1、大学英语四级（2013 年 12 月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 201（无答案）一、Part I Writing1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following topic. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Some people claim that there are more disadvantages of the car than its advantages. Do you a
2、gree or disagree?Section A（A）Alcohol abuse.（B） Smoking.（C） Depression.（D）Schizophrenia.（A）To prevent patients from smoking.（B） To better understand patients.（C） To get patients occupied.（D）To teach patients some skills.（A）There were important space missions.（B） The space agency lacked funding for th
3、e program.（C） The current shuttle missions would continue.（D）Congress failed to pass President Obama s budget.（A）To set up a moon colony by 2020.（B） To send astronauts again to the moon by 2020.（C） To continue the current shuttle missions till 2020.（D）To create more jobs for NASA till 2020.（A）Foreig
4、n investment.（B） Donor support.（C） Price control.（D）Bank prediction.（A）20 million percent.（B） 2.2 million percent.（C） 11.2 million percent.（D）Over 11.2 million percent.（A）Tougher times will wait for Zimbabwe.（B） The inflation situation will be eased.（C） The future of the inflation is not clear.（D）It
5、 was not mentioned in the news.Section B（A）He doesn t have time to move.（B） He would have difficulty finding another apartment.（C） He s paid his rent for the summer in advance.（D）He doesnt want to paint another apartment.（A）Three weeks.（B） One month.（C） Three months.（D）Over one year.（A）She s spoken
6、to him on the phone.（B） She met him during her vacation one summer.（C） She went on a summer trip with him.（D）She used to work with him.（A）Leave it vacant.（B） Rent it to the woman he is talking with.（C） Sublet it to Jim Thomas.（D）Ask his landlord to sublet it.（A）To organize activities for the student
7、s.（B） To give the students chance to make money.（C） To improve the reputation of the university.（D）To raise fund for a hospital.（A）Many special events and displays.（B） Many patients.（C） Having a party.（D）Meeting friends.（A）To serve food.（B） For the band to play music.（C） To sell donations.（D）For ent
8、ertainment. （A）He is confused about this.（B） He thinks the fair is profitable.（C） He believes it is too complicated.（D）He thinks it is a great event.Section C（A）To examine the chemical elements in the Ice Age.（B） To learn what s been happening on the sun s surface.（C） To analyze the composition of d
9、ifferent trees.（D）To find out the origin of carbon-14 on Earth.（A）The life cycle of trees.（B） The number of trees.（C） The intensity of solar burning.（D）The quality of air.（A）It affects the growth of trees.（B） It has been increasing since the Ice Age.（C） It is determined by the chemicals in the air.（
10、D）It follows a certain cycle.（A）Men who belong to organizations must wear jewelry.（B） Each new period brings some changes in clothing.（C） Women do not like to look attractive in new clothes.（D）Every woman wants to look attractive.（A）They change to show their position in life.（B） They change as fashi
11、ons in beauty change.（C） They change to attract other women.（D）They change when dentists put on white clothing.（A）Some men enjoy wearing special kinds of clothing.（B） Soldiers do not allow delivery men to wear uniforms.（C） All doctors and dentists wear coats at home.（D）In ancient Greece, men wearing
12、 dresses were thought to be savages.（A）Successful people.（B） Famous people.（C） Older people.（D）Anyone.（A）They show you how to achieve success.（B） They provide you with the experience you haven t had.（C） They tell you the secrets to gain certain abilities that you admire.（D）They show you the way to b
13、etter measure yourself.（A）We should get to know everything about the model.（B） We might be especially interested in people who are lucky.（C） We should incorporate into ours the model s characteristics that we admire.（D）We should try to learn what kind of achievements the model has gained.（A）Role mod
14、els will tell us how well we are doing.（B） We can compare ourselves with role models at the same stage that we are.（C） We can measure ourselves against what role models have achieved.（D）We can measure ourselves by looking at what successful people are doing.Section A26 As What s your earliest childh
15、ood memory? Adults seldom【C1 】_events much earlier than the year or so before entering school, just as children younger than three or four【C2】_retain any specific, personal experiences. Adults think in words, and their life memories are like stories or【C3】_ one event follows anotheras in a novel or
16、film. But when they search through their mental files for early childhood memories to add to this verbal life story, they dont find any that fits the【C4】_. Its like trying to find a Chinese word in an English dictionary.Now psychologist Annette Simms of the New York State University offers a new【C5
17、】_for childhood amnesia. According to Dr. Simms, children need to learn to use someone else s spoken description of their personal experiences in order to turn their own short-term, quickly【C6】_impressions of them into long-term memories. In other【C7】_, children have to talk about their experiences
18、and hear others talk about theirsMother talking about the afternoon【C8】_looking for seashells at the beach or Dad asking them about their day at Ocean park. Without this【C9】_reinforcement, says Dr. Simms, children cannot form【C10】_memories of their personal experiences.A)words B)narratives C)spent D
19、)patternE)forgotten F)largely G)recall H)explanationI)cases J)rarely K)taken L)factorM)habitual N)permanent O)verbal27 【C1 】28 【C2 】29 【C3 】30 【C4 】31 【C5 】32 【C6 】33 【C7 】34 【C8 】35 【C9 】36 【C10 】Section B36 How to Make Peace with Your WorkloadA)Swamped(忙碌的), under the gun, just struggling to stay
20、above water: whatever office cliche you employ to depict it, we ve all been in that situation where we feel like we might be swallowed up by our workload. Nonetheless many a way may be used to manage your to-do list to prevent feeling overwhelmed. How to make peace with your workload once and for al
21、l goes as follows.B)Get organized. “Clear the deadwood out of your desk and keep your office in shape, which enhances your capability to handle other tasks and raises the probability that you 11 retrieve the items you do need in a faster and easier fashion,“ says Jeff Davidson who works as a work /
22、life expert and writer of more than 50 books on workplace issues. “When something can be disposed, let it go, given in reality most of what you retain is replaceable.“ Joel Rudy, vice president of operations for Photographic Solutions, with better than thirty years of business management experience,
23、 believes that keeping organized is a must. “Messy work areas are nonproductive in some measure. Provided that you cant locate a document or report easily because its lost in a pile of mess, then you have a problematic situation,“ he says. “Thereby you are supposed to take the time to tidy up your w
24、ork areas and keep your important files, manuals and reports in an accessible location, which will maximize your efficiencies.“C)Make a to-do list, then cover it up. It may sound weird, but it works, says Jessica Carlson, an account executive at Bluefish Design Studio which is an advertising consult
25、ing firm. Carlson urges her team to utilize to-do lists to stay on track and highlight items that are a priority. “Cover up the list, with the exception of one high-priority task at one time,“ she suggests. “This will allow you to focus better on the task at hand: otherwise, it will be easy to get o
26、verwhelmed if youre reading through a to-do list that spans an entire page. Concentrating on a single item will make your tasks appear like they are more doable,“ Carlson says.D)Stop multitasking. Despite what you may consider multitasking, its counterproductive. Unless youre drinking coffee while s
27、canning your morning e-mails, youre not saving any time by attempting to do ten things at once. “If you find yourself getting tangled in too many things, it may be of much necessity of you to re-evaluate your involvement,“ Rudy says. “Your mind will wander from one topic to another and you may end u
28、p never accomplishing a thing.“ Rudy recommends the best way to stop multitasking is to create priority lists with deadlines. “When applicable, complete one project before you move further on to the next one,“ he says.E)Set time limits. Deborah Chaddock Brown, a work-at-home single parent, says shes
29、 frequently overwhelmed by the demands of maintaining order in her residence and running her own business. Still, she manages to “do it all“ by setting a time limit for each task. “I have the type of personality that flits(轻轻地掠过 )from thing to thing because I do have so much on my plate,“ Brown says
30、. “As a consequence I assign time slots: For the next 15 minutes I will participate in social media for the purpose of marketing my business(not sending photos or playing Farmville)and that is the only thing I am about to do for the next 15 minutes. When the time is up, I move on to the next task. T
31、hat way, at night I dont end up with a pile of tasks to accomplish even though I felt busy all day.“F)Talk to your manager. “Quite often, people are working on things that are no longer a top priority, but someone forgot to tell them(that theyre no longer important). There are usually clear prioriti
32、es in the managers head: he or she has just not done a great job communicating those with the employee,“ says Holly Green, CEO of The Human Factor. Greens suggestion unfolds in this manner: “If you find yourself confronted with too many responsibilities, sit down, note the significant things you are
33、 in charge of, and go to your manager to have a conversation to discuss priorities, trade-offs, time commitments and interdependencies required to do each thing well, and then ask what you should stop working on or work on less so you can get the right things done.“ Green says managers should be wil
34、ling to help sort out priorities, so long as employees have a can-do approach and arent just complaining about their workload.G)Eliminate time wasters. “If interruptions are keeping you from your responsibilities, learn how to deal with them accordingly,“ says Eileen Roth, author of Organizing for D
35、ummies. Roth proposes the following suggestions to combat disruptions: “Use voice mail to cut down on telephone interruptions, turn off the alert that says You ve got an e-mail: and give staff members a set time to visit you.“ Justin Gramm, president of Globella Buyers Realty, exemplifies Roths poin
36、t. “E-mail had been a big time waster for me in the past because it was a constant interruption, causing me to lose focus on the task at hand,“ he says. Since determined to check his e-mails only twice a day, Gramm says he has become much more efficient. “If people want to get more work done, they n
37、eed to stop checking e-mails and get down to business,“ he says.H)Assess your workload before taking on new tasks. “The paradox of todays work environment is that the more you do, the more thats expected of you,“ Davidson says. In order to better assess your workload, Davidson suggests asking yourse
38、lf the following questions before agreeing to undertake new responsibilities: Is the task aligned(使一致)with your priorities and goals: Are you likely to be as prone to saying yes to such a request tomorrow or next week: What else could you do that would be more rewarding: What other pressing tasks an
39、d responsibilities are you likely to face: Does the other party have options other than you: Will he or she be crushed if you say no?I)Want to know more? Most of our experts recommended books for additional tips on how to maximize efficiency, but one book was mentioned time and again. Check out The
40、Seven Habits of Highly Effective People.37 Taking time to tidy up work areas will maximize your efficiencies.38 Deborah Chaddock Brown finds she is overwhelmed trying to make a balance between business and housework.39 There are many useful methods of preventing people from feeling overwhelmed by wo
41、rkload.40 To know more about how to maximize efficiency, The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People is recommended.41 Davidson says, today s paradox is the more one does, the more he is expected to do.42 Focusing on one single thing will make your tasks appear more possible to be done.43 In Organiz
42、ing for Dummies, using voice mail to cut down on telephone interruptions is suggested in combating interruptions.44 Rudy said, the best way to stop multitasking is to make a list of priorities and set deadlines for each task.45 When something can be disposed, let it go, considering most of what you
43、retain is replaceable in reality.46 If employees have a can-do attitude and do not complain about their workload, the managers would like to help them decide what to do first.Section C46 Faces, like fingerprints, are unique. Did you ever wonder how it is possible for us to recognize people? Even a s
44、killed writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face different from another. Yet a very young childor even an animal, such as a pigeoncan learn to recognize faces, we all take this ability for granted.We also tell people apart by how they behave. When we talk about someone s
45、 personality, we mean the ways in which he or she acts, speaks, thinks and feels that make that individual different from others.Like the human face, human personality is very complex. But describing someone s personality in words is somewhat easier than describing his face. If you were asked to des
46、cribe what a “nice face“ looked like, you probably would have a difficult time doing so. But if you were asked to describe a “nice person“, you might begin to think about someone who was kind, considerate, friendly, warm, and so forth.There are many words to describe how a person thinks, feels and a
47、cts. Gordon Allport, an American psychologist, found nearly 18,000 English words characterizing differences in peoples behavior. And many of us use this information as a basis for describing or typing his personality. Bookworms, conservatives, military types-people are described with such terms.Peop
48、le have always tried to “type“ each other. Actors in early Greek drama wore masks to show the audience whether they played the villains(坏人)or the heros role. In fact, the words “person“ and “personality“ come from the Latin persona, meaning “mask“. Today, most television and movie actors do not wear
49、 masks. But we can easily tell the “good guys“ from the “bad guys“ because the two types differ in appearance as well as in actions.47 By using the example of finger prints the author tells us that_.（A）people can learn to recognize faces（B） people have different personalities（C） people have difficulty in describing the features of finger prints（D）people differ from each other in facial features48 According to this passage, some animals have the gift of_.（A）telling people apart
