1、专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷 23 及答案与解析一、Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on th
2、e Answer Sheet.0 As suppliers of most of the food we eat and of raw materials for many of industrial processes, agriculture is clearly an important area of the economy. But the industrial performance of agriculture is even more important than this, or in nations where the productivity of farmers is
3、low, most of the working population is needed to raise food and few people are available for production of investment goods or for other activities required for economic growth. Indeed, one of the factors related most closely to the per capital income(人均收入)of a nation is the fraction of its populati
4、on engaged in farming. In the poorest nations of the world more than half of the population lives on farms. This compares sharply with less than 10 percent in Western Europe and less than 4 percent in the United States.In short, the course of economic development in general depends in a fundamental
5、way on the performance of farmers. This performance, in turn, depends on how agriculture is organized and on the economic environment or market structure, within which it functions. In the following pages the performance of American agriculture is examined. It is appropriate to begin with a consider
6、ation of its market structure .1 This passage is most probably_.（A）a news item（B） part of an introduction of a book（C） part of a lecture（D）an advertisement2 What is most important to agriculture is_.（A）the amount of food it produces（B） the per capital income of farmers（C） its industrial performance（
7、D）the production of investment goods3 The word “this“ in Line 3 refers to_.（A）the provision of food and raw materials（B） the productivity of farmers（C） the production of investment goods（D）the economy as a whole4 The performance of farmers essentially determines_.（A）the size of the working populatio
8、n（B） the organization of agriculture（C） the market structure（D）the general development of economy5 This passage will most probably be followed by a discussion of_.（A）the structure of American farming population（B） the market structure of American agriculture（C） the various functions of American agri
9、culture（D）the organization of American agriculture5 Before 1945, hardly anyone outside of New Mexico had ever heard of Alamogordo. In 1960 its population numbered 21 ,723. Ever since 1898, when the town had been built by the Southern Pacific Railroad, Alamogordo had been a lonely town. The land arou
10、nd it was largely desert, and largely empty.Because it was isolated and because the weather was almost always clear and beautiful; a spot of desert near Alamogordo was chosen as the test site for the first atomic bomb ever exploded. The secret name of the test was Zero.At dawn on July 16, 1945 , the
11、 atomic bomb was set off. Observers agreed that they had witnessed something unlike anything ever seen by men before; a huge colorful fireball, more brilliant than the sun, flashing as it rose for miles into the air. Never before had men released so much power at one time, nor had any nation ever po
12、ssessed a weapon as terrible and destructive as the atomic bomb.For several weeks, the test was kept secret. When an atomic bomb was dropped from an American plane on Hiroshima, Japan, newspapers and radio stations all over America told of the test of the bomb in New Mexico. Almost everybody was ama
13、zed to learn where the bomb had been made and tested; the deserts of the Southwest had hidden the secret well.When news of the atomic bomb and its destructiveness was announced, people all over the world wondered what other new weapons were being prepared in New Mexico desert. Some people doubted th
14、at the secret making atomic bombs could be kept from other countries. Some even doubted the wisdom of using so powerful a weapon. But no one doubted that a new kind of warand a new kind of worldhad begun at Alamogordo, one summer morning in 1946.6 What is the main topic of this passage?（A）The secret
15、 of Alamogordo.（B） A new kind of war.（C） The destructive force of the first atomic bomb.（D）The selection of the test site for the first atomic bomb.7 Which of the following is the main reason for choosing Alamogordo as the test site?（A）It always had an enjoyable climate.（B） It was connected to other
16、 cities by a railway.（C） Its location would hide the secret well.（D）It was situated in southwestern New Mexico.8 When was the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima?（A）As soon as the secret was revealed.（B） At dawn on July 16, 1945.（C） Immediately after the test.（D）Several weeks after the test.9 After the
17、 first atomic bomb explosion, everybody agreed that_.（A）it was wise to choose Alamogordo as the test site（B） man had entered the age of nuclear warfare（C） it was not wise to use such a powerful weapon（D）it was not possible to keep the technology of making atomic bombs secret10 The tone of this passa
18、ge is one of_.（A）anxiety（B） satisfaction（C） encouragement（D）fear10 Television has changed the life style of people in every industrialized country in the world. In the United States, where sociologists have studied the effects, some interesting observations have been made.Television, although not es
19、sential , has become an important part of most people s lives. It alters people s ways of seeing the world; in many ways, it supports and sustains modern life. Television has become a baby-sitter, an introducer of conversations, the major transmitter or culture, a keeper of tradition. Yet when what
20、can be seen on TV in one day is critically analyzed, it becomes evident that television is not a teacher but a sustainer; the poor quality of programming does not elevate(提高)people into greater understanding, but rather maintains and encourages the life as it exists.The primary reason for the lack o
21、f quality in American television is related to both the history of TV programming development and the economics of TV. Television in America began with the radio. Radio companies and their sponsors first experimented with television. Therefore, the close relationship which the advertisers had with r
22、adio programs became the system for American TV. Sponsors not only paid money for time within programs, but many actually produced the programs. Thus, in American society, television is primarily concerned with reflecting and attracting society rather than experimenting with new ideas. Advertisers w
23、ant to attract the largest viewing audience possible. To do so requires that the programs be entertaining rather than educational, attractive rather than challenging.Television in America today remains, to a large extent, with the same organization and standards as it had thirty years ago. The hope
24、for further development and true achievement toward improving society will require a change in the entire system.11 According to the author American television is poor in quality because_.（A）advertisers are interested in experimenting with new ideas（B） it is still at an early stage of development, c
25、ompared with the radio（C） the programs have to be developed in the interests of the sponsors for economic reasons（D）it is controlled by radio companies12 The second paragraph is mainly about_.（A）TV as the sustainer of American life（B） TV as the major transmitter of culture（C） the educational effect
26、of TV on society（D）the strong influence and the poor quality of American TV13 In the author s view American TV should_.（A）be critical but entertaining（B） be creative and educational（C） change with the development of society（D）attract as many viewers as possible14 The author believes that television
27、in the United States has become important to most people because_.（A）it promotes family unity（B） it helps them develop their speaking ability（C） it affects their life in many ways（D）it challenges society15 The author s attitude towards American television is_.（A）critical（B） praising（C） doubtful（D）sy
28、mpathetic15 The sea is the common property of all nations. It belongs equally to all. None can appropriate it exclusively to themselves; nor is it “foreign“ to any.This was the decision of John Marshall, chief justice of the United States from 1801 to 1835. It was stated as a fundamental rule of the
29、 sea that no one, and therefore everyone, owns the ocean. This means that outside territorial waters(the waters within three miles of a country s coast), the law is whatever nations agree on in peacetime and whatever the strongest naval powers can enforce in wartime.After the United States purchased
30、 Alaska, Americans began to seize Canadians who were hunting seals outside Alaskan territorial waters. The Americans claimed that the seals were American property because they often came in to the Alaskan shores owned by the United States. International arbitrators disagreed with this reasoning. In
31、some cases, however, the special rights of a nation that makes use of an open-sea area are recognized.All of the sea s rules of the road are established by international conferences and treaties.16 The fundamental rule of the sea means that_.（A）the sea should be equally divided among all the nations
32、 in the world（B） any area of the sea belongs to the nation closest to it（C） no nation has any sea rights（D）no nation has exclusive right to the open sea17 The Americans claim to the seals was based on_.（A）the idea that the seals coming to American shores were American property（B） the idea that they
33、were international arbitrators（C） the fact that the United States had purchased all the waters of Alaska（D）the fact that the United States had special rights for open-sea areas18 International arbitrators decided that_.（A）Canada had no right to hunt seals of Alaska（B） the Canadians could hunt the se
34、als outside Alaskan territorial waters（C） the United States could claim the seals as its property（D）the Americans could not hunt the seals19 In peacetime, nations may acquire special rights on open waters by_.（A）an agreement with the strongest naval powers（B） the decisions of international arbitrato
35、rs（C） international agreements（D）negotiations with those who own the areas20 The main idea of this passage is that_.（A）the law of the sea was stated by John Marshall（B） some nations are able to acquire special open sea rights（C） every nation owns its territorial waters（D）the laws of the sea are esta
36、blished by international agreement专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷 23 答案与解析一、Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackeni
37、ng the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.【知识模块】 阅读理解1 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 由文章倒数第二句“In the followingpages the performance of American agriculture isexamined”可以推断此文是节选自某本书的序言。【知识模块】 阅读理解2 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 根据第一段第二句中“But theindustrial performance of agriculture is even moreimportant than this”可知应选 C。【知识
38、模块】 阅读理解3 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 由 this 前面的 “As suppliers of most ofthe food we eat and of raw materials for many ofindustrial processes，agriculture is clearly animportant area of the economy”可推断 A 正确。【知识模块】 阅读理解4 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 由第二段第一句“In short，the courseof economic development in general depends in afunda
39、mental way on the performance of farmers”可知答案为 D。【知识模块】 阅读理解5 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 文章第二段最后两句说到“In thefollowing pages the performance of Americanagriculture is examinedIt is appropriate to beginwith a consideration of its market structure”故选 B。【知识模块】 阅读理解【知识模块】 阅读理解6 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 文章主要记述了阿拉莫戈多的秘密，即它是一个研究原
40、子弹的秘密基地。故 A 正确。【知识模块】 阅读理解7 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 由第二段第一句的“Because it wasisolated”及后面第四段最后一句的“thedeserts of the Southwest had hidden the secretwell”可知 C 为最佳选项，A 项只占一部分原因。【知识模块】 阅读理解8 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 由文章第四段的内容可知，新墨西哥的原子弹爆发几周后，一直处于保密状态，直到美国在日本广岛投下原子弹，新墨西哥的原子弹才被曝光。由此可推断出本题答案应为 D。【知识模块】 阅读理解9 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 根据最
41、后一句“But no one doubtedthat a new kind of warand a new kind ofworldhad begun at Alamogordo，one summermorning in 1946”可知应选 B。【知识模块】 阅读理解10 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 由第三段最后一句“Never before hadmen released so much power at one time，nor hadany nation ever possessed a weapon as terrible anddestructive as the atomic b
42、omb”可推出作者的口气。四个选项中 D 项较为恰当。【知识模块】 阅读理解【知识模块】 阅读理解11 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 第三段第一句说到“The primary reasonfor the lack of quality in American television isrelated to both the history of TV programmingdevelopment and the economics of TV”再根据下文对此的解释，可知选 C。【知识模块】 阅读理解12 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 由第二段第一句“become animportant par
43、t of most peoples lives”和最后一句“the poor quality of programming does notelevate(提高)people into greater understanding，but rather maintains and encourages the life as itexists”可知与 D 一致。【知识模块】 阅读理解13 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 从文章第三段的末尾“Advertisers wantto attract the largest viewing audience possible，todo so require
44、s that the programs be entertainingrather than educational， attractive rather thanchallenging”可以读出作者的态度，作者认为广告商只是想吸引大多数观众，因此节目更多地表现为娱乐性而不是教育性，吸引性而不是挑战性。因此作者的态度是想让节目更具教育性和创新性。【知识模块】 阅读理解14 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 从第二段第一、二句“Television，although not essential，has become an importantpart of most peoples livesIt a
45、lters peoples waysof seeing the world；in many ways，it supports andsustains modern life”可知电视已成为人们生活中的一个重要部分。故选 C。【知识模块】 阅读理解15 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 从全文来看，作者提出了美国电视节目存在的问题，而文章中最后一句话“The hopefor further development and true achievementtoward improving society will require a change inthe entire system”也表明了作者的
46、态度。故选 A。【知识模块】 阅读理解【知识模块】 阅读理解16 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 由文章第一段第二、三句“It belongsequally to allNone can appropriate it exclusivelyto themselves；nor is itforeignto any ”和第二段第三句“It was stated as a fundamental rule ofthe sea that no one，and therefore everyone，ownsthe ocean”可知 D 项正确。【知识模块】 阅读理解17 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 从第
47、三段第二句“The Americansclaimed that the seals were American propertybecause they often came in to the Alaskan shoresowned by the United States”可知 A 正确。【知识模块】 阅读理解18 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 文章第三段倒数第二句提到“International arbitrators disagreed with thisreasoning”其中 “this”指的是前面一句美国的声明。四个选项中只有 B项较为符合本句隐含意思，故选 B。【知识模块】 阅
48、读理解19 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 文章第二段结尾提到“the law iswhatever nations agree on in peacetime andwhatever the strongest naval powers can enforce inwartime”其中agree on 与 C 一致。【知识模块】 阅读理解20 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 根据全文的讲述以及最后一句“All ofthe seas rules of the road are established byinternational conferences and treaties”可知 D 为正确答案。【知识模块】 阅读理解
