and even beans and peas in some places. It seemed so wonderful that news of it spread up and down the country. It was a thing no one had ever heard ofa ma
