1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 619（无答案）一、Part I Writing (30 minutes)1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should Food Be Banned on the Subway? You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below.1对于禁止在地铁里吃东西的做法，有人赞成2也有人表示反对3我的看法Should Food Be Banned on the Subw
2、ay?二、Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark：Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the pas
3、sage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.1 Fat Stigma Spreads Around the GlobeIn Mexico, the latest anti-obesity (肥胖) public health campaign shows people with bulging (鼓 起的) stomachs eating oil
4、y food.“I have always thought that its your own fault,“ said Sergio Miranda, 35, who has a shoeshine stand in Mexico City. “People eat just things that make them fat, like bread and pizza.“Mr. Miranda said he did not really notice whether his clients were fat or not. But he does when he is in a crow
5、ded city bus.“The fatties take up a lot of space,“ he said. “People are annoyed. Its uncomfortable.“At a time when global health officials are stepping up efforts to treat obesity as a worrisome public health threat, some researchers are warning of a troubling side effect: growing stigma (耻辱) agains
6、t fat people.“Of all the things we could be exporting to help people around the world, really negative body image and low self-esteem are not what we hope is going out with public health messaging,“ said Alexandra Brewis, executive director of the School of Human Evolution and Social Change at Arizo
7、na State University.Dr. Brewis and her colleagues recently completed a multicountry study intended to give a snapshot of the international Zeitgeist about weight and body image. The findings were troubling, suggesting that negative perceptions about people who are overweight may soon become the cult
8、ural norm in some countries, including places where plumper, larger bodies traditionally have been viewed as attractive, according to a new report in the journal Current Anthropology.The researchers elicited answers of true or false to statements with varying degrees of fat stigmatization. The fat-s
9、tigma test included statements like, “People are overweight because they are lazy“ and “Some people are fated to be obese.“Using mostly in-person interviews, supplemented with questions posed over the Internet, they tested attitudes among 700 people in 10 countries, territories and cities, including
10、 American Samoa, Tanzania, Mexico, Puerto Rico, Paraguay, Argentina, New Zealand, Iceland, two sites in Arizona and London.Dr. Brewis said she fully expected high levels of fat stigma to show up in the “Anglosphere“ countries, including the United States, England and New Zealand, as well as in body-
11、conscious Argentina. But what she did not expect was how strongly people in the rest of the testing sites expressed negative attitudes about weight. The results, Dr. Brewis said, suggest a surprisingly rapid “globalization of fat stigma.“The change has come very, very fast in all these places,“ she
12、said.To be sure, jokes and negative perceptions about weight have been around for ages. In Mexico, for instance, a nickname (绰号) like “gordo“ which translates as “fatty,“ raises no eyebrows.But what appears to have changed is the level of criticism and blame leveled at people who are overweight. One
13、 reason may be that public health campaigns branding obesity as a disease are sometimes perceived as being critical of individuals rather than the environmental and social factors that lead to weight gain.“A lot of the negative health messages have a lot of negative moral messages that go with them,
14、“ Dr. Brewis said.Surprisingly, stigma scores were high in places that have historically held more positive views of larger bodies, including Puerto Rico and American Samoa.Stephen McGarvey, a professor of community health at Brown University who studies Samoan health issues, noted that 25 years ago
15、, Samoan study subjects living in Samoa and New Zealand who viewed thin and large body silhouettes (轮廓) mostly had positive feelings about bigger bodies. (The exception was young, educated women, who showed a preference for slimmer silhouettes.)Dr. McGarvey said that more extensive study was needed
16、to determine just how much that had changed, and that it was important that public health campaigns intended to curb diabetes and high blood pressure did not end up creating negative images of overweight individuals.“A public health focus on You can change, or This is your fault, can be very counter
17、productive,“ he said. “Stigma is serious.“What is not clear from the new research is how pervasive fat stigma has become. With only 700 people included, the study is not a representative sample of each country and reflects only a snapshot of cultural attitudes in the area studied. In addition, the r
18、esearch looked only at selected locales and did not include any Asian or Arab countries.In India, for instance, being overweight or obese is associated with being middle class or wealthy, said Scott Lear, associate professor for health sciences at Simon Fraser University in Vancouver. Even so, Dr. L
19、ear, who is studying rising childhood obesity in that country and in Canada, agrees the potential for stigmatization exists. “We know in developed countries that obese people are less successful, less likely to get married, less likely to get promoted,“ he said.Nisha Somaia, 38, who lives in New Del
20、hi and pioneered the first plus-size womens clothing stores in India, said criticism against people who are large was often direct and open. In India, she said: “Fat equals lazy. Fat equals comedy relief.“The fashion industry, Ms. Somaia said, seems to promote the ideal of beauty as having a body “l
21、ike an adolescent boy.“I think all around the ideal of beauty is skinny thin,“ she said. “I had a highly educated friend confess that she would prefer for her children to be anorexic rather than overweight.“Marianne Kirby of Orlando, Fla., who writes the fat-acceptance blog TheR, said the apparent s
22、pread of fat stigma was not surprising, given the global push to brand obesity as a major health threat.“The fundamental message were putting into the world is that fat people deserve shame for their own health,“ said Ms. Kirby, co-author of the book Lessons from the Fat-o-Sphere. “Weve been pushing
23、 this message for a long time. I dont think anyone is immune to it.“Dr. Brewis notes that far more study is needed to determine the extent of fat stigma and how it is affecting the lives of individuals. She noted that her study was designed only to detect cultural views of obesity and did not show w
24、hether people were experiencing more social or workplace discrimination as a result of the growing fat stigma.“I think the next big question is whether its going to create a lot of new suffering where suffering didnt exist before,“ Dr. Brewis said. “I think its important that we think about designin
25、g health messages around obesity that dont exacerbate the problem.“2 Sergio Miranda attributed peoples getting fat to_.（A）their sitting too much（B） their genes（C） their eating habits（D）lack of physical activity3 What is some researchers concern according to the passage?（A）Obesity has become a major
26、threat to the public health.（B） Fat people take up too much space and social resources.（C） Obesity is not taken seriously by global health officials.（D）There is growing negative perception about fat people.4 The study conducted by Dr. Brewis and her colleagues indicated that in some countries_.（A）pe
27、ople who are overweight or obese tend to be very lazy（B） negative attitude about fat people may soon become the norm（C） culture has strong influence on peoples perceptions of obesity（D）the public start to treat people with bigger bodies in a positive way5 Dr. Brewis expected that in the United State
28、s, England and New Zealand_.（A）the prevailing attitude toward overweight was negative（B） people were more conscious about their bodies（C） there was no longer any stigma attached to weight（D）few people expressed negative attitude about weight6 According to the passage, in Mexico, calling a person “go
29、rdo“_.（A）will cause conflict（B） equals harsh criticism（C） is limited to friends（D）wont surprise people7 By saying obesity is a disease, public health campaigns are thought to indicate that weight gain（A）is caused by bacteria（B） is related to the environment（C） is peoples own fault（D）is mainly due to
30、 social factors8 What do we know about the young, educated Samoa women from the passage?（A）They were less likely to get promotion.（B） They preferred attractively thin bodies.（C） They were more likely to gain weight.（D）They held positive views of larger bodies.9 Nisha Somaia suggested that in India p
31、eople usually express their disapproval of those who are overweight in a_way.10 Considering that obesity is viewed as_, Marianne Kirby thought it not surprising that fat stigma spreads globally.11 According to Dr. Brewis, more research needs to be done to find out the way fat stigma _peoples lives.S
32、ection ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. Du
33、ring the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer.（A）James had a funny face.（B） James liked to show off in class.（C） James was late for school on the first day.（D）James was the first person he met at school.（A）She was afraid of the professor.（B）
34、 She lost her key and couldnt enter her house.（C） She didnt make full preparations for her lessons.（D）She was blamed by the professor for her carelessness.（A）They still have time to prepare for it.（B） They will be fortunate enough to pass it.（C） It will be more difficult than they expect.（D）It will
35、take at least three weeks to finish it.（A）The crowd who is very noisy.（B） The room that is too small for the audience.（C） The show that is very difficult to understand.（D）The light that is not bright enough.（A）Join in the acting group to make a few friends.（B） Sing the song for his friends first.（C）
36、 Pretend that he is performing for his friends.（D）Sit there to practice the song.（A）She suggested a way out of the difficulty for the man.（B） She took the man to where he wanted to go.（C） She came a long way to meet the man.（D）She promised to help the man.（A）Two.（B） Four.（C） Eight.（D）Twelve.（A）The t
37、rain is late.（B） The train is empty.（C） The train is crowded.（D）The train is on time.（A）She hasnt got ready yet.（B） She is waiting for David.（C） She is waiting for a taxi to pick her up.（D）It is raining very hard and she doesnt have an umbrella.（A）See film downtown.（B） Call on the Johnsons.（C） Pack
38、for their holiday.（D）Buy a new umbrella.（A）It was left in Davids office.（B） It was left in Kates office.（C） It was lost in the train some day.（D）It was left in the Johnsons.（A）The most effective method of learning the German language.（B） The popularity of online shopping using ones personal computer
39、.（C） Questions that one has to answer when going through customs.（D）Native customs in Germany when meeting someone for the first time.（A）She is a Japanese.（B） She comes from Germany.（C） She is an American citizen.（D）She has British nationality.（A）In a music mailing club.（B） In a class of German cult
40、ure.（C） In a discussion group on the Internet.（D）In a seminar on the German language.（A）Take an intensive course in German.（B） Give his greetings to Lindas parents.（C） Establish a friendly relationship with Linda.（D）Learn how to say “Nice to meet you“ in German.Section BDirections: In this section,
41、you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.（A）To show his friendliness to her.（B） To show
42、his interest in reading.（C） To tell her about the importance of the UN.（D）To let her write her name and address inside.（A）Pleased.（B） Surprised.（C） Satisfied.（D）Worried.（A）An official of the UN.（B） A coffee shop owner.（C） A friend of the speaker.（D）Alexs friend from California.（A）Get into the car fo
43、r safety.（B） Wait patiently for the storm to develop.（C） Head straight for the center of the storm.（D）Collect information about a coming storm.（A）Not to drive in a heavy rain.（B） To do it in an organized way.（C） Not to get too close to a storm.（D）To spend more time on it in summer.（A）Storm-chasing i
44、s only fit for young people.（B） Many storm chasers get killed in the storms.（C） Sometimes storm chasers get nothing but disappointment.（D）Storm-chasing is becoming popular around the world.（A）To interest students in a career in counseling.（B） To recruit counselors to work in the placement office.（C）
45、 To inform students of a university program.（D）To convince local merchants to hire college students.（A）A job listing.（B） A resume.（C） A permission slip.（D）Their salary requirements.（A）Refine their interviewing techniques.（B） Arrange their work schedules.（C） Select appropriate courses.（D）Write cover
46、letters.（A）They pay the same wage.（B） They involve working outdoors.（C） They can be substituted for college students.（D）Theyre part-time.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general
47、 idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you
48、 have just heard or write down the 36 The concept of student exchange between countries is not a new one. It is a common【B1】_in many European countries and the United States of America. In fact, most of the【B2 】_universities have made student exchange programs a necessary part of their system. This
49、program is based on the【B3】_that a group of students coming from various parts of the world to a certain university for a year or even a few months can bring about a positive 【B4】_in the university.【B5 】_its root back to World War II, student exchanges quickly became 【B6】 _as they aimed to help increase the participants understanding and【B7】_of other cultures, as well as improving their language skills and【B8】_their social horizons. The
