1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 902（无答案）一、Part I Writing (30 minutes)1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled “Hard Work, Good Luck and Rare Opportunity“ in three or four paragraphs. You should write at least 120 words and base your writing on the outline given below.一般说来，事业成功人士往往都很能干，
2、工作也都很刻苦；但是有才干、工作也刻苦的人，却未必在事业上都会成功。这里是否涉及幸运与机遇的问题。你是否能就“hard work”、“good luck”及“opportunity” 这三者，淡几点自己个人的看法。二、Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the pa
3、ssage. For questions 1-7, mark：Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.2 On FriendshipFew Americans remain in one place
4、 for a lifetime. We move from town to city to suburb, from high school to college in a different state, from a job in one region to a better job elsewhere, from the home where we raise our children to the home where we plan to live in retirement. With each move we are forever making new friends, who
5、 become part of our new life at that time.For many of us the summer is a special time for forming new friendships. Today millions of Americans vacation abroad, and they go net only to see new sights but alsoin those places where they do not feel too strangewith the hope of meeting new people. No one
6、 really expects a vacation trip to produce a close friend. But surely the beginning of a friendship is possible? Surely in every country people value friendship?They do. The difficulty when strangers from two countries meet is not a lack of appreciation of friendship, butt different expectations abo
7、ut what constitutes friendship and how it comes into being. In those European countries that Americans are most likely to visit, friendship is quite sharply distinguished from other, more casual relations, and is differently related to family life. For a Frenchman, a German or an Englishman friendsh
8、ip is usually more particularized and carries a heavier burden of commitment.But as we use the word, “friend“ can be applied to a wide range of relationshipsto someone one has known for a few weeks in a new place, to a close business associate, to a childhood playmate, to a man or woman, to a truste
9、d confidant. There are real differences among these relations for Americansa friendship may be superficial, casual, situational or deep and enduring. But to a European, who sees only our surface behavior, the differences are not clear.As they see it, people known and accepted temporarily, casually,
10、flow in and out of Americans homes with little ceremony and often with little personal commitment. They may be parents of the childrens friends, house guests of neighbors, members of committee, business associates from another town or even another country. Coming as a guest into an American home, th
11、e European visitor finds no visible landmarks. The atmosphere is relaxed. Most people, old and young, are called by first names.Who, then, is a friend?Even simple translation from one language to another is difficult. “You see,“ a Frenchman explains, “if I were to say to you in France. This is my go
12、od friend, that person would not be as close to me as someone about whom I said only This is my friend. Anyone about whom I have to say more is really less.“In France, as in many European countries, friends generally are of the same sex, and friendship is seen as basically a relationship between men
13、. Frenchwomen laugh at the idea that “women cant be friends,“ but they also admit sometimes that for women “its a different thing.“ And many French people doubt the possibility of a friendship between a man and a woman. There is also the kind of relationship within a groupmen and women who have work
14、ed together for a long time, who may be very close, sharing great loyalty and warmth of feeling. They may call one another copainsa word that in English becomes “friends“ but has more the feeling of “pals“ or “buddies“. In French eyes this is not friendship, although two members of such a group may
15、well be friends.For the French, friendship is a one-to-one relationship that demands a keen awareness of the other persons intellect, temperament and particular interests. A friend is someone who draws out your own best qualities, with whom you sparkle and become more of whatever the friendship draw
16、s upon. Your political philosophy assumes more depth, appreciation of a play becomes sharper, taste in food or wine is accentuated, enjoyment of a sport is intensified.And French friendship are compartmentalized. A man may play chess with a friend for thirty years without knowing his political opini
17、ons, or he may talk politics with him for as long a time without knowing about his personal life. Different friends fill different niches in each persons life. These friendship are not made part of family life. A friend is not expected to spend evenings being nice to children or courteous to a deaf
18、grand-mother. These duties, also serious and enjoined, are primarily for relatives. Men who are friends may meet in a cafe. Intellectual friends may meet in larger groups for evenings of conversation. Working people may meet at the little bistro where they drink and talk, far from the family. Marria
19、ge does not affect such friendships; wives do not have to be taken into account.In the past in France, friendships of this kind seldom were open to any but intellectual women. Since most womens lives centered on their homes, their warmest relations with other women often went back to their girlhood.
20、 The special relationship of friendship is based on what the French value moston the mind, on compatibility of outlook, on vivid awareness of some chosen area of life.Friendship heightens the sense of each persons individuality. Other relationships commanding as great loyalty and devotion have a dif
21、ferent meaning. In World War I1 the first resistance groups formed in Paris were built on the foundation of Les copains. But significantly, as time went on these little groups, whose lives rested in one anothers hands, called them selves “families“. Where each had a total responsibility for all, it
22、was kinship ties that provided the model. And even to day such ties, crossing every line of class and personal interest, remain binding on the survivors of these small, secret bands.In Germany, in contrast with France, friendship is much more articulately a matter of feeling. Adolescents, boys and g
23、irls, form deeply sentimental attachments, walk and talk together-not so much to polish their wits as to share their hopes and fears and dreams, to form a common front against the world of school and family and to join in a kind of mutual discovery of each others and their own inner life. Within the
24、 family, the closest relationship over a lifetime is between brothers and sisters. Outside the family, men and woman find in their closest friends of the same sex the devotion of a sister, the loyalty of a brother. Appropriately, in Germany friends usually are brought into the family. Children call
25、their fathers and their mothers friends “uncle“ and “ aunt“. Between French friends, who have chosen each other for the agreement of their point of view, lively disagreement and sharpness of argument are the breath of life. But for Germans, whose friendships are based on mutuality of feeling, deep d
26、isagreement on any subject that matters to both is regarded as a tragedy. Like ties of kinship, ties of friendship are meant to be irrevocably binding. Young Germans who come to the United States have great difficulty in establishing such friendships with Americans. We view friendship more tentative
27、ly, subject to changes in intensity as people move, change their jobs, marry, or discover new interests.English friendships follow still a different pattern. Their basis is shared activity. Activities at different stages of life may be of very different kindsdiscovering a common interest in school,
28、serving together in the armed forces, taking part in a foreign mission, staying in the same country house during a crisis. In the midst of the activity, whatever it may be, people fall into stepsometimes two men or two women, sometimes two couples, sometimes three peopleand find that they walk or pl
29、ay a game or tell stories or serve on a tiresome and exacting committee with the same easy anticipation of what each will do day by day or in some critical situation. Americans who have made English friends comment that, even years later, “you can take up just where you left off.“ Meeting after a lo
30、ng interval, friends are like a couple who begin to dance again when the orchestra strikes up after a pause. English friendships are formed outside the family circle, but they are not, as in Germany, contrapuntal to the family nor are they, as in France, separated from the family. And a break in an
31、English friendship comes not necessarily as a result of some irreconcilable difference of viewpoint or feeling but instead as a result of misjudgment, where one friend seriously misjudges how the other will think or feel or act, so that suddenly they are out of step.What, then, is friendship? Lookin
32、g at these different styles, including our own, each of which is related to a whole way of life, are there common elements? There is the recognition that friendship, in contrast with kinship, invokes freedom of choice. A friend is someone who chooses and is chosen. Related to this is the sense each
33、friend gives the other of being a special individual, on whatever grounds this recognition is based. And between friends there is inevitably a kind of equality of give and take. These similarities make the bridge between societies possible, and the Americans characteristic open ness to different sty
34、les of relationship makes it possible for him to find new friends abroad with whom he feels at home.2 Americans are making new friends all the time and few Americans stay in one place for a lifetime.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG3 People in different countries have different expectations of what makes for friendsh
35、ip.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG4 For French people the best friendship is that between a roan and a woman.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG5 In France friendship is based on compatibility of outlook.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG6 In Germany ties of friendship are meant to be forever.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG7 English friendships come to an end when one
36、friend seriously misunderstands the others feelings, point of view or actions.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG8 There are four common elements in friendship which make possible bridges between different people.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG9 For a Frenchman, a German or an Englishman friendship is usually more particularized and c
37、arries heavier10 Friendship between _ people can be taken up again easily even if friends are separated for some time.11 In _, if a friend is complimented as a “good friend“, it usually means this friend is not as close to the person as a friend.Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8
38、short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked
39、 A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer.（A）She read it selectively.（B） She went it over chapter by chapter.（C） She read it slowly.（D）She finished it at a stretch.（A）He lost all his data in his work.（B） He cant find his data in the computer.（C） He cant find the phone number of a company.（
40、D）His computer is crashed in the middle of his work.（A）Take the computer to a small company.（B） Call computer company a visit.（C） Ask help from the company suggested by the woman.（D）Switch off his computer.（A）He could refer to her name to Marlow.（B） He should mention his computers name.（C） Try again
41、 before switch off the computer.（D）Switch off the computer.（A）hes window shopping.（B） shoes.（C） a plan.（D）hes buying everything. （A）yes, shes always been good with money.（B） no, she has never been good with money.（C） she used to be a bad saver, like Jack.（D）she doesnt save money. （A）earn more money.
42、（B） open another bank account for saving.（C） open another bank account for spending.（D）find a better job. （A）50%.（B） 20%.（C） 30%.（D）all of it. Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the ques
43、tions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.（A）China laid the foundation of its first Women and Children Museum last Sunday.（B） The project is expected to open in 2007.（C） The project is expected to be complete
44、d in 2008.（D）The museum covers 40,000 square meters on Changan Avenue. （A）To promote gender equality and childhood development.（B） To fill a gap in Chinas museum construction history.（C） To promote the growth of economy.（D）To boost the development of Beijings Changan Avenue. （A）Showing childrens liv
45、ing conditions, social status, cultural customs.（B） Providing a space for childrens communication.（C） Showing documents, videos, pictures, costumes, toys or handicrafts concerning Chinese children.（D）Being interactive and provide a space for childrens study and creation. （A）The United States is quit
46、e rich in natural resources.（B） The young Americans are well-educated to respect the usefulness of cooperation.（C） The Americans are the people with knowledge and skills from many countries.（D）The workingman is now enjoying the wonderful life he achieved through struggle.（A）The land has an abundance
47、 of coal resources.（B） The United States has some farmland.（C） People from many countries brought with them wealth.（D）The workingman laid a firm foundation for the whole nation.（A）The education of his children.（B） The fight for his existence.（C） The problem of cooperation with his children.（D）The in
48、crease of the value of his own.（A）Because the food can be quickly consumed.（B） Because the food is most famous.（C） Because of timely service and low prices.（D）Because McDonalds is in the United States.（A）Helpful and polite employees.（B） Good food for customers.（C） Clean tables and floors.（D）With foo
49、d ads at the entrance.（A）They taste as well as sandwiches do.（B） They are made in a special way.（C） They are not on the menu.（D）They are made by French cooks.（A）Milk products are not served in McDonalds.（B） Mr. Ray Kroc must be a psychol9gical expert.（C） McDonalds has a considerable turnover.（D）McDonalds can be found in every town.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea
