1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 658（无答案）一、Part I Writing (30 minutes)1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should the University Campus Be Used as Public Parking Lots? You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below ：1目前一些大学开放校园作为公共停车场2有人认为这样可以资源共享，有人认为这样会扰乱教学秩
2、序3我认为Should the University Campus Be Used as Public Parking Lots?二、Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark：Y (for YES)
3、 if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.1 The Redistribution of Hope“HOPE“ is one of the most overused words in public life, up th
4、ere with “change“. Yet it matters enormously. Politicians always pay close attention to right-track/wrong-track indicators. Confidence determines whether consumers spend, and so whether companies invest. The “power of positive thinking“, as Norman Vincent Peale pointed out, is enormous.For the past
5、400 years the West has enjoyed a comparative advantage over the rest of the world when it comes to optimism. Western intellectuals dreamed up the ideas of enlightenment and progress, and Western men of affairs harnessed technology to impose their will on the rest of the world. The Founding Fathers o
6、f the United States, who firmly believed that the country they created would be better than any that had come before, offered citizens not just life and liberty but also the pursuit of happiness. Desperation roadThe Westerners growing pessimism is reshaping political life. At present, the mood in Wa
7、shington is as glum as it has been since Jimmy Carter argued that America was suffering from “malaise (不安)“. The Democrats dream that the country was on the verge of a 1960s-style liberal renaissance foundered in the midterms. But the Republicans are hardly hopeful: their creed leans towards anger a
8、nd resentment rather than optimism.Europe, meanwhile, has seen mass protests, some of them violent, on the streets of Athens, Dublin, London, Madrid, Paris and Rome. If the countries on the European Unions periphery are down in the dumps it is hardly surprising, but there is pessimism at its more su
9、ccessful core, too. The best-selling book in Germany is Thilo Sarrazins Germany Does Away With Itself, a jeremiad (血泪史) about the “fact“ that less able women are having more children than their brighter sisters. French intellectuals will soon have Jean-Pierre Chevenements Is France Finished? on thei
10、r shelves alongside Eric Zemmours French Melancholy.The immediate explanation for this asymmetry (不对称) is the economic crisis, which has not just shaken Westerners confidence in the system that they built, but also widened the growth gap between mature and emerging economies. China and India are gro
11、wing by 10% and 9%, compared with 3% for America and 2% for Europe. Many European countries unemployment rates are disgraceful even by their own dismal standards: 41% of young Spaniards are unemployed, for example. And the great American job machine has stalled: one in ten is unemployed and more tha
12、n a million may have given up looking for work. But the change goes deeper than thatto the dreams that have propelled the West.For most of its history America has kept its promise to give its citizens a good chance of living better than their parents. But these days, less than half of Americans thin
13、k their childrens living standards will be better than theirs. Experience has made them gloomy: the income of the median worker has been more or less stagnant since the mid-1970s, and, thanks to a combination of failing schools and disappearing mid-level jobs, social mobility in America is now among
14、 the lowest in the rich world.European dreams are different from American ones, but just as important to hopes of a peaceful and prosperous future. They come in two forms: an ever deeper European Union (banishing nationalism) and ever more generous welfare states (offering security). With the break-
15、up of the Euro a possibility, and governments sinking under the burden of unaffordable entitlements as their populations age and the number of workers contracts, those happy notions are evaporating. Shift happensIn the emerging world, meanwhile, they are not arguing about pensions, but building coll
16、eges. Chinas university population has quadrupled (成四倍) in the past two decades. UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) notes that the proportion of scientific researchers based in the developing world increased from 30% in 2002 to 38% in 2007. World-class companie
17、s such as Indias Infosys and Chinas Huawei are beating developed-country competitors.The rise of positive thinking in the emerging world is something to be welcomednot least because it challenges the present situation. Nandan Nilekani of Infosys says that his companys greatest achievement lies not i
18、n producing technology but in redefining the boundaries of the possible. If people in other countries take those ideas seriously, they will make life uncomfortable for the old in China and Arabia.But there are dangers, too. Optimism can easily become irrational exuberance (兴奋): asset prices in some
19、emerging markets have risen too high. And there is a danger of a Western backlash. Unless developing countries start taking their responsibility for global security seriously, Americans and Europeans may begin to wonder why they are policing the world to keep markets open for others to get rich.As f
20、or the Westerners gloom, it has its uses. There is a growing recognition that the old rich world cannot take its prosperity for grantedthat it will be overtaken by hungrier powers if it fails to deal with its structural problems. Americans are beginning to accept that their country must become less
21、wasteful. Europeans are realizing that they need to make their economies more agile and innovative. Both are beginning to treat this crisis as the opportunity that it is.Nor should Westerners overdo the despair, for the emergence of new great powers will benefit them, too. True, their governments wi
22、ll find it harder to boss the rest of the world around; their most desirable properties will increasingly be owned by foreigners; their children will have to work harder to get good jobs in an increasingly globalized economy. But the rising number of Indians, Chinese and Brazilians who can afford to
23、 buy their products and services will help their companies prosper. The countries that have provided them with workers will increasingly provide them with customers, too.It may not feel like it in the West, but this is, in many ways, the best of times. Hundreds of millions are climbing out of povert
24、y. The Internet gives ordinary people access to information that even the most privileged scholar could not have dreamed of a few years ago. Medical advances are conquering diseases and extending life spans. For most of human history, only a privileged few have reasonably been able to hope that the
25、future would be better than the present. Today the masses everywhere can; and that is surely the reason to be optimistic.2 What happened in the past 400 years according to the second paragraph?（A）Intellectuals contributed more to technology.（B） Westerners were more optimistic than others.（C） America
26、ns enjoyed a higher living standard.（D）Europeans took the lead in almost all areas.3 Compared with the Democrats, the Republicans tend to be_.（A）less hopeful and less optimistic（B） more confident in political life（C） suffering more from malaise（D）caring more about liberal renaissance4 Thilo Sarrazin
27、s best-seller tells us about_.（A）violence in European Union countries（B） melancholy of the French people（C） the sufferings of those less able women（D）the jeremiad of the women in Germany5 What does the economic crisis bring about?（A）The optimism of Europeans and Americans.（B） The failure of emerging
28、 economies.（C） The confidence of people in developing countries.（D）The unbalanced economic growth rate.6 What did America promise to do in history?（A）Give its citizens children a better life.（B） Offer more jobs for median workers.（C） Reduce the gap between the rich and the poor.（D）Make people feel o
29、ptimistic day after day.7 What does UNESCO find in the developing world?（A）More international companies appear.（B） People are talking about pensions.（C） The number of scientific researchers increases sharply.（D）Technology develops more quickly.8 According to Nandan Nilekani, Infosys greatest success
30、 lies in_.（A）the advancement in technology（B） the rise of positive thinking（C） the happiness of its employees（D）its influence on the emerging countries9 Westerners realize they will be overtaken by other countries if they cannot tackle_.10 The fact that more people from emerging countries buy things
31、 from the West may lead to the _of western companies.11 Unlike the past, today people everywhere can imagine a better future and feel_.Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be as
32、ked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer.（A）Prof. Bushs lecture was too hard to understand.（B） The m
33、an is good at taking notes.（C） The woman missed Prof. Bushs lecture.（D）The woman had problems concentrating on the lecture.（A）Surprised.（B） Indifferent.（C） Respectful.（D）Suspicious.（A）It lasts long.（B） Its of a famous brand.（C） Its loud and clear.（D）Its fashionable.（A）He thinks John has a poor eyesi
34、ght.（B） He doesnt think Johns girlfriend is beautiful.（C） He feels the woman is too critical.（D）He thinks people in love are beautiful.（A）On Monday.（B） On Tuesday.（C） On Saturday.（D）On Sunday.（A）The man enjoyed his trip very much.（B） Winter was not the best time to travel.（C） The man had been on a b
35、usiness trip.（D）The flight was a disaster for the man.（A）At the womans house.（B） At the mans house.（C） At a bar.（D）At the mans office.（A）Taking a photo.（B） Designing a hairstyle.（C） Hunting.（D）Moving the background.（A）He is looking for a job.（B） He is looking for a house.（C） He is looking for a room
36、mate.（D）He is looking for an agent.（A）A roommate who does not snore.（B） A roommate who does not smoke.（C） A roommate who is very tidy.（D）A roommate who loves studying.（A）Help do housework.（B） Bargain with the landlord.（C） Agree to share with others.（D）Sign an agreement.（A）Boss and employee.（B） Stran
37、gers.（C） Friends.（D）Teacher and student.（A）Her sons school.（B） Her sons character.（C） Her sons computer.（D）Her sons grades.（A）Let her son do what he likes.（B） Help her son make a plan.（C） Give in to her son.（D）Encourage her son.（A）She agrees with it（B） She disagrees with it.（C） She suspects it（D）She
38、 ignores it.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and
39、 D.（A）Urban History.（B） Architecture.（C） Fine Arts.（D）Urban Design.（A）Illinois University.（B） Cornell University.（C） Yale University.（D）University of Washington.（A）Functional architecture.（B） Urban planning.（C） Trends in Urban Design.（D）Federal regulations for urban development.（A）They were just big
40、 toys for children.（B） They were not so important.（C） They were the most popular form of transportation.（D）They were very attractive.（A）To make it at a low cost.（B） To make it easy for everyone to fix.（C） To make it not easily be broken down.（D）To make it available to everyone.（A）The trends of car d
41、evelopment.（B） Two models of cars.（C） The early development of transportation.（D）Costs of big-horsepower cars.（A）Because the demand for food increased.（B） Because bad weather caused the threat of food shortage.（C） Because the production of food decreased.（D）Because the riots affected the price stabi
42、lization.（A）Standing water could destroy most of next years sugar crop.（B） The flood has nothing to do with the rising price of fruits.（C） The flood has affected the growth of fruits and vegetables.（D）Queensland area will be infertile after the flood.（A）To increase the price of wheat.（B） To earn mor
43、e from exports.（C） To make sure Russians have enough wheat.（D）To recover the economy of Russia.（A）Make the farming more efficient.（B） Interfere with the price of food.（C） Make policies to control population.（D）Invest more money to feed hungry people.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hea
44、r a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to
45、 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 Elinor Ostrom is an American political scientist. She was 【B1】_the 2009 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, which she 【B2】_with Oliver E. Will
46、iamson, for “her analysis of economic governance, especially the commons.“ She is the first woman to win the prize in this 【B3】_. Ostrom lives in Bloomington, Indiana, and is on the 【B4】_of both Indiana University and Arizona State University. In 1973, she 【 B5】_ the Workshop in Political Theory and
47、 Policy Analysis at Indiana University with her husband, Vincent Ostrom. Examining the use of 【B6】 _ action, trust and cooperation in the management of common pool resources, her institutional 【B7】_to public policy, known as the institutional analysis and development (IAD) 【B8】_, has been considered
48、 sufficiently distinct to be thought of as a separate school of Public Choice Theory. 【B9】_. Ostrom is considered one of the leading scholars in the study of common pool resources. In particular, Ostroms work emphasizes 【B10】_. Common pool resources include many forests, fisheries, oil fields, grazi
49、ng lands and irrigation systems. Her work has considered 【 B11】_. Under the situation that the global warming becoming the most pressing issue facing the human race, it was not by chance that Elinor Ostrom won this years Nobel Prize in Economics.37 【B1 】38 【B2 】39 【B3 】40 【B4 】41 【B5 】42 【B6 】43 【B7 】44 【B8 】45 【B9 】46 【B10 】47 【B11 】Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to s
