1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 753（无答案）一、Part I Writing (30 minutes)1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Limiting the Use of Disposable Plastic Bags. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 一次性塑料袋曾被广泛使用。 2. 使用一次性塑料袋带来的问题。 3. 限制使用一次性塑料袋的意
2、义。Limiting the Use of Disposable Plastic Bags _二、Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark：Y (for YES) if the statement
3、agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.1 Rocket RenaissanceThe Ear of Private Spaceflight Is About to StartBackgroundTwo years ago, people witnesse
4、d the first space travel by SpaceShip One. Three people were involved in this flight: Burt Rutan, who designed the craft, and Mike Melvill, who flew it-although they were ably assisted by Paul Allen, one of the founders of Microsoft, who paid for it. Certainly, people have long been known that manne
5、d spaceflight was possible. What they showed was that it is not just a game for governments. Private individuals can play, too.People involvedNow, lots of people want to join in, and most of them have just met up at the International Space Development Conference in Los Angeles, to engage in that mix
6、ture of camaraderie and competition that characterises the beginnings of a new technology. And, as might be expected, they have two of the necessary ingredients of success: ideas and money.First, the money. So far, more than $1 billion is known to have been committed to building private spaceships a
7、nd the infrastructure to support them. For example, Mr Rum s follow-up vehicle, SpaceShip Two, is expected to cost its backers, Virgin Galactic, $240m for a fleet of five. The spaceport in New Mexico from which these are intended to fly will account for another $225m, although New Mexicos government
8、 is planning to raise this money itself.These are not small sums, of course. On the other hand, Virgin Galactic has already banked $14m of deposits towards the $200,000 fare from people who want to travel on SpaceShip Two, even though it has yet to be built, let alone flown.All this suggests that sp
9、aceflight, if not exactly entering the age of the common man, is at least entering the age of the moderately prosperous enthusiast. For entrepreneurs, it is no longer necessary to have billions of dollars to get into space; millions will now do. And for those who merely wish to travel there, and hav
10、e enough money in their bank account, reality is favourable.Get startedAs with aircraft a century ago, a lot of designs are competing with each other, and there is no certainty about which will succeed. The initial goal is to build a “suborbital“ vehicle. This will not have to develop the tremendous
11、 speed needed to go into orbit around the Earth. instead, it will travel briefly into space, offering a short thrilling ride out of the atmosphere, a few minutes of weightlessness, and a spectacular view of the planet from about 100kin. Four important criteria are how you take off, what fuel you use
12、, what your craft is made of, and how you come back.Most peoples vision of a rocket launch is straight up from the ground. But, of the five vehicles most likely to be developed, two will actually be launched from the air. SpaceShip Two will be carded to high altitude by a purpose-built aircraft know
13、n as Eve before its rocket motor is ignited. And Explorer, a vehicle being designed by Space Adventures, will be launched from the top of a high-altitude Russian research plane called the M-55X, according to Eric Anderson, the firms president and chief executive.As Dennis Jenkins, a consultant engin
14、eer at NASA, Americas space agency, points out, this is similar to using a two-stage rocket to get into space, with the aircraft acting as the first stage. However, a plane offers several advantages over a throw-away booster rocket. First, it can be used again. Second, it uses oxygen from the air, r
15、ather than having to carry its own oxidant, which saves weight. Third, it is lifted by wings. That means the atmosphere is an advantage, rather than a hindrance. All this means that the spacecraft itself can be lighter and cheaper.Not everyone wants to run two vehicles, though. Jeff Greason, preside
16、nt of XCOR Aerospace, a firm based in Mojave, California, is developing a two-person, ground-launched suborbital rocketplane called Xerus. Launching from the ground, says Mr. Greason, is more difficult than air launching, but he reckons that in this case it has significantly lower operating costs.Fu
17、el choicesThe second important design choice is the type of fuel. Unlike a jet engine, a rocket carries its own oxidant (氧第剂). This is why it can operate in space. Sometimes that oxidant is oxygen itself, in liquid form. In that case the fuel, too, is usually liquid-either kerosene (煤油) or liquid hy
18、drogen (氢) and the two liquids are stored in separate tanks until they meet in the rockets combustion chamber. Alternatively, both fuel and oxidant are solid, and are loaded pre-mixed, like the propellant of a firework rocket.SpaceShip Two, though, follows the design of SpaceShip One and is powered
19、by a mixture of the two. The combustion chamber of a mixture is partly filled with solid fuel but no oxidant. However, the fuel is coated round the inside of the chamber, leaving a hole through the middle into which a liquid or gaseous oxidant can be pumped, and out of which the exhaust emerges. In
20、SpaceShip One, the fuel was rubber and the oxidant a liquefied gas called nitrous oxide (一氧化二氮).Proponents of mixture say they are safer than either pure solid or pure liquid rockets. George Whittinghill, Virgin Galactics chief technologist, says that they are safer than solid rockets because the fl
21、ow of oxidant can be controlled, and combustion halted, if there is a problem. Solid rockets, like the fireworks they resemble, cannot be stopped until they run out of fuel. On the other hand liquid-fuelled engines, though they can be shut down, are complex and temperamental. As Mr. Whittinghill obs
22、erves, “they have pumps, seals, valves and lines everywhere, and there is a lot that potentially could go wrong.“All this rather irrates those working on liquid propulsion. Richard Pournelle, head of investor relations at XCOR Aerospace, says the comparison is unfair. Liquid propulsion is routine in
23、 rocketry while hybrids are still rare. Numbers alone, therefore, mean that liquid-fuelled rockets blow up more often. That, Mr. Pournelle argues, does not prove that they are inherently unsafe. Chuck Lauer, vice- president of business development for Rocketplane, another firm going down the liquid-
24、fuelled route, agrees and argues that kerosene is widely used as aviation fuel and nobody complains that it is unsafe.2 It is only two years ago that people became aware of the fact that manned spaceflight was actually possible.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG3 Spaceflight is possible for individuals who want to fly
25、 in the space and who have the money.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG4 The initial goal of building an aircraft is to make the vehicle fly, and speed was not such a primary consideration.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG5 All of the five vehicles most likely to be developed will be launched from the air.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG6 Although it i
26、s possible to launch the spaceship both from ground and from the air, some people believe its more cost-effective to launch it from ground.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG7 A consultant engineer at NASA points out that using aircraft acting as the first Stage provides several advantages over a throw-away booster roc
27、ket.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG8 In the design considerations of a spaceship, fuel choice is as important as the method of launching.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG9 A rocket carries its own oxidant, and its fuel is usually either kerosene or_.10 Proponents of mixture say that they are_than either pure solid or pure liquid roc
28、kets.11 Proponents of kerosene cite the example of_using it as fuelSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions wil
29、l be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer.（A）She finds the speech of the mayor boring.（B） She thinks the new mayor is a good speaker.（C） She is tired of watching the pol
30、itical speeches on TV.（D）She has no idea how well the mayor did in the speech.（A）The new apartments can accommodate 500 students.（B） The new apartments are not available until next month.（C） Most students cant afford to live in the new apartments.（D）It takes only 5 minutes to reach the campus from t
31、he apartments.（A）He thought Dr. Parkers tests were easy.（B） Dr. Parker is no longer teaching history.（C） The womans source of information is reliable.（D）He didnt enjoy taking history tests of Dr. Parkers.（A）A case of bank robbery.（B） The search for the reliable witness（C） The interview with the bank
32、 clerk.（D）The terrific detective story.（A）Wait for his cousin.（B） Go to the airport.（C） Prepare dinner.（D）Go to the concert.（A）Worried.（B） Cheerful.（C） Confident.（D）Angry.（A）At a reception desk.（B） At a store.（C） In a bank.（D）In a hotel.（A）Sign his name for the fan.（B） Fill in an application form.（C
33、） Exchange gifts with his friends.（D）Get a purchase refunded.（A）Different social attitudes and greater life span.（B） Changed divorce and remarriage rates.（C） Sense of independence and different tastes of life.（D）Less interest in family life.（A）They hate the new laws on marriage.（B） They do not usual
34、ly get remarried.（C） They did not care about others opinions.（D）They used to be looked down upon.（A）They are out of touch with each other.（B） They are too busy to visit each other.（C） They live and work in different places.（D）They do not like family reunions.（A）Hiking.（B） Mountain biking.（C） Fishing
35、.（D）Traveling somewhere. （A）They are always right.（B） They are always wrong.（C） They are sometimes right but sometimes wrong.（D）They are helpful. （A）Rain boots.（B） Umbrellas.（C） Raincoats.（D）Some drinks. （A）Next to picnic table.（B） At home.（C） Under picnic table.（D）On picnic table. Section BDirectio
36、ns: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.（A）Given by the local gove
37、rnment.（B） Born by a large number of bitches.（C） Bought from different cities.（D）Captured over grassland.（A）11-week course for control duty.（B） 11-week course for patrol duty.（C） 9-week course for control duty.（D）9-week course for patrol duty.（A）Catching runaway criminals.（B） Scratching the hidden b
38、ombs.（C） Patrolling the dangerous town.（D）Drug sniffing or bomb sniffing.（A）It needs your bravery.（B） It may increase your wealth.（C） It will cost much of your savings.（D）It can hardly keep the value of your savings.（A）To compare clocks to human beings.（B） To tell readers what clocks look like.（C） T
39、o describe why clocks can rule the planet Earth.（D）To suggest human beings are controlled by a clock.（A）To introduce the culture of antique clocks.（B） To offer some advice on collecting antique clocks.（C） To compare different ways to make a future profit.（D）To explain convenient and reliable ways of
40、 telling time.（A）He took them to watch a basketball game.（B） He trained them to play European football.（C） He let them compete in getting balls out of a basket.（D）He taught them to play an exciting new game. （A）The players found the basket too high to reach.（B） The players had trouble getting the ba
41、ll out of the basket.（C） The players had difficulty understanding the complex rules.（D）The players soon found the game boring. （A）By removing the bottom of the basket.（B） By lowering the position of the basket.（C） By simplifying the complex rules.（D）By altering the size of the basket. Section CDirec
42、tions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just h
43、eard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 35 Ludwig van Beethoven was one of the【B1】_composers whoever lived, tie thought people that could be【B2】_when they w
44、rote music. Before his time, music was composed for a special【B3】_Often it was church music. Or, music was written to【B4】_at parties and concerts.Beethoven was born iii Germany in 1770. He was a very musical child. The boy learned to play the【B5 】_and piano, but he was not happy at home. His mother
45、died when he was in his teens. After that, his father was often drunk and【B6】_. Beethoven became a tutor in a rich family. His student s mother was very kind to the young teacher. She helped him meet many famous【B7】_One of them was Mozart. He said, “that boy will give the word something【B8】_listenin
46、g to“.When Beethoven was in his twenties, he began to go deal. The deafness changed his behaviours.【B9】_. His friends found him hard to be around, but he kept composing even when he lost all his hearing.Beethoven died when he was 57 years old. He had composed over a hundred pieces.【B10】_【B11】_Many l
47、ater composers gained new ideas from Beethovens music.36 【B1 】37 【B2 】38 【B3 】39 【B4 】40 【B5 】41 【B6 】42 【B7 】43 【B8 】44 【B9 】45 【B10 】46 【B11 】Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in
48、 a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
49、46 Perhaps like most Americans you have some extra pounds to 【S1】_ . You may even have tried a fad diet or two, but found yourself right back where you started. The key to weight loss is regular 【S2 】_ activity. And surprisingly, you dont have to give up eating or make the gym your second home to see lon
