1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 718（无答案）一、Part I Writing (30 minutes)1 1. 近年来越来越多的公共场所禁烟2这项举措在受到拥护的同时也引发了争议3你的看法二、Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For quest
2、ions 1-7, mark：Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.1 Currency seems like a very simple idea. Its only money, after
3、all, and thats just what we use to buy the things we want and need. We get paid by our employers, and we use that money to pay tile bills, buy our food, and purchase goods and services. We might put some in a savings account at the bank or invest it in stocks or real estate, but for the most part, c
4、urrency seems like a fairly straightforward concept.In fact, the development of currency has shaped human civilization. Currency has stopped wars, and it has started many more. Cities and nations as we know them would not exist without it. It is difficult to overstate the importance of currency in m
5、odem life. Currency as SubstituteCurrency, or money, can be defined as a unit of purchasing power. It is a medium of exchange, a substitute for goods or services. It doesnt have to be the coins or bills with which youre probably most familiar. In fact, through the ages, everything from large stone w
6、heels, knives, slabs of salt, and even human beings have been used as money. Anything that people agree represents value is currency.For example, if you have one barrel of wheat, and you want a cow, without currency you have to find someone who not only has a cow, but also wants a barrel of wheat an
7、d will agree to the trade.Now, if you live in a place where round, stamped coins are widely considered to have a certain value and can be exchanged for other things, then you just have to find someone who needs wheat. That person will take the wheat in exchange for an agreed-upon amount of coins whi
8、ch you can later use to buy a cow from someone else.Currency as WealthBesides serving as a substitute in trades, moneys other important use is as a store of wealth. In a straight barter system, the commodities being traded are generally perishable. You can gather tons and tons of wheat by making shr
9、ewd trade deals, but if you try to save the wheat, it will eventually go bad. Money allows people to accumulate wealth.This had an enormous impact on civilization, because it meant that power wouldnt always be passed through families. People who had been excluded from any possibility of holding poli
10、tical power could amass wealth through trade or by providing a service. That wealth could then be used to purchase political or even military power. So money made civilization more democratic by taking some power out of the hands of noble families that had monopolized it for hundreds of years.Forms
11、of Currency: CommodityThe forms and functions of currency have changed over the last 3,000 years or so, generally falling into four categories:Commodity currencyCoinsPaper moneyElectronic currencyCommodity CurrencyThe development of commodity-based currency systems represents more of a blurring betw
12、een barter systems and later currency systems than a revolutionary change. In a commodity system, the money used is not only a “place-holder“ for purchasing power, but it is something that has an inherent value by itself.A good example of a commodity system is the one used by the Aztecs. They placed
13、 great value on cacao beans, which could be used to make chocolate. The beans were small and easy to carry, so they were often used to balance out or make change in barter agreements.Forms of Currency: CoinsThe first coins were minted in Lydia, an ancient empire in the area of modem Turkey. The Lydi
14、an king Croesus started making small metal ingots stamped with an imperial emblem around 640 B. C.This Lydian custom spread to the Greeks and eventually to the Romans. Coins were usually made of silver or gold, and their value was enforced by the authority of the government that issued them. If the
15、Athenian officials declared that all coins minted in Athens, with the official stamp of Athens, were 97 percent silver, then those coins would be traded at that value.In China, coins developed at about the same time that they did in the West. In the fifth century B. C. , the Chinese began using a fo
16、rm of commodity currency in the shape of knives or other tools. The metal blades had a round hole at one end, so the money could be strung onto a rod or rope. Eventually, the tools became more stylized. Over the years, they became smaller and smaller, until only the round end with a hole in it was l
17、eft. These round, pierced Chinese coins remained virtually unchanged until the 1800s.Forms of Currency: PaperPaper money was developed first by the Chinese, who used stag skins, bark, or parchment marked with the imperial seal as “bills of payment.“ The penalty for counterfeiting was death.Paper mon
18、ey had trouble gaining acceptance in Europe. Leather money was used around 1100, but only as a temporary substitute when silver supplies ran low. A Swedish bank issued paper money in 1661, but they eventually flooded the market with it, and it lost its value.The use of paper money really caught on i
19、n Europe in the 1700s, when the official bank of the French government began issuing paper money. The idea came from goldsmiths, who often gave people bills of receipt for their gold. The bills could be exchanged for the gold at a later date. Thats an important fact in the development of paper money
20、, because it means that the money represented a real amount of gold or silver that actually existed somewhere. A piece of money was actually a promise from the institution that issued it( either a government or a bank)that the institution would give the holder of the hill a certain amount of gold or
21、 silver from its stockpile whenever he wanted it. Under this kind of system, the money is said to be “backed by gold.“ With a few temporary exceptions, during wars or other emergencies, all currency in the world was backed by a real supply of precious metal until 1971.Forms of Currency: ElectronicSi
22、nce money is really just a representation of value, it didnt take long for people to realize they could just send information about money by telegraph or other electronic means, and it was just as “real“ as sending the money itself. After World War , banks would record information about the days tra
23、nsactions onto large magnetic reels, which were taken to the regional Federal Reserve Bank. This system eliminated the need for the large denominations that were printed prior to the war to facilitate these large-scale transfers. Today, the $ 500, $1,000, $ 5,000, and $10,000 bills printed during th
24、is period are very rare, though some are still in circulation.Later, wire connections were established between the banks, so the transfer information could be sent directly.By the early 1990s, all transfers between banks and the Federal Reserve were clone electronically.2 This passage gives a genera
25、l description of the development and functions of currency. （A）Y（B） N（C） NG3 In history human beings, as well as many other things, have served as money. （A）Y（B） N（C） NG4 Money allows people to accumulate wealth because they can save as much wheat as they like. （A）Y（B） N（C） NG5 People can purchase p
26、olitical or even military power because it is always passed through families. （A）Y（B） N（C） NG6 The forms and functions of money have remained more or less the same over the past 3,000 years. （A）Y（B） N（C） NG7 In a commodity system, the money can not only be used to purchase something, but it also has
27、 an inherent value by itself. （A）Y（B） N（C） NG8 The coins minted in Lydia were originally in circulation among the imperial army. （A）Y（B） N（C） NG9 The Chinese began using commodity currency in the shape of knives or other tools in_. 10 The official bank of the French government began issuing paper mo
28、ney in _. 11 People realized they could send information about money by telegraph or other electronic means since money is just a _. Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be aske
29、d about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer.（A）She prefers to live in a new house.（B） She has just bought
30、 a new house.（C） She likes to have someone wait for her.（D）She feels pleasant to have a roommate.（A）Find a key for the woman.（B） Ask the woman to come back later.（C） Take the exam for the woman.（D）Try to find the womans notebook.（A）Hire someone to fix the washing machine.（B） Use the washing machines
31、 in the gym.（C） Notify the maintenance people to fix the machine.（D）Ask someone in his dormitory to wash his clothes.（A）It is very boring.（B） It is very interesting.（C） It is a waste of time.（D）It is his responsibility.（A）They communicate with each other mainly by e-mails.（B） They communicate with e
32、ach other by cell phones more.（C） They didnt have their own cell phones in the past.（D）They have their own choices of ways to communicate with each other.（A）He is sure to quit his job.（B） He is a changeable person.（C） He may not change his job.（D）He likes telling jokes.（A）There was no electricity in
33、 his area.（B） The game wasnt shown in his area.（C） He didnt want to watch the game.（D）He didnt have a TV.（A）On campus.（B） At a gallery.（C） In a bookstore.（D）At a grocery store.（A）How to increase ones speed in a bicycle race.（B） Major Canadian bicycle race（C） The contributions of cycling to health.（D
34、）An annual cycling event.（A）The length of the course.（B） The route the cyclists take.（C） The number of the participants.（D）The month in which the tour is held.（A）They are not competing with each other.（B） They have to pay a high fee.（C） They tend to be beginning cyclists.（D）Most of them fail to fini
35、sh the route.（A）The banana is still green.（B） Their pet ate part of it.（C） The daughter hates bananas.（D）The banana smells weird.（A）Rice and eggs.（B） Steak and bacon.（C） Pancakes.（D）Cereal.（A）Because she helped him in the kitchen.（B） Because its the girls birthday.（C） Because she cant cook well.（D）B
36、ecause her father enjoys cooking.（A）The girls friend drops by and brings breakfast.（B） The father decides to make his daughter fish.（C） The girl might be getting married.（D）The girl has no time to have a long chat with the father.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages.
37、At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.（A）As a medicine.（B） As flavored hard candy.（C） As a cooking oil.（D）As a soft d
38、rink.（A）He was a drugstore clerk.（B） He developed the cola syrup.（C） He suffered from ,severe headaches.（D）He sold cola to doctors.（A）By mixing it with special oils.（B） By combining it with different flavors.（C） By adding soda water.（D）By heating it.（A）To improve the intelligence level of the nation
39、.（B） To improve the English language teaching in American schools.（C） To improve the foreign language teaching in American schools.（D）To improve the cooperation of the department of Education and Defense.（A）Because children may use less money in foreign language learning.（B） Because children may ser
40、ve in the government in the future.（C） Because children may speak a foreign language better than adults.（D）Because children may learn a foreign language more easily than adults.（A）Sending more American students to other countries to study their language.（B） Hiring more foreign language teaching assi
41、stants in American schools.（C） Starting earlier foreign language teaching in American elementary schools.（D）Investing more money in studying, the teaching methods of foreign languages.（A）Close to the city centre.（B） In the suburb.（C） Inside the city.（D）Far away from the city.（A）Saving money.（B） Trav
42、eling by bus.（C） Enjoying city life.（D）Traveling on foot.（A）Sunday newspaper.（B） Television program.（C） Information agency.（D）All the newspapers.（A）It is more convenient to live in the hotel if you stay in the U.S.（B） It can save much money to live away from the city.（C） You can rent a place for som
43、e time if you want to save money.（D）Most people go visiting houses or apartments on Sunday morning.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for th
44、e second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36
45、The golden rule your parents and teachers taught you was pretty simple: Do unto others as youd have others do unto you. Imagine how you would feel if you were in the other persons shoes. Stand up for yourself, but try not to【B1】_ peoples feelings.In【 B2】_ , we state this in an even more【B3】_ manner.
46、Remember the human.When you communicate by using a computer, all you see is a computer【B4】_ . You cant use【B5 】_ expressions,【B6】_ , or tone of voice to communicate your meaning. Words are all you have. The same is true for the person who is writing to you.When you are talking on-lime-whether its an
47、 e-mail【B7】_ or a response to a discussion group-it is easy to misinterpret meaning. Its too easy to forget that your【 B8】_ is a person with feelings like your own.Computers bring people together who might never meet in real life.【B9】_ . Humans writing e-mail often behave the way some people behave
48、when they drive a car. They curse at other drivers, make obscene gestures, and behave badly.【B10】_ . But the computer (or the car) seems to make it okay.The message of netiquette is that it is not acceptable.【B11】_ But remember the main rule of Netiquette. Those are real people out there.37 【B1 】38
49、【B2 】39 【B3 】40 【B4 】41 【B5 】42 【B6 】43 【B7 】44 【B8 】45 【B9 】46 【B10 】47 【B11 】Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item with a single line through t
