1、职称英语（综合类）B 级模拟试卷 31（无答案）一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15 题，每题 1 分，共 15 分)下面每个句子中均有 1 个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1 个意义最为接近选项。1 Many people think that she takes after her father.（A）supports（B） resembles（C） cares（D）looks for2 Sophonisba P. Breckinridge, the first woman admitted to the bar in Kentucky, eventually abandon
2、ed her legal career and became a social worker.（A）supported（B） prosecuted（C） gave up（D）tired of3 Nashville, Tennessee, boasts some of the finest country music performers in the United States.（A）plays（B） attracts（C） records（D）claims4 A ballet is theatrical entertainment that combines the arts of danc
3、ing, stage design, and music.（A）replaces（B） promotes（C） simplifies（D）blends5 After seeing some of Louis Kahns architectural plans, Jonas Salk asked him to build a laboratory in La Jolla, California.（A）permitted（B） wanted（C） requested（D）hired6 After his military defeat in 1865, Robert E. Lee entreate
4、d the people of the South to work for national harmony.（A）warned（B） urged（C） commanded（D）recruited7 Theories of teaching have not been as fully developed as have theories of learning.（A）thoroughly（B） liberally（C） eagerly（D）properly8 In studying social groups, sociologists often gain insight through
5、the use of such devices as questionnaires.（A）access（B） credibility（C） publicity（D）understanding9 The nucleus of the atom is composed of swiftly moving protons and neutrons that are held together by very strong forces.（A）mixed（B） propelled（C） pounded（D）bound10 On the fourth of July 177the Declaration
6、 of Independence was adopted by the Continental Congress.（A）accepted（B） nominated（C） appointed（D）recommended11 By conducting experiments on brave volunteers, Walter Reed was able to identify the particular kind of mosquito that carried yellow fever.（A）thin（B） hearty（C） curious（D）courageous12 Dating
7、from around A. D. 1000, the largest mound surviving from the Mississippian culture was one hundred feet high and had a base of nearly fifteen acres.（A）civilization（B） formation（C） sect（D）edifice13 Very often bacteria or viruses inhabit the body without causing illness, a condition known as the “carr
8、ier state“.（A）surround（B） repel（C） occupy（D）devitalize14 Dotting the marshy expanse of the Florida Everglades are little islands known locally as hummocks.（A）generally（B） to all（C） in that area（D）occasionally15 It is not possible for people to remember ever thing that they have thought.（A）recall（B）
9、appreciate（C） repeat（D）discuss二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22 题，每题 1 分，共 7 分)下面的短文后列出了 7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。15 The Origin of the Air MailAt Blackpool Holt Thomas and Graham-White agreed to make a practical experiment in carrying mails by aeroplane. The i
10、dea, as it was first worked out, was for the aeroplane to fly from Blackpool airport across to Southport airport, and for the mails to be taken over by the Post Office there. But the programme had to be changed owing to a series of high winds. What happened in the end was that Graham-White took a ma
11、il-bag in his plane , and made a flight with it across country for a distance of about seven miles, returning to the airport. This experiment gave Graham-White the honour of being the first airman in England to carry a bag of mail across country in an aeroplane. Letters and postcards which were carr
12、ied in this test, and which had a special stamp recording the fact, soon became much sought after by collectors.The second and more important experiment in British air mail transport took place in September 1911, and was the first of its kind in this country to obtain the official permission of the
13、Postmaster-general. It was indeed one of the historical events in our airmail development. In this case as many as 130, 000 letter and postcards were carried by aeroplane between London and Windsor. One of the airmen engaged in this pioneer service was the famous Gustav Hamel, flying a monoplane. I
14、remember going out one afternoon to see him start off with one of the bags of mail. It was an extremely bad day for flying , and just before the time due for the start, the wind was blowing at nearly 50 miles an hour. None of the other pilots would have thought of going up, but Hamelone of the fines
15、t of all pilots of the British monoplanewas not to be stopped. He jumped into his machine and fairly shot off the ground. The monoplane, so long as it was near the earth, was thrown about like a small boat on an angry sea. But Hamel gave a splendid exhibition of airmanship; as soon as he reached a g
16、reat height, conditions became much steadier , and her finished his journey without accident.This was an early demonstration that an airplane was more than a fine weather machine, and that it could fight its way successfully through violent winds. This fact impressed the postal authorities a good de
17、al, and helped those who believed that the airplane had a great commercial future.16 Holt Thomas and Graham-White were the first airmen to carry the airmail in England.（A）True（B） False（C） Not mentioned17 Graham-White carried in the aeroplane letters and postcards that later became special collection
18、s.（A）True（B） False（C） Not mentioned18 It was after much discussion that the Postmaster-general approved the second airmail transport.（A）True（B） False（C） Not mentioned19 The writer described Hamel as the best pilot but criticized his assistant for his carelessness in the flight.（A）True（B） False（C） No
19、t mentioned20 It was an unfavorable weather for flying an aeroplane but Hamel displayed excellent airmanship and succeeded in the second air mail flight.（A）True（B） False（C） Not mentioned21 The writer must be about 80 years old.（A）True（B） False（C） Not mentioned22 The postal authorities helped in deve
20、loping the commercial use of aeroplanes.（A）True（B） False（C） Not mentioned三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30 题，每题 1 分，共 8 分)下面的短文后有 2 项测试任务：(1)第 23-26 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为第 2-5 段每段选择一个最佳标题；(2)第 27-30 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。22 A Brief to Singapore1 Singapore is an independent city-state in southeastern Asia, consi
21、sting of one major islandthe Singapore Islandand more than 50 small islands, located off the southern tip of Malay. The city of Singapore, the capital of the country, is at the southeastern end of the Singapore Island jit is one of the most important port cities and commercial centers of Southeast A
22、sia, he total area of the republic is 640 sq. km.2 Low-lying Singapore Island has no outstanding relief(轮廓鲜明的) features. A central area of hills rises to the maximum height of 176 m. The country has a wet tropical climate, with an average annual temperature of 27. 2C. The average annual rainfall is
23、2, 413 mm; the wettest months are November through January.3 Singapore is governed under a constitution of 1959. A president, elected to a four-year term is head of state, and a prime minister is head of government. The president used to be selected by Parliament, but by a 1991 constitutional amendm
24、ent(修正案), the president is now elected directly by the people. The Parliament is the law-making body with its 81 members popularly elected.4 In the late 1980s the country had some 290 primary schools with 278, 300 pupils and 160 secondary schools with 200, 200 students. The main institutions of high
25、er education are the National University of Singapore, several technical colleges, and a teachers college.5 Singapore has one of the highest standards of living of any country in Asia. In the late 1980s the gross domestic product was estimated at $ 23. 7 billion, or $ 8. 870 per person. The fishing
26、industry is centered on the port of During, on southwestern Singapore Island. Industry has grown rapidly since the 1960s, and Singapore now produces a diversity (多样化的) of goods, including chemicals, electronic items, clothing, and processed foods, etc. Shipbuilding and petroleum refining are also im
27、portant.A EducationB Land and climateC State systemD Natural resourcesE EconomyF Population23 Paragraph _24 Paragraph _25 Paragraph _26 Paragraph _26 A live a better lifeB made up of more than 50 islandsC have more farmlandD not by the Parliament, but by the peopleE produce goods of various kindsF h
28、ave a big population27 Singapore is a small state in the southeast of Asia_.28 According to the constitution of Singapore, the president of the state is selected29 Compared with people in other Asian countries, the Singaporeans_.30 Though small, Singapore has an industry of its own and can_.四、 阅读理解
29、(第 31-45 题，每题 3 分，共 45 分)下面有 3 篇短文后有 5 道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1 个最佳选项。30 Shrinking Water Supply Poses Threat to Peace“Water, which is essential for life, costs nothing. On the other hand, diamonds, which are essential for nothing, cost a lot. “ Unfortunately, the world has changed considerably since an 18t
30、h century economist made this remark.What was true over 200 years ago is certainly no longer true now. In a number of countries people pay as much for water in their homes as they do for electricity.Like health, we ignore water when we have itunless there are floods, of course. Once there is a threa
31、t to our water supply, however, water can quickly become the only thing that matters. We know only too well that, without water, there can be no life.The situation is now becoming so bad that environmentalists feel it many be necessary to shock the world into saving water in a similar way to the sho
32、ck caused by the oil crises in the 1970s.At that time, the oil crisis became such a serious threat to the lives of everyone in the developed countries that it made people conscious of the importance of saving oil and provided powerful encouragement for governments to look for other forms of energy.T
33、he result undoubtedly was of major benefit to energy conservation.There is now no longer an unlimited supply of fresh water. About 97 percent of the planets water is seawater. Another 2 percent is locked in icecaps and glaciers. There are also reserves of fresh water under the earths surface but the
34、se are too deep for us to use economically.Unfortunately, competition is growing fiercely for what little water is available. It may be a matter of time before that competition becomes a conflict.To make matters worse, the worlds population is increasing so rapidly that it is expected to grow to abo
35、ut 8 billion in 30 years-an increase of 60 percent.Moreover, in many developed countries throughout the world, flush lavatories and washing machines mean the average person now uses 300 litres of water a day compared with 50 at the beginning of the century.At the other extreme, according to the Worl
36、d Health Organization, one quarter of the worlds present population still lacks safe drinking water and proper sanitation. Most live in the southern hemisphere, where supplies of fresh water are put in jeopardy through dirty industrial practices, poor irrigation and erosion.The social stability of t
37、he world is no longer threatened by global wars, the Cold War, . . . However, the supply of water could soon become the chief threat to such stability. There is already evidence of this happening, especially in Africa.Recently the Egyptian Government threatened to destroy and dams built on the Nile
38、if they considered the dams would affect their supply of fresh water.What is required immediately is an awareness of the true value of water and the formation of sensible water conservation strategies.It is also of vital importance to have a consensus on how best to use shared water resources for th
39、e benefit of all the countries in the world as well as an examination of the best methods for the distribution of the worlds water.31 According to the passage, which of the following statements is true? _（A）People now pay as much for water as they did 200 years ago.（B） People now pay as little for w
40、ater as they did 200 years ago.（C） Water now costs as much as it used to.（D）Water now has become more expensive than it was.32 Which of the following is NOT the authors purpose of mentioning the oil crises in the 1970s? _（A）To prove that water is as expensive as oil.（B） To warn the world of a possib
41、le water supply crisis.（C） To call peoples attention to the importance of energy conservation.（D）To shock the people of the world into saving water.33 Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a factor that is making the water situation in the world more and more severe? _（A）The incr
42、ease of population.（B） The use of washing machines.（C） The use of flush lavatories.（D）The popularity of swimming pools.34 Which of the following is cited by the author as the place where the supply of water is most likely to threaten social stability?_（A）Africa.（B） The southern hemisphere.（C） Egypt.
43、（D）All the developed countries. 35 To solve the water supply problem the world today faces, the author suggests at the end of the article doing all the following except_.（A）calling peoples attention to the true value of water（B） blowing up dams that affect the supply of fresh water（C） adopting sound
44、 water conservation policies（D）finding the best way to distribute the worlds water35 Oseola McCartyLATE ONE SUNDAY AFTERNOON in September 1999, Oseola McCarty, an elderly cleaning lady passed away in the little wooden frame house where she had lived and worked most of her life. It may seem like an o
45、rdinary end to a humble life, but there was something quite exceptional about this woman.In the summer of 1995, McCarty gave $150, 000, most of the money she had saved throughout her life, to the University of Southern Mississippi in her hometown. The money was to help other African Americans throug
46、h university. She had started her savings habit as a young child when she would return from school to clean and iron for money which she would then save.She led a simple, frugal existence, never spending on anything but her most basic needs. Her bank also advised her on investing her hard-earned sav
47、ings.When she retired, she decided that she wanted to use the money to give children of limited means the opportunity to go to university. She had wanted to become a nurse, but had to leave school to look after ill relatives and work. When asked why she had given her life savings away, she replied,
48、“Im giving it away so that children wont have to work so hard, like I did. “ After news of her donation hit the media, over 600 donations were made to the scholarship fund. One was given by media executive, Ted Turner, who reputedly gave a billion dollars.She didnt want any fuss made over her gift,
49、but the news got out and she was invited all over the United States to talk to people. Wherever she went, people would come up to her to say a few words or to just touch her. She met the ordinary and the famous, President Clinton included. In the last few years of her life, before she died of cancer, McCarty was given over 300 awards: she was honoured by the United Nations and received the Presidential Citizens Medal. Despite having no real education, she found hersel
