1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 930（无答案）一、Part I Writing (30 minutes)1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an application for a post in the Students“ Union. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.1. 介绍自己的基本情况2. 列举你所具备的优点3. 表明自己希望得到该职务二、Part II Reading Comprehensio
2、n (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark：Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement
3、contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.1 American Karoshi (过劳死)Workaholics(工作狂)in AmericaA thin, 40-something man with scattered white hair and wan(苍白的)complexion looked up from his notebook in a church basement on Manhattan
4、s Upper West Side.“Hi, Im Emerson,“ he said, “and Im addicted to work.“Hi, Emerson,“ answered his companions.Emerson is a lecturer at a major university in the New York area. In addition to his course load, he developed two new classes last semester, submitted a book-length manuscript for publicatio
5、n and served as executive director of a small not-for-profit corporation. “In my own eyes Im a lazy sloth(懒惰的人),“ he declared. He even agonized over coming to this evenings Workaholics Anonymous meeting. He couldnt shake the thought of running home to update his telephone list. “I just feel compelle
6、d to do this,“ he said. “Its insanity.“What makes workaholics of AmericaEmerson is not alone. His condition is a product of the society that surrounds him. Joan Feldman of an investment firm in Tower 2 of the World Trade Center barely got out of the building after the first airliner crashed into Tow
7、er 1 on 11 September. While hurrying down the stairs from the 88th floor, she heard an announcement over the Centers public-address system ordering employees back to work. “I would be dead,“ said Ms Feldman when asked what would have happened if she had obeyed.Americas obsession with work has reache
8、d epidemic proportions, according to Dr Bryan E. Robinson, family therapist and author of the 1998 book, Chained to the Desk (New York University Press). He believes that workaholism is a disease that kills people and ruins families. In New York, time is money, and since ones worth is measured by ab
9、ility to earn, overwork isnt just a good idea, its the law of supply and demand. According to psychiatrist Dr Jay B. Rohrlich, in Hollywood where ones appearance is paramount(至高无上的), the same problems might manifest themselves in anorexia(厌食症). But in New York, where working excessively to achieve s
10、uccess is the norm, people go overboard. “When your drive controls you, instead of you controlling it, it can be the sign of underlying problems,“ he points out.That equation is reinforced by new technologies which make workaholics of all of us. When Marilyn Machlowitz wrote Workaholics in 1980, thi
11、ngs were very different. “We didnt have faxes, cell phones, cell phones with e-mail, beepers, Palm Pilots. Workaholics used to be the people who would work anytime, anywhere. What has changed is that it has become the norm to be on call 24/7. Now thats something that doesnt cause anyone to blink. Gl
12、obalization has really changed a lot of our work habits.“ People in the financial industry check in with London when they arrive for work in the morning and dont stop until the Nikkei(日经指数)starts up at eight or nine in the evening. “The demand has increased to a point where it may be faster than peo
13、ple are hardwired(日经指数) to handle. And we havent seen all that high-tech has to offer yet, either.“ Twenty years ago we had enforced downtime, noted Ms Machlowitz: “If we had to send a draft of a document to someone, we had time before they received it in the mail, read it and mailed it back demandi
14、ng changes. That time has collapsed to nothing. Right away has a new definition.“A study on workaholicsA study recently conducted by the health insurer Oxford Health Plans found that one in five Americans show up for work whether theyre ill, injured or have a medical appointment. This same obsession
15、 keeps one in five Americans from taking their vacation a failure which has been found to put individuals at risk of early death. “Vacationitis (假日病)“ may come from fear of returning to find someone else at your desk, or the idea that everything will collapse in your absence.Workaholics Anonymous(无名
16、氏工作儿) meeting publishes a list of telltale signs including: working more than 40 hours a week; taking work with you to bed, on weekends and on vacation; talking about work more than any other subject; believing its okay to work long hours if you love what you do; thinking about working while driving
17、, falling asleep or when others are talking.To New Yorkers, of course, these are simply the habits of successful people. The International Labor Office released findings that after passing the Japanese as the worlds most overworked population in the mid-1990s, Americans have pulled way ahead of the
18、pack. Americans now work an average of 1, 979 hours a year, about three-and-a-half weeks more than the Japanese, six-and-a-half weeks more than the British and about twelve-and-a-half weeks more than their German counterparts.Patrick Cleary of the National Association of Manufacturers told the New Y
19、ork Times, “We dont see this necessarily as bad news at all,“ pointing out that the increase in hours coincided with a strong economic performance. Companies often compensate for Americas chronic shortage of skilled laborers with demands of forced overtime. But while an inflated salary can dull the
20、pains of overwork, excessive job stress can cause permanent degenerative(不断恶化的 )damage to the heart.Workaholics deserve more attentionIn Japan, if a ,salary man“ is found slumped over his keyboard in the morning, it triggers survivors to call for a Karoshi investigation to determine whether the deat
21、h was caused by overwork. In New York the coroner(验尸官)would call the same condition heart failure.Cardiac disease (心脏病 )is a complex malady affected by diet, activity, smoking, drinking and stress and it occurs in epidemic proportions in the US. But coroners and judges refuse to entertain the notion
22、 that inordinate work stress can cause death. “If someone is working 14 hours a day, that person is not going to be eating right,“ said one physician at New Yorks Beth Israel Medical Center, who asked that his name not be revealed. “Theyre not going to have time for a nice home-cooked meal. That mea
23、ns fast food and increased cholesterol (胆固醇). Secondly, the time constraints will not permit them to exercise. And if the person is a workaholic, often theyre going to be a smoker or, if theyre really stressed out, a drinker.“An explosion in karoshi cases accompanied Japans economic boom in the earl
24、y 1980s. Since karoshi was legally recognized in the 1980s, 30,000 Japanese have been diagnosed as victims. The large number of work-related deaths spurred Tokyo to legislate a national pension system for surviving members of karoshi victims families. But Washington continues to fail to react to suc
25、h stimuli.US courts give no money to damage claims by overworked Americans. The law seems to suggest that if everyone is overworked to the point of debilitation(虚弱), none therefore warrants compensation. This makes Americas Protestant work ethic a Puritan plague and affirms anthropologist Marshall S
26、ahlinss comment that the market system has handed down to human beings a sentence of “life at hard labor“.2 From his appearance, we know that Emerson was exhausted by his work.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG3 Besides his work as a lecturer at a major university, Emerson also ran a corporation to earn more money,（A）
27、Y（B） N（C） NG4 According to the author, there are few people who are so addicted to work like Emerson.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG5 Dr. Bryan E Robinson believes that workaholism is also a disease which can be cured with medicine.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG6 The author believes that new technologies contribute to the workaho
28、lics of modern people.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG7 People maybe suffer from vacationitis because they dont want to waste money during vacations.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG8 According to the findings released by the international Labour Office, the British people occupy the third place among the worlds most overworked popul
29、ation.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG9 If a “salary man“ is found slumped over his keyboard, his death may be considered _ in the US.10 One physician at New Yorks Beth Israel Medical Center believed that if a person is a workaholic, usually he will be a _.11 Unlike Japan, the US still fails to legislate a national
30、pension system for _.Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question the
31、re will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer.（A）Borrow her book.（B） Check the classroom again.（C） Buy a new book.（D）Ask about the book at the information desk.（A）He wants to go early to avoid a traffic jam.（B） He wants
32、 to leave the theater before the movie is over.（C） He doesnt know the way to the theater.（D）He doesnt usually get up at 7:00.（A）Walk around the comer to the next block.（B） Take a taxi to the hotel.（C） Telephone the hotel for directions.（D）Wait in the candy store.（A）He cant prepare for the exam.（B） H
33、e doesnt think he needs to take the exam.（C） John will take the exam instead of him.（D）John will help him during the exam.（A）Jane got a letter from her home today.（B） Jane is expecting a letter from her family today.（C） Jane wrote a letter to her family today.（D）Jane wrote a letter to her family the
34、 day before yesterday.（A）The movies.（B） The bank.（C） A concert.（D）The post office.（A）$10.00.（B） $19.00.（C） $38.00.（D）$ 40.00.（A）Not to visit his class.（B） The class objects the visit.（C） To visit his class next Monday.（D）The students will have their examination next Monday.（A）She agrees with dieting
35、.（B） She opposes dieting.（C） She never cares about dieting.（D）She has been on a diet.（A）Drinking soda is good for his health.（B） He should drink much soda every day.（C） Drinking soda has nothing to do with his weight.（D）He could drink diet coke instead of soda.（A）Because she is a learned person.（B）
36、Because she is writing a book on dieting.（C） Because she was ever a fat person.（D）Because she has ever learned something about dieting.（A）It includes a washer and dryer.（B） The apartment is partially furnished.（C） The rent is over $ 900 a month.（D）Gas and electricity are included in the rent.（A）You
37、end the agreement before the minimum leasing period of four months.（B） You cause damage beyond normal use of the apartment.（C） You remove any of the furnishings without permission.（D）You keep large pets in the apartment.（A）The woman can catch a bus to school in front of her apartment.（B） A supermark
38、et and shopping centre are only a few blocks away.（C） The apartment is in a relatively quiet neighborhood.（D）The airport is a few blocks in front of the apartment.（A）a dog（B） a cat（C） a rat（D）a snakeSection BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you
39、 will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.（A）Because people dont know how to behave in social situations.（B） Because most people are shy by nature.（C） B
40、ecause nobody will laugh at you for being shy.（D）Because shyness is difficult to overcome.（A）By prediction.（B） By recording.（C） By observation.（D）By examination（A）To observe peoples attitude towards strangers.（B） To see how people get along with their friends.（C） To test peoples behavior in social l
41、ife.（D）To find out how shy people are.（A）It took place in Chicago in 1859.（B） Four cars powered by petrol took part in it.（C） only one carmaker, Henry Ford was unable to take part in it.（D）Henry Ford had no car to take part in it.（A）Workers have to walk up and down along the assembly line.（B） Worker
42、s neednt move while the product is moved.（C） Many people accepted the idea of an assembly line at Henry Fords time.（D）Henry Fords friends supported the idea of an assembly line.（A）Because he persuaded his workers to buy Model-T ears.（B） Because Model-T was ugly and always black.（C） Because Model-T w
43、as cheap hut Beautiful.（D）Because Model T was cheap and simple and he increased his workers pay to buy cars.（A）Its spacious rooms.（B） Its unusual location.（C） Its comfortable chairs.（D）The number of its readers. （A）The latest version of the Bible.（B） A book written by Columbus.（C） A map of the New W
44、orld.（D）One of the earliest copies of Shakespeares work. （A）There are few employees.（B） It is becoming too old.（C） It is over-crowded.（D）It lacks money to cover its expenses. （A）Every day.（B） From Monday to Saturday.（C） From Monday to Friday.（D）On Saturdays and Sundays. Section CDirections: In this
45、section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blank
46、s numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 37 Were now witnessing the emergence of an advanced economy based on information and knowledge. Physical 【B1】_ , raw materials, and
47、 capital are no longer the key 【B2 】_ in the creation of wealth. Now, the 【B3】_ raw material in our economy is knowledge. Tomorrows wealth depends on the development and exchange of knowledge. And 【B4】_ entering the workforce offer their knowledge, not their muscles. Knowledge workers get paid for t
48、heir education and their ability to learn. Knowledge workers 【B5】_ in mind work. They deal with symbols: words, 【B6】_ and data.What does all this mean for you? As a future knowledge worker, you can expect to be 【B7】 _ , processing, as well as exchanging information. 【B8】_ , three out of four jobs in
49、volve some form of mind work, and that number will increase sharply in the future. Management and employees alike 【B9】_ .In the new world of work, you can look forward to being in constant training 【B10 】_ .You can also expect to be taking greater control of your career. Gone axe the nine-to-five jobs, lifetime security, predictable promotions, and even the conventional workplace, as you are familiar with. 【B11】_ And don
