1、大学英语四级（2013 年 12 月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 12（无答案）一、Part I Writing1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled On Fighting Against Drunk Driving. You should include in your essay the cause of drunk driving and solutions to it. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 wor
2、ds. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1.On Fighting Against Drunk DrivingSection A（A）He enjoys reading letters.（B） He has been job-hunting.（C） He is offering a job.（D）He is working for a factory.（A）She envies Sams relationship with his mother.（B） She gets along extremely well with her son.（C） She doe
3、snt know Sam or his mother.（D）Her son is the same age as Sam.（A）It is too expensive and the dining room is below expectation.（B） The dining room is OK but the living room is too small.（C） The living room should be a little bigger.（D）The dining room should be a little smaller.（A）She thinks shes very
4、organized.（B） She doesnt want to join the display.（C） She doesnt think she should lead the study group.（D）She knows someone who can lead the study group.（A）She ought to buy her own copy machine.（B） She needs to buy a package of paper.（C） She has already used enough paper.（D）She should have someone c
5、opy for her.（A）They both enjoyed watching the game together.（B） They both felt good about the results of the game.（C） People were surprised at their winning the game.（D）The results were beyond the womans expectation.（A）A check account.（B） A loan from the bank.（C） An insurance claim.（D）An income tax
6、return.（A）She holds the same view with the man.（B） The man missed the last study session.（C） She didnt understand the last chemistry class.（D）The man should be more serious about his studies.（A）At a bookstore.（B） At a library.（C） On the telephone.（D）At the student center.（A）Return it as quickly as p
7、ossible.（B） Pay a fine because of the delayed return.（C） Return it within 7 days of the recall notice.（D）Return it within 7 days before the due date.（A）Send an email to him.（B） Impose an overdue fine on him.（C） Ask his roommates to give him a message.（D）Give the notice to his teacher of his departme
8、nt.（A）Poetry is popular among the general public.（B） People there have no interest in poetry.（C） Poetry is the most popular literature.（D）People have no passion for writing poems.（A）Flowery words are the most shining point of poetry.（B） Flowery words arent an absolute necessity for poetry.（C） One ca
9、n write poems easily after he has read much.（D）He prefers a long novel to a short poem.（A）He has more readers than other poets.（B） He uses refined words in his poems.（C） His poems express deep thoughts.（D）His poems are interesting and excellent.（A）Finding out a rhymed word with panda.（B） Bringing th
10、e poem about panda to an end.（C） Adding the name “Amanda“ into a poem.（D）Replacing panda with another word.Section B（A）There are more bacteria in summer.（B） Sweat spoils the food easily.（C） Food gets bad more easily than in cold weather.（D）There are less frozen foods in market.（A）Cookies.（B） Milk.（C
11、） Chickens.（D）Ice-cream.（A）Eat it immediately.（B） Throw it away.（C） Try a little.（D）Cook it thoroughly.（A）Clean air, less food and more exercise.（B） Clean air, fresh food and less exercise.（C） Clean air, fresh food and simple life.（D）Hard work, less food and simple life.（A）They live a happy and heal
12、thy life.（B） They are famous for their diligence.（C） They work hard outdoors in the fields and eat little food.（D）There were few crimes and divorces in their society.（A）The Secret of a Happy Life.（B） The Secret of a Long Life.（C） Hunzas of the Himalayas and Their Long Lives.（D）The Importance of a Si
13、mple Way of Life.（A）Scientists.（B） Art graduates.（C） Children.（D）Women.（A）He is very clever and plays games well.（B） He is very interesting and makes many things.（C） He doesnt talk about anything but science.（D）He is humorous and attractive.（A）Attractive.（B） Dull.（C） Unattractive.（D）Logical.（A）Study
14、ing arts can make more money.（B） They have many misconceptions towards science.（C） Studying science is more difficult.（D）Studying arts is more interesting. Section C26 There are two factors which determine an individuals intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he 【B1 】_. Human brains differ con
15、siderably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has【B2】_, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individualthe sort of environment in which he is reared. If an individual
16、is【B3 】_ environmentally, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.The importance of environment in determining an individuals intelligence can【B4】_the case of the history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark. Being
17、identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth【B5 】_ were the same. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in【B6 】_foster( 收养的)homes. Peter was reared by parents of low intelligence in an isolated【B7】_ with poor educational opportunities.
18、 Mark was reared in the home of wealthy parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child, sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be【B8】_ intellectually. This environmental difference continued until the twins were teenagers, when they were given tests to【B9 】_ their intellige
19、nce. Marks I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and【B10】_ forty points higher than his identical brother.27 【B1 】28 【B2 】29 【B3 】30 【B4 】31 【B5 】32 【B6 】33 【B7 】34 【B8 】35 【B9 】36 【B10 】Section A36 Poor people have I.Q.s significantly lower than those of rich people, and the awkw
20、ard conventional wisdom has been that this is in large part a【C1】_of genetics. After all, a series of studies seemed to indicate that I.Q. is largely inherited. Identical twins raised apart, for example, have I.Q.s that are remarkably【C2】_.If intelligence were deeply connected with our genes, that w
21、ould lead to the depressing conclusion that, neither schooling nor antipoverty programs can【C3】_much. Yet while this view of I.Q. has been widely held, new evidence shows that it is【C4】_wrong. Richard Nisbett, a professor of psychology at the University of Michigan, has just proved it completely wro
22、ng in a new book, Intelligence and How to Get It.Professor Nisbett strongly advocates intensive early childhood education because of its proven ability to【C5】_I.Q. The Milwaukee Project, for example, took African-American children considered at risk for mental retardation(迟钝)and assigned them【C6】_ei
23、ther to a control group that received no help or to a group that enjoyed intensive day care and education from 6 months of age until first grade. By age 5, the children in the program【C7 】_an I.Q. of 110, compared with 83 for children in the control group. Another proven【C8】_is to tell junior-high-s
24、chool students that I.Q. is expandable, and that their intelligence is something they can help shape. Students exposed to that idea work【C9 】_and get better grades.The implication of this new research on intelligence is that if we were to【C10 】_early childhood education and support schooling, we mig
25、ht be able to raise Americas collective I.Q. significantly.A)previously B)intervention C)harder D)similarE)raise F)factor G)averaged H)interfereI)randomly J)profoundly K)push L)analyzedM)function N)diligent O)accomplish37 【C1 】38 【C2 】39 【C3 】40 【C4 】41 【C5 】42 【C6 】43 【C7 】44 【C8 】45 【C9 】46 【C10 】
26、Section B46 Having Kids Makes You Happy?A)When I was growing up, our former neighbors, whom well call the Sloans, were the only couple on the block without kids. It wasnt that they couldnt have children; according to Mr. Sloan, they just chose not to. All the other parents, including mine, thought i
27、t was oddeven tragic. So any bad luck that happened to the Sloansthe egging of their house one Halloween; the landslide(山崩)that sent their pool careering to the street belowwas somehow attributed to that fateful decision theyd made so many years before. “Well,“ the other adults would say, “you know
28、they never did have kids.“ Each time I visited the Sloans, Id search for signs of insanity, misery or even regret in their super clean home, yet I never seemed to find any. From what I could tell, the Sloans were happy, maybe even happier than my parents, despite the fact that they were childless.B)
29、My impressions may have been swayed by the fact that their candy dish was always full, but several studies now show that the Sloans could well have been more satisfied than most of the traditional families around them. In Daniel Gilberts 2006 book Stumbling on Happiness, the Harvard professor of psy
30、chology looks at several studies and concludes that marital satisfaction decreases dramatically after the birth of the first childand increases only when the last child has left home. He also finds out that parents are happier grocery shopping and even sleeping than spending time with their kids. Ot
31、her data cited by 2008s Gross National Happiness author, Arthur C. Brooks, finds that parents are about 7 percentage points less likely to report being happy than the childless.C)The most recent comprehensive study on the emotional state of those with kids shows us that the term “bundle of joy“ may
32、not be the most accurate way to describe our offspring. “Parents experience lower levels of emotional well-being, less frequent positive emotions and more frequent negative emotions than their childless peers,“ says Florida State Universitys Robin Simon. “In fact, no group of parentsmarried, single,
33、 step or even empty nestreported significantly greater emotional well-being than people who never had children. Its such an unexpected finding because we have these cultural beliefs that children are the key to happiness and a healthy life, and theyre not.“D)Simon received plenty of hate mail in res
34、ponse to her research, which isnt surprising. Her findings shake the very foundation of what weve been raised to believe is true. In a recent Newsweek Poll, 50 percent of Americans said that adding new children to the family tends to increase happiness levels. Only one in six(16 percent)said that ad
35、ding new children had a negative effect on the parents happiness. But which parent is willing to admit that the greatest gift life has to offer has in fact made his or her life less enjoyable?E)Parents may openly complain their lack of sleep, busy schedules and difficulty in dealing with their bad-t
36、empered teens, but rarely will they cop to feeling depressed due to the everyday rigors of child rearing. “If you admit that kids and parenthood arent making you happy, its basically blasphemy(亵渎),“ says Jen Singer, a stay-at-home mother of two from New Jersey who runs the popular parenting blog Mom
37、maS. “From baby-cream commercials that make motherhood look happy and well rested, to commercials for Disney World where youre supposed to feel like a kid because youre there with your kids, weve made parenthood out to be one extremely happy moment after another, and its disappointing when you find
38、out its not.“F)Is it possible that American parents have always been this disillusioned? Anecdotal(轶事的)evidence says no. In pre-industrial America, parents certainly loved their children, but their offspring also served a purposeto work the farm, contribute to the household. Children were a necessit
39、y. Today, we have kids more for emotional reasons, but an increasingly complicated work and social environment has made finding satisfaction far more difficult. A key study by University of Wisconsin-Madisons Sara McLanahan and Julia Adams, conducted some 20 years ago, found that parenthood was perc
40、eived as significantly more stressful in the 1970s than in the 1950s; the researchers attribute part of that change to major shifts in employment patterns. The majority of American parents now work outside the home, have less support from extended family and face a worsening education and health-car
41、e system, so raising children has not only become more complicatedit has become more expensive. Today the U.S. Department of Agriculture estimates that it costs anywhere from $134,370 to $237,520 to raise a child from birth to the age of 17and thats not counting school or college tuition. No wonder
42、parents are feeling a little blue.G)Societal ills aside, perhaps we also expect too much from the promise of parenting. The National Marriage Projects 2006 “State of Our Unions“ report says that parents have significantly lower marital satisfaction than nonparents because they experienced more singl
43、e and child-free years than previous generations. Twenty-five years ago, women married around the age of 20, and men at 23. Today both sexes are marrying four to five years later. This means the experience of raising kids is now competing with highs in a parents past, like career wins or a carefree
44、social life. Sending bad-tempered kids to school or dashing to work with spit-up on your favorite sweater doesnt turn out to be romantic.H)For the childless, all this research must certainly feel redeeming(弥补的). As for those of us with kids, well, the news isnt all bad. Parents still report feeling
45、a greater sense of purpose and meaning in their lives than those whove never had kids. And there are other rewarding aspects of parenting that are impossible to quantify. For example, I never thought it possible to love someone as deeply as I love my son. As for the Sloans, its hard to say whether t
46、hey had a less meaningful existence than my parents, or if my parents were 7 percent less happy than the Sloans. Perhaps it just comes down to how you see the candy dishhalf empty or half full. Or at least as a parent, thats what Ill keep telling myself.47 Now highs in a parents past are being fough
47、t by the experience of raising kids.48 Because of insufficient sleep, busy schedules and difficulty in rearing their bad-tempered teens, parents may complain publicly.49 Besides societal ills that lower parents satisfaction, the promise of parenting is also too much expected.50 Our cultural beliefs
48、are that having kids makes parents happy.51 The Sloans were childless because they decided not to have a child.52 A professor believes that after the last child has left home, parents tend to be happier.53 Despite the low happiness level, compared with the childless, parents feel a greater sense of
49、purpose and meaning in their lives.54 Parenthood became more stressful in the 1970s partly due to changes in employment patterns.55 The author expects to find signs showing the Sloans were miserable in their home.56 According to the Newsweek Poll, half Americans agreed adding a child has a positive effect on happiness levels.Section C56 Once the hard decisions have been made about how to treat a patients cancer, d
