1、专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷 24 及答案与解析一、Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on th
2、e Answer Sheet.0 What is your favorite color? Do you like yellow, orange, red? If you do, you must be an optimist , a leader, an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement. Do you prefer grays and blues? Then you are probably quiet, shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to b
3、e a pessimist(悲观主义者). This is what psychologists tell us. They tell us, among other facts, that we dont choose our favorite color as we grow upweare born with our preference . If you happen to love brown, you did so as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.Colors
4、 do influence our moods; there is no doubt about it. A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one. On the other hand, black is depressing. A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides than any other bridge in th
5、e areauntil it was repainted green. The number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply; perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue.We often associate a particular color with a piece of music, a book, a play, a person, a number, or a letter. Doesn t 3
6、 look red and 4 yellow? At the beginning of this century a French poet wrote that for him the letter A was always black; E was white, I red, O blue, and U green. For someone else, U might be deep purple or lemon yellow. A tragic(悲观的)story makes you think of black, red, and gold, while love stories v
7、ary from red to pinkor may be light blue? And why did the black American composers of sad jazz music call the songs “blues“?Remember, then, that if you feel low, you can always brighten your dayor your lifewith a new shirt or a few cans of paint. And don t forget that anyone can guess a lot about yo
8、ur personality when you choose a pair of socks or a lampshade.1 A person who prefers grays and blues is likely to be_.（A）a leader（B） an optimist（C） a follower（D）a psychologist2 The number of suicide attempts fell sharply after_.（A）the bridge over the Thames River was repainted pink（B） the bridge ove
9、r the Thames River was repainted green（C） the bridge over the Thames River had been repainted baby blue（D）the bridge over the Thames River had been repainted black3 Which of the following statements is TRUE about the French poet mentioned in the above passage?（A）He always wrote the letter A in black
10、.（B） I am red he wrote.（C） He wrote for himself that the letter U was always green.（D）He said that the letter A always suggested depression to him.4 The songs of the sad jazz music get the name “blues“ because_.（A）the black people are sad（B） the blue color reminds one sadness（C） the black people lik
11、e the songs（D）the blue color is sad5 Which of the following do you think may best serve as the title of this passage?（A）How Color Influences Mood（B） The Difference Between Color and Mood（C） Mood s Influence on Color（D）Colors Influence on Mood5 There isnt any question about Washington s greatness. If
12、 his administration had been a failure, there would have been no United States. He had all the background that caused him to know how to make it work, because he had worked under the Continental Congress. Some Presidents have limited their roles to being administrators of the laws without being lead
13、ers. But Washington was both a great administrator and a great leader. I guess in fact, that the only anti-Washington thing I can say is that he made a mistake when he established the precedent of the two-term President and even there he had a good personal reason for wanting that, at least for hims
14、elf. He was attacked viciously by the press of his day; he was called so many terrible things that he told friends even during his first term that he wasn t going to run again. But Thomas Jefferson and James Madison and Alexander Hamilton persuaded him to go ahead and serve a second term and finally
15、 he did. After he d gotten through his second term, though, he made up his mind that he just wouldnt take it any more, and he quit.6 Basically the authors opinion of Washington is_.（A）praiseful（B） derogatory（C） critical（D）negative7 Washington s administration had been a_.（A）failure（B） success（C） goo
16、d example followed by other presidents（D）miracle8 Washington s greatness showed itself in that_.（A）Washington worked under the Continental Congress（B） Washington limited his role to being administrators of the laws（C） Washington was both a great administrator and a great leader（D）Washington establis
17、hed the precedent of the two-term Presidency9 Whats the authors attitude toward Washingtons two-term Presidency?（A）He thinks Washington made a mistake by doing so.（B） He thinks that Washington had a good personal reason for doing so.（C） He thinks that Washington was too selfish in doing so.（D）both A
18、 and B10 Which of the following is NOT TRUE?（A）Washington was very popular with the press of his day.（B） Washington was persuaded to serve the second term.（C） Washington contributed much to the establishment of the United States.（D）Washingtons greatness is undoubted.10 As protector of her family s h
19、ealth, the pioneer woman confronted situations she never imagined before crossing the Mississippi. Few women came West prepared to deal with desert sunburn, rattlesnake bites, or arrow wounds. Even when doctors were available, they were often no more knowledgeable than their patients. And most paten
20、t medicines were no more reliable than the traveling merchants who sold them.In certain cases, a woman could draw upon the folk wisdom and remedies she had learned back home. Western mosquitoes , for example, proved to be as repelled by a paste of vinegar and salt as were their Eastern cousins. More
21、 often, however, a woman was guided only by her own skill in preparing tonics , powders, poisons, and polishes from whatever she had at hand; salt made a passable toothpaste; gunpowder was applied to warts(瘤), and turpentine to open cuts; goose grease, skunk oil, and the ever-present lard(猪油)were ba
22、sic liniments(擦剂); medicinal teas and tonics were made from sunflower seeds and roots.11 According to the passage, why were doctors in the West sometimes unable to help their patients?（A）They did not know how to treat the unfamiliar illnesses.（B） They knew little about medicine.（C） They were not gen
23、uine doctors.（D）They were often overcome by diseases.12 Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about patent medicines?（A）They were not available.（B） Few doctors knew how to use them.（C） They did not work very well.（D）The merchants who sold them were reliable.13 It can be inferred th
24、at most of the pioneers referred to in the passage were originally from_in the United States.（A）the desert（B） the West（C） the state of Mississippi（D）the East14 As used in Line 3, Para 2, the word “cousins“ refers to_.（A）similar medicines（B） mosquitoes in the East（C） people with the same beliefs（D）fa
25、mily members in the East15 It can be inferred from the passage that in order to survive in the West the pioneer had to be_.（A）sincere（B） friendly（C） resourceful（D）hard-working15 People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviors are formed. It is not easy to explain why one p
26、erson is intelligent and another is not, or why one is cooperative and another is competitive.Social scientists are, of course, extremely interested in these types of questions. They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behaviors. There are no clear answers yet,
27、 but two distinct schools of thought on the matter have developed. As one might expect, the two approaches are very different from one another, and there is a great deal of debate between proponents of each theory. The controversy is often referred to as “nature/nurture“.Those who support the “natur
28、e“ side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological and genetics(遗传学)factors. That our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics, and behavior is central to this theory. Taken to an extreme, this theor
29、y maintains that our behavior is predetermined to such a degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts.Proponents of the “nurture“ theory, or, as they are often called, behaviorists, claimed that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining
30、how we will act. A behaviorist, B. F. Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings. The behaviorists view of the human being is quite mechanistic; they maintain that, like machines, humans respond to environmental stimuli(刺激)as the basis of their be
31、havior.Either of these theories cannot yet fully explain human behavior. In fact, it is quite likely that the key to our behavior lies somewhere between these two extremes. That the controversy will continue for a long time is certain.16 Which one of the following statements would supporters of the
32、“nature“ theory agree with?（A）A person s instincts have little effect on his action.（B） Environment is important in determining a persons behavior and personality.（C） Biological reasons have a strong influence on how we act.（D）The behaviorists view correctly explains how we act.17 Which one of the f
33、ollowing statements would proponents of the “nurture“ theory agree with?（A）A person s character is greatly influenced by his environment.（B） Behaviorist theory is not correct.（C） Biologically based instincts are important in how we act.（D）Environment has little to do with behavior.18 B.F. Skinner_.（
34、A）supports the nature theory（B） believes in the importance of genes in determining personality（C） thinks the environment plays an important role in determining character（D）believes instincts govern behavior19 Concerning the nature / nurture controversy, the writer of this article _.（A）supports the n
35、ature theory（B） supports the nurture theory（C） believes both are completely wrong（D）thinks that the correct explanation of human behavior will take ideas from both theories20 In the United States, Black people often score below White people on intelligence tests. With this in mind, which one of the
36、following statements is NOT TRUE?（A）Nature proponents would say that Whites are genetically superior to Blacks.（B） Supporters of the nature theory would say that Whites score well because they have a superior environment.（C） Behaviorists would say that Black often lack the educational and environmen
37、tal advantages that Whites enjoy.（D）Nurture proponents would disagree that Blacks are biologically inferior to Whites.专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷 24 答案与解析一、Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the pass
38、ages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.【知识模块】 阅读理解1 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 从第一段第四、五句中“Do you prefergrays and blues?Then you are probably quiet，shy，and you would rather follow than lead”可知 C 是正确答案。【知识模块】 阅读理解2 【正确答案】
39、 B【试题解析】 从第二段第四、五句“A black bridgeover the Thames River，near London，used to bethe scene of more suicides than any other bridgein the areauntil it was repainted greenThenumber of suicide attempts immediately fellsharply”可知 B 正确。【知识模块】 阅读理解3 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 从第二段第三句“On the other hand ，black is depressing
40、”和第三段第三句“At thebeginning of this century a French poet wrote thatfor him the letter A was always black”可推断出 D 正确。【知识模块】 阅读理解4 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 根据第三段最后一句“And why didthe black American composers of sad jazz musiccall the songsblues”中的 sad 可知正确答案为 B。【知识模块】 阅读理解5 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 文章一直在强调颜色影响心情，第二段首句即是文章的中心。
41、故选D。【知识模块】 阅读理解【知识模块】 阅读理解6 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 文章第一段着重介绍了华盛顿的巨大贡献，由第二句“If his administration had beena failure，there would have been no UnitedStates”和最后一句“But Washington was both agreat administrator and a great leader”可知作者对华盛顿是持赞扬态度的。故选 A。【知识模块】 阅读理解7 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 从第一段的第二句中“If hisadministration had b
42、een a failure，there wouldhave been no United States”可推理出华盛顿的行政管理是成功的。【知识模块】 阅读理解8 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 从第一段最后一句“But Washingtonwas both a great administrator and a great leader”可知 C 对。【知识模块】 阅读理解9 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 从第二段第一句“that the only antiWashington thing I can say is that he made amistake when he establish
43、ed the precedent of thetwoterm President and even there he had a goodpersonal reason for wanting that，at least forhimself”可知 A、B 都正确，故正确答案为 D。【知识模块】 阅读理解10 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 从第二段第二句可知“He wasattacked viciously by the press of his day”，在这里 “be attacked viciously”与选项 A 中的“popular”不相符，故选 A。【知识模块】 阅读理解【知识模块
44、】 阅读理解11 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 文章第一段第三句说到“Even whendoctors were available ，they were often no moreknowledgeable than their patients”即：医生不比病人知道得多。此句中“Do more knowledgeable”和选项 A 中的“didnt know”是同义替换。【知识模块】 阅读理解12 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 从文章第一段最后一句中“And mostpatent medicines were no more reliable”可知这些药的效果也不是很好。故 C 正确。【
45、知识模块】 阅读理解13 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 文章第一段“Few women came Westprepared to deal with desert sunburn，rattlesnakebites，or arrow wounds ”可知她们不可能来自西部和沙漠地带，又由第一句中“before crossing theMississippi” 可知她们也不可能来自密西西比。再结合地理知识可推出她们大多数来自美国东部。【知识模块】 阅读理解14 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 由第二段第二句“Western mosquitoes，for example，proved to be as
46、 repelled by a paste ofvinegar and salt as were their Eastern cousins”可推理出cousins 指的是 mosquitoes in the east。这样选词主要是为避免重复。【知识模块】 阅读理解15 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 通过全文描述可推断出要想在西部生存的话必须要能够足智多谋，随机应变，即 C 项的意思。【知识模块】 阅读理解【知识模块】 阅读理解16 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 从文章第三段开头提到“Those whosupport thenatureside of the conflict believet
47、hat our personalities and behavior patterns arelargely determined by biological and genetics(遗传学)factors”可知 C 是正确答案。【知识模块】 阅读理解17 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 由文章第四段第一句“Proponents ofthenurturetheory，or ，as they are often called，behaviorists，claimed that our environment is moreimportant than our biologically based
48、 instincts indetermining how we will act ”可知在持“nurture”理论观点的人看来，环境决定我们的行为。因此选 A。【知识模块】 阅读理解18 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 第四段第二句提到“BFSkinner，sees humans as beings whose behavior is almostcompletely shaped by their surroundings”此题关键是读出被动句和 shape 的意思。文中的 shape(塑造) 与选项中的“play an important role indeterming”是同义替换。【知识模块】 阅读理解19 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 从文中第五段第二句“In fact ，it isquite likely that the key to our behavior liessomewhere between these two extremes”可知 D 正确。【知识模块】 阅读理解20 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 选项中的 B 是赞成“天性”学说的人认为美国人取得高分是因为他们处的环境比较优越，这与其生物和遗传对人的影响较大的观点相冲突。故选 B。【知识模块】 阅读理解
