1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 88（无答案）一、Part I Writing (30 minutes)1 For this part，you are allowe8 30 minutes to write an eye-witness account of a fire. You shoul8 write at least 120 wor8s following the outline given below in Chinese:假设你在某日某时某地目击一起火灾，就此写一份见证书。见证书必须包括以下几点：1火灾发生的地点2你所见到的火灾场面3对火灾原因的分析An Eye-witness Accoun
2、t of a Fire二、Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark：Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in
3、 the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.2 Sun and Skin CancerWhen Ellen was a teenager, she loved to be out in the summer sun. She ran, she worked in her garden. She would swim and sit
4、 by the pool for hours soaking up the sunshine. And she never got tired of hearing people tell her how great her tan looked.As Ellen got older, she continued to spend lots of time outdoors in the sun. By the time she was in her forties, Ellens skin had developed a weathered look, with small creases(
5、褶皱) and wrinkles. That was okay, but she also began to notice brown patches developing on her face and hands. Ellen saw a doctor and found out she had a relatively mild case of skin cancer. Ellen was lucky. Her cancer was detected early. With early treatment, she was completely cured. But Ellen bega
6、nlate in life to pay for all those years she had spent in the sun. Ellen isnt unusual. The athletic, bronzed bodies we see in magazine ads and TV commercials constantly tell the idea that a good tan means health, attractiveness, and fun. The result is that many people believe those ads. And they spe
7、nd a lot of time in the sunoften just trying to get tan. That golden or bronze color may look nice, hot skin doctors know that sitting in the sun until you are baked several shades darker is not such a hot idea.According to the National Cancer Institute, over 400,000 Americans can expect to get some
8、 form of skin cancer this year. Most of these people will be 40 or older. However, skin cancerespecially skin cancer caused by exposure to the suncan often take many years to develop. So its never too early to protect yourself in the sun.Whats a tan?As soon as warm weather arrives, lots of people wh
9、o dont already have dark skin want to start working on their tans. But a tan isnt really natures way of making you look gorgeous. A tan is your skins defense against the suns ultraviolet(UV) radiation. UV rays damage skin cells. So when you decide to have a marathon roasting session in the sun, cell
10、s in your skin called melanocytes(黑色细胞) go to work overtime. They produce an extra supply of melanin(黑色素), the brown/black pigment(色素) that gives your skin its color. That extra melanin makes your skin darker, and thats why you “tan“.Think of your tan as a shield of melanin your body produces to blo
11、ck out the UV radiation. The problem is, it is a weak shield at best. Theres no way for your body to protect itself fully against the suns harmful raysespecially if you expose yourself to the sun hour after hour, clay after day, year after year. As you get older, the buildup of many hours in the sun
12、 means more of a chance for skin damage and possibly skin cancer.This skin damage takes two general forms. Some UV attacks supporting cells in the lower layer of the skin, called the dermis(真皮). That causes skin to get dry, tough, and wrinkled. Even more serious is the damage the suns UV rays can do
13、 to the DNA of skin cells. DNA is the genetic blueprint that cells use to reproduce. With Damaged DNA, the skin may produce mutated(使变异，突变)cells that start to grow in an uncontrolled way: skin cancer.Nature gives you a clue about how much sun is enough by the color of your skin. If your skin is ligh
14、t, you dont have much built-in protection against the sun. You probably tan very little, if at all. So be very careful in the sun.If you have dark skin and dark hair, you can probably stand a bit more sun exposure. Just dont be fooled into thinking you can stay out in the sun indefinitely. You cant.
15、 People with dark skin also get sunburned and can suffer skin damage. It just takes a bit longer for the damage to show up.Types of skin cancerThe three most common types of skin cancer are all connected with exposure to the sun. The most common of these is basal cell carcinoma. Basal cancers often
16、look like waxy, pearly growths or red, scaly patches. They appear most often on the face, neck, or hands.Squamous cell cancer is the second most common type. This cancer spreads more quickly.Squamous cell cancers often appear on the head, hands, or other sun-expend parts of the body. They show up as
17、 sharply outlined rod, scaly patches.The third type of skin cancer is called melanoma. Melanoma is often caused by too much exposure to the sun, but it can be brought on by other things as well. Melanomas show up as brown or black mole-like growths on the back, legs, or torso(人体的躯干). They can also a
18、ppear on the palms, soles of the feet, fingers, toes.Melanoma is the rarest of these three kinds of skin cancer, but it is the most serious form. While the overwhelming majority of basal and squamous cell cancer cases can be cured, many melanoma cases are fatal.Since all of these forms of cancer can
19、 resemble harmless skin marks of irritations, be aware of marks of growths on your skin. And consult a doctor if you notice any changes.“In general, look for anything new in your skin,“ advises dermatologist, Dr. Louis Vogel.“Pay attention to anything on your skin that grows rapidly, that bleeds or
20、has irregular color. Also, suspect any mole that itches or has some areas that are darker or higher than others.“Although skin cancer is the most common form of cancer, it is also the most treatableif caught early.There are several methods of treatment. They include surgical removal, treatment with
21、heat, extreme cold and freezing, as well as chemical treatment and use of X-rays. However, as with many other diseases, the most important “cure“ is prevention. “Cover as much skin as possible when youre out in the sun,“ warns Dr. Vogel. “When youre at the beach, wear sun blocks. There are many thin
22、gs in life you cant prevent. But skin cancer is something you can often prevent if you take the proper precautions.“2 Ellen was pleased to hear people praise her great tan skin.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG3 Many people believe in the ads in magazines and TV commercials that a good tan means health, attractivenes
23、s and fun.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG4 According to the statistics released by the NCI, over 400,000 Americans suffer some form of skin cancer this year, most of whom will be 40 or older.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG5 If you stay in the sun overtime, the cells called melanocytes will produce extra melanin, the brown pigment,
24、 which makes your skin look “tan“.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG6 Melanin is a best shield to black out the UV radiation.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG7 The ceils in the lower layer of the skin are reproducible once the DNA is damaged.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG8 People with dark skin seldom get sunburned and rarely suffer from skin damage.
25、（A）Y（B） N（C） NG9 The third type of skin cancer called melanoma is often caused by _.10 Dr. Vogel advises that people pay attention to anything on the skin that grows rapidly,_.11 If _ are taken, the skin cancer can be prevented.Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversation
26、s and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, an
27、d decide which is the best answer.（A）Ten.（B） Twenty.（C） Fifteen.（D）Twenty-five.（A）The woman blames the man for his absence.（B） The woman thinks that everything was all tight.（C） The woman thanks the man for his efforts.（D）The woman doesnt think it was the mans fault.（A）He is going to stay at school
28、during the winter holiday.（B） He is going to spend the winter holiday in Greece.（C） He is coming back home for the winter holiday.（D）He always comes back home during the winter holiday.（A）Six oclock.（B） Eight oclock.（C） Seven oclock.（D）Eight-thirty.（A）100.（B） 85.（C） 15.（D）115.（A）Hang some pictures.（
29、B） Buy some fine furniture.（C） Rearrange the furniture.（D）Use a different wall paint.（A）At the book store.（B） At the travel agency.（C） At the library.（D）At the hospital.（A）The client is ringing a bell.（B） His name sounds melodic(旋律优美的).（C） Jeffrey Johnson tings the bell now.（D）His name sounds famili
30、ar.（A）Gene and Henry can swim.（B） Gene does not like cold weather.（C） It is going to snow tomorrow.（D）Gene has snow tires on his car.（A）They will be covered with ice.（B） They will be crowded with traffic.（C） They will have snow tires.（D）They will be cleared on Friday.（A）On Saturday morning.（B） Frida
31、y afternoon.（C） Friday evening at eight or nine oclock.（D）Friday morning.（A）He wants to become a teacher.（B） He hopes to go on to graduate school.（C） He would like to work at a hotel.（D）He wants to be a manager.（A）She had a part-time job.（B） She received a scholarship.（C） Her parents are paying for
32、it.（D）She has a full-time job.（A）At a bakery.（B） In a library.（C） At a restaurant.（D）At a travel agency.（A）His colleagues are kind to him.（B） The restaurant is near the campus.（C） He works long hours.（D）The pay is not bad.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the e
33、nd of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.（A）Anger.（B） Disgust.（C） Interest.（D）Surprise.（A）When they are born.（B） When they are t
34、en months old.（C） When they are one year old.（D）When they are two years old.（A）The left pan.（B） The right part.（C） The upper part.（D）The lower pan.（A）Serious water pollution in the future.（B） Peoples increasing demand for water.（C） Agriculture and its relation with water pollution.（D）Water problems
35、and measures taken to solve it.（A）Urban residents produce more and more waste water.（B） Seas and rivers provide less and less drinking water.（C） Industries need large quantifies of water.（D）Agriculture produces large amount of harmful chemicals.（A）One.（B） Two.（C） Three.（D）Four.（A）Three years or more
36、.（B） Four years or more.（C） Five years or more.（D）Six years or more.（A）Because they are not satisfied with their present jobs.（B） Because they are tired of the work.（C） Because they cant cooperate well with their colleagues.（D）Because they want to earn higher degrees at the university.（A）Many studen
37、ts postpone finding jobs to work for a higher degree.（B） Graduate students usually specialize in a particular field of study.（C） The tuition fees for graduate students are relatively inexpensive.（D）Some graduate students give up studying because they find graduate life too hard.（A）To find an importa
38、nt, interesting job.（B） To win respect from others.（C） To do research in his field.（D）To establish a family.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is re
39、ad for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write dow
40、n the 37 According to UK government figures, English literature graduates get into employment slightly less quickly than science graduates. But many more use their degree as a 【B1 】_ for further study. Even without this, large numbers find their way into managerial jobs, especially in 【B2】_ like med
41、ia, advertising, human 【B3】 _ and publishing.“An English literature graduate should have the skills to analyze situations in 【B4】 _, to argue a case based on 【B5】_, and to understand human actions and what 【B6 】_ them. It helps students reach out to different 【B7】 _,“ says Roger Knight, a senior lec
42、turer at Leicester University and a 【B8】 _ president of the English Association. “【B9】_.It deepens language skills and broadens understanding of the world.“Taking a degree in literature means that you are exposed to the work of people who were masters of language. But 【B10】_.“ says Roger.A degree in
43、 English literature offers more than just work skills. 【B11 】_.37 【B1 】38 【B2 】39 【B3 】40 【B4 】41 【B5 】42 【B6 】43 【B7 】44 【B8 】45 【B9 】46 【B10 】47 【B11 】Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices
44、 given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more t
45、han once.48 To say that the child learns by imitation and that the way to teach is to set a good example oversimplifies. No child imitates every action he sees. Sometimes, the example the parent wants him to follow is 【S1】_ while he takes over contrary patterns from some other example. Therefore, we
46、 must turn to a more 【S2】_ theory than “Monkey see, monkey do“.Look at it from the childs point of view. Here he is in a new situation, lacking a ready response. He is seeking a response which will gain certain ends. If he lacks a ready response for the situation, and cannot reason out what to do, h
47、e observes a model who seems able to get the right result. The child looks for an 【S3】_ or expert who can show what to do.There is a second element at work in this situation. The child may be able to 【S4】_ his immediate goal only to find that his method brings criticism from people who observe him.
48、When shouting across the house achieves his immediate end of delivering a message, he is told 【S5】_ that such a racket is unpleasant, that he should walk into the next room and say his say quietly. Thus, the desire to salve any objective situation is overlaid with the desire to solve it properly. On
49、e of the early things the child learns is that he gets more 【S6】_ and approval when his parents like his response. Then other adults 【S7】_ some actions and criticize others. If one is to maintain the support of others and his own self-respect, he must 【S8 】_ responses his social group approves.In finding 【S9】_ responses, the learner does not choose models at 【S10】_. He imi
