1、专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷 116 及答案与解析一、Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on t
2、he Answer Sheet.0 Psychologist George Spilich and colleagues at Washington College in Chestertown, Maryland, decided to find out whether, as many smokers say, smoking helps them to “think and concentrate“. Spilich put young non-smokers, active smokers and smokers deprived(被剥夺 ) of cigarettes through
3、 a series of tests.In the first test, each subject(试验对象) sat before a computer screen and pressed a key as soon as he or she recognized a target letter among a grouping of 96. In this simple test, smokers, deprived smokers and non-smokers performed equally well.The next test was more complex, requir
4、ing all to scan sequences of 20 identical letters and respond the instant one of the letters transformed into a different one. Non-smokers were faster, but under the stimulation of nicotine, active smokers were faster than deprived smokers.In the third test of short-term memory, non-smokers made the
5、 fewest errors, but deprived smokers committed fewer errors than active smokers.The fourth test required people to read a passage, then answer questions about it. Non-smokers remembered 19 percent more of the most important information than active smokers, and deprived smokers bested those who had s
6、moked a cigarette just before testing. Active smokers tended not only to have poorer memories but also had trouble separating important information from insignificant details.“As our tests became more complex,“ sums up Spilich, “non-smokers performed better than smokers by wider and wider margins.“
7、He predicts, “smokers might perform adequately at many jobsuntil they got complicated. A smoking airline pilot could fly adequately if no problems arose, but if something went wrong, smoking might damage his mental capacity.“1 The purpose of George Spilichs experiment is_.（A）to test whether smoking
8、has a positive effect on the mental capacity of smokers（B） to show how smoking damages peoples mental capacity（C） to prove that smoking affects peoples regular performance（D）to find out whether smoking helps peoples short-term memory2 George Spilichs experiment was conducted in such a way as to_.（A）
9、compel the subject to separate major information from minor details（B） put the subjects through increasingly complex tests（C） check the effectiveness of nicotine on smokers（D）register the prompt responses of the subjects3 The word “bested“ (Para. 5 ) most probably means_.（A）beat（B） envied（C） caught
10、up with（D）made the best of4 Which of the following statements is TRUE?（A）Active smokers in general performed better than deprived smokers.（B） Active smokers responded more quickly than the other subjects.（C） Non-smokers were not better than other subjects in performing simple tasks.（D）Deprived smoke
11、rs gave the slowest responses to the various tasks.5 We can infer the last paragraph that_.（A）smokers should not expect to become airline pilots（B） smoking in emergency causes mental illness（C） no airline pilots smoke during flights（D）smokers may prove unequal to handling emergency cases5 More than
12、30,000 drivers and front seat passengers are killed or seriously injured each year. At a speed of only 30 miles per hour it is the same as falling from a third-floor window. Wear a seat belt saves lives; it reduces your chance of death or serious injury by more than half. Therefore drivers or front
13、passengers over 14 in most vehicles must wear a seat belt. If you do not, you could be fined up to $50. It will not be up to the drivers to make sure you wear your belt. But it will be the drivers responsibility to make sure that children under 14 do not ride in the front unless they are wearing a s
14、eat belt of some kind.However, you do not have to wear a seat belt if you are reversing (倒开) your vehicle; or you are making a local delivery or collection using a special vehicle; or if you have valid (有效的) medical certificate which excuses you from wearing it. Make sure these circumstances apply t
15、o you before you decide not to wear your seat belt. Remember you may be taken to court for not doing so, and you may be fined if you cannot prove to the court that you have been excused from wearing it.6 This passage is most probably taken from_.（A）a medical magazine（B） a legal document（C） the Feder
16、al Laws（D）a police report7 Wearing a seat belt in a vehicle_.（A）reduces road accidents by more than half（B） saves lives while at a speed up to 30 miles per hour（C） reduces the death rate in traffic accidents（D）saves more than 15 ,000 lives each year8 It is the drivers responsibility to_.（A）make the
17、front seat passenger wear a seat belt（B） make the front seat children under 14 wear a seat belt（C） stop children riding in the front seat（D）wear a seat belt each time he drives9 According to the passage, who, riding in the front, does not have to wear a seat belt?（A）Someone who is backing into a par
18、king space.（B） Someone who is picking up the children from the local school.（C） Someone who is delivering invitation letters.（D）Someone who is under 14.10 For some people, it may be better_.（A）to wear a seat belt for health reasons（B） not to wear a seat belt for health reasons（C） to get a valid medi
19、cal certificate before wearing a seat belt（D）to pay a fine rather than wear a seat belt10 The Chinese of 3500 years ago believed that the earth was a chariot, and the sky was a curved canopy stretched above it. The canopy was nine layers thick, and it sloped slightly to the northwest, as a cataclysm
20、 had broken one of its supporting columns. This gentle slope explained the movement of the stars from east to west.According to these ancient Chinese beliefs, the sun spent the night on earth and ascended to the sky each morning from the luminous valley of the earth by climbing the branches of an im
21、mensely tall sacred tree. To the Chinese people, the sun was the incarnation of goodness, beauty, and truth. In popular imagination, the sun was represented as a cock that little by little assumed human form. His battles with the dragons, which personified evil in their beliefs, accounted for moment
22、ary disappearances of the sun that men now call eclipses. Many of the Chinese people worshiped the sun, but in the vast and complicated organization of the Chinese gods, the sun was of only secondary importance.Along with these unsophisticated beliefs about the sun, the Chinese evolved a science of
23、astronomy based upon observationthough essentially religiouswhich enabled them to predict eclipses of the sun and the movement of the stars. Such predictions were based on calculations made by using a gnomon an object whose shadow could be used as a measure, as with a sundial or simple shadow pointe
24、rs. Moreover, with the naked eye, the Chinese observed sunspots, a phenomenon not then known to their contemporaries.11 The ancient Chinese believed that the earth_.（A）was a chariot（B） sloped to the northwest（C） was supported by columns（D）had nine layers12 To the Chinese people, the sun represented_
25、.（A）the primary god（B） evil（C） goodness, beauty and truth（D）combat13 The suns disappearances were thought to be caused by_.（A）fights with cocks（B） fights with dragons（C） a scientific phenomenon（D）eclipse14 Ancient Chinese astronomy could be accurately described as_.（A）entirely religious in nature（B）
26、 based on legendary figures（C） advanced in some areas（D）completely unsuccessful15 Implied but not stated; _.（A）The sun was worshiped by all the Chinese people（B） The sun was thought of as a cock（C） Chinese religion and astronomy were closely interrelated（D）Sundials were first used by the Chinese15 A
27、cting is such an overcrowded profession that the only advice that should be given to a young person thinking of going on the stage is “Dont!“ But it is useless to try to discourage someone who feels that he must act, although the chances of his becoming famous are small. The normal way to begin is t
28、o go to a drama school. Usually only students who show promise and talent are accepted, and the course lasts two years. Then the young actor or actress takes up work with a play company, usually as assistant stage manager. This means doing everything that there is to do in the theatre: painting scen
29、ery, looking after the furniture, taking care of the clothes, and even acting in very small parts. It is very hard work indeed, the hours are long and the salary is tiny. But young actors with the stage in their blood are happy, waiting for the chance of work with a better company, or perhaps in fil
30、ms or television.Of course, some people have unusual chances which lead to fame and success without this long and dull training. Connie Pratt, for example, was just an ordinary girl working in a bicycle factory. A film producer happened to catch sight of her one morning waiting at a bus stop, as he
31、drove past in his big car. He told the driver to stop, and he got out to speak to the girl. He asked her if she would like to go to the film company to do a test, and at first she thought he was joking. Then she got angry and said she would call the police. It took the producer twenty minutes to tel
32、l Connie that he was serious. Then an appointment was made for her to go to the company the next day. The test was successful. They gave her some necessary lessons and within a few weeks she was playing the leading part in a film, which made her well-known overnight throughout the country. Of course
33、, she was given a more dramatic name, which is now world-famous. But chances like this happen once in a blue moon!16 The main reason why young people should be discouraged from becoming actors is that_.（A）actors are very unusual people（B） the course at the drama school lasts too long（C） acting is ve
34、ry hard work（D）there are already too many actors17 An assistant stage managers job is difficult because he has to_.（A）do all kinds of stage work（B） work for long hours（C） wait for a better opportunity（D）have a talent for acting18 “Young actors with the stage in their blood are happy“ means_.（A）they
35、dont care if their job is hard（B） they like the stage naturally（C） they are born happy（D）they are easily satisfied19 Connie Pratt thought the film producer was joking, for she_.（A）didnt know who the man was（B） never wanted to become an actress（C） couldnt believe what the man said（D）had no interest i
36、n art20 The phrase “once in a blue moon“ in the last sentence means_.（A）immediately（B） unexpectedly（C） slowly（D）rarely20 Started in 1636, Harvard University is the oldest of all the many colleges and universities in the United States. Yale, Princeton, Columbia and Dartmouth were opened soon after Ha
37、rvard. They were all started before the American Revolution made the thirteen colonies into states.In the early years, these schools were much alike. Only young men attended college. All the students studied the same subjects, and everyone learned Latin, Greek and Hebrew. Little was known about scie
38、nce then, and one kind of school could teach everything that was known about the world. When the students graduated, most of them became ministers of teachers.In 1782, Harvard started a medical school for young men who wanted to become doctors. Later, lawyers could receive their training in Harvard
39、law school. In 1825, Harvard began teaching modem languages, such as French and German, as well as Latin and Greek. Soon it began teaching American history.As knowledge increased, Harvard and other colleges began to teach many new subjects. Students were allowed to choose the subjects that intereste
40、d them.Special colleges for women were started. New state universities began to teach such subjects as farming, engineering and business. Today, there are many different kinds of colleges and universities. Most of them are divided into smaller schools that deal with special fields of learning. There
41、 is so much to learn that one kind of school cannot offer it all.21 The oldest university in the United States is_.（A）Dartmouth（B） Columbia（C） Princeton（D）Harvard22 On the whole the passage is about_.（A）how colleges have changed（B） how to start a university（C） the American Revolution（D）the world-fam
42、ous colleges in America23 As knowledge increased, colleges began to teach_.（A）everything that was known（B） many new subjects（C） Latin, Greek and Hebrew（D）French and German24 Which statement does the passage lead you to believe?（A）Every student studied Latin, Greek and Hebrew.（B） The early schools ar
43、e still much alike.（C） There is more to learn today than in 1636.（D）They began teaching foreign languages in 1825.25 Implied but not stated; _.（A）Universities have changed over the years（B） Today all students study to become teachers or ministers（C） All colleges and universities are the same（D）They
44、were much alike in the early years专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷 116 答案与解析一、Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blacken
45、ing the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.【知识模块】 阅读理解1 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 文章第一段第一句 Psychologist George Spilich and colleagues at Washington College in Chestertown，Maryland，decided to find out whether，as many smokers say，smoking helps them to“think and concentrate”故选 A。【知识模块】 阅读理解2 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】
46、从四次实验来看，一次比一次复杂，而结果也显示出抽烟的人与不抽烟人对复杂问题的反应的差别，故选 B。【知识模块】 阅读理解3 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 根据上下文推测，best 在这里有“胜出，打败 ”的意思。故选 beat。 【知识模块】 阅读理解4 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 文章第二段结尾 In this simple test，smokers ，deprived smokers and nonsmokers performed equally well可知不抽烟者和抽烟者在很简单的测试中表现得一样好。故选 C。【知识模块】 阅读理解5 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 文章最后一句“i
47、f no problems arose，but if something went wrong，smoking might damage his mental capacity”可知抽烟的人处理应急事件的能力不强，故选 D。 【知识模块】 阅读理解【知识模块】 阅读理解6 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 从文章整体看，是在讲系安全带的重要性、司机的职责和不佩戴安全带的惩罚措施。全文的语言风格比较随意，语言也比较简单，所以不可能选自 a legal document(法律文件) 或 the Federal Laws(联邦政府的法律)；另外，文章显然与医学没有太大的关联，不是来自于 a medica
48、l magazine(医学杂志)。D 项为正确答案，意为“警局报导”，这是一种不太正式的类似于新闻报道的文体，因为文章中提到了佩戴安全带的重要性，也提到了交通事故、司机的职责和惩戒措施，所以选D。【知识模块】 阅读理解7 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 答案在第一段的最后一句，“佩戴安全带可以拯救人们的生命；它可以将你严重受伤或者死亡的几率减低一半以上。”C 项的含义是“减低交通事故中的死亡几率”，符合此句；A 的含义是“减少路面事故数量一半以上 ”，佩戴安全带显然不能直接起这个作用；B 的含义是“在行驶时速达到每小时 30 英里时可以救命”；D 项的含义是“每年拯救多于 15，000 人的生命
49、 ”，在文中找不到根据。【知识模块】 阅读理解8 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 答案在第二段最后一句。“但司机将有责任保证 14 岁以下的儿童不能坐在前座，除非他们佩戴安全带，”因此选 B“让前座的 14 岁以下的儿童配戴安全带”。C 意为“不让儿童坐在前座”，是以偏概全的。 【知识模块】 阅读理解9 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 答案在第三段的第一句，“然而，倒车的时候你无需佩戴安全带”。与 A 项“倒车入停车位”相符；C 项的“递送请柬”表面上看来跟第三段第一句中的making a local delivery or collection using special vehicle 有关，但是我们从文中无法判断这种可以造成特例的 local delivery 到底是不是 delivering invitation letters。这种无法从文中获取到足够肯定证据的选项是不能够选的。这是细节题做题的基本原则，即一定要在文中找到基本对应的句子段落。 【知识模块】 阅读理解10 【正确答案】 B【试题
