1、专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷 30 及答案与解析一、Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on th
2、e Answer Sheet.0 The accuracy of scientific observations and calculations is always at the mercy of the scientist s time-keeping methods. For this reason, scientists are interested in devices that give promise of more precise time-keeping.In their search for precision , scientists have turned to ato
3、mic clocks that depend on various vibrating atoms or molecules to supply their “ticking“. This is possible because each kind of atom or molecule has its own characteristic rate of vibration. Atom in ammonia, for example, vibrates or “ticks“ 24 billion times a second.One such atomic clock is so accur
4、ate that it will probably lose no more than a second in 3000 years. It will be of great importance in fields such as astronomical observation and long-range navigation. The heart of this Atomichron is a cesium(铯)atom that vibrates 9. 2 billion times a second when heated to the temperature of boiling
5、 water.An atomic clock that operates with an ammonia molecule may be used to check the accuracy of predictions based on Einstein s relativity theories, according to which a clock in motion and a clock at rest should keep time differently. Placed in an orbiting satellite moving at a speed of 18,000 m
6、iles an hour, the clock could broadcast its time readings on a similar model. Whatever differences develop would be checked against the differences predicted.1 The selection says that the accuracy of scientific observation depends on _.（A）methods of measurement（B） basic assumptions（C） time-keeping m
7、ethods（D）earlier experiments2 Atomic clocks differ according to_.（A）function（B） the rate of vibration（C） the type of molecule or atom used（D）both B and C3 The Atomichron will be used in_.（A）making astronomical observations（B） measuring vibration rates（C） broadcasting（D）all of the above4 From the sel
8、ection, we may assume that temperature changes_.（A）affect only ammonia molecules（B） may affect the vibration rate of atoms（C） affect the speed at which atoms travel（D）do not affect atoms in any way5 An appropriate title for this selection would be _.（A）A Peacetime Use of the Atom（B） The Satellite Ti
9、mekeeper（C） Atoms and Molecules（D）The Role of the Clock5 Nowadays, with women playing an ever-increasing role in all kinds of careers and professions, it is difficult to understand that there was a time when no medical school would accept a woman. They all said that only a man could be a doctor. An
10、American, Elizabeth Blackwell, was determined to become the first woman doctor in the world. After a great deal of delay and opposition , she received, to her great surprise, a letter from the Dean of Geneva College informing her that she had been accepted.Much later, Elizabeth discovered what had a
11、ctually happened when her application had been received by the College authorities. None of them wanted to have a woman student, but they did not wish to offend the influential Philadelphia doctor who had recommended her, so they hit on the expedient of turning the decision over to the students gene
12、ral meeting. They were quite certain that this would result in this alarming idea being turned down. But when the student body met, many of them thought it would be amusing to be the only medical college in the country which could boast that it was training some sort of Amazon as a woman doctor. Som
13、e genuinely believed that women should be treated equally. While others thought of the whole thing as a joke. So the vote in favor was carried unanimously, and the college authorities found, with dismay, that they would now have to admit Elizabeth.A few days after receiving the notification of her a
14、cceptance, Elizabeth was on the train for the two-day journey to Geneva College.6 It is unbelievable that in the past_.（A）no medical school（B） no good woman doctor（C） medical school would accept a woman student（D）woman medical student could become doctor7 Elizabeth Blackwell_.（A）already knew that he
15、r application would be approved（B） had never expected that she would be admitted（C） never doubted that she would become a medical student（D）always doubted the fact that she became a medical student8 Why were students asked to decide on Elizabeths application?（A）Because the college was democratic.（B）
16、 Because all the policy was decided by students in that college.（C） Because students were more fair than the authorities.（D）Because the college authorities believed that man students would not accept Blackwell meanwhile they would not offend the recommender.9 “Unanimously“(in the second paragraph)me
17、ans_.（A）not the same（B） not agreed（C） not in the same way（D）all agree10 The students agreed to accept Elizabeth Blackwell as fellow student_.（A）for some reason untold（B） they believed in equality of the sexes（C） so as not to offend the authorities（D）because they thought it would be amusing10 All tha
18、t we really need to plot out the future of our universe are a few good measurements. This does not mean that we can sit down today and outline the future course of the universe with anything like certainty. There are still too many things we do not know about the way the universe is put together. Bu
19、t we do know exactly what information we need to fill in our knowledge, and we have a pretty good idea of how to go about getting it.Perhaps the best way to think of our present situation is to imagine a train coming into a switchyard(编组站). All of the switches( 转辙器)are set before the train arrives,
20、so that its path is completely determined. Some switches we can see, others we cannot. There is no ambiguity if we can see the setting of a switch : we can say with confidence that some possible futures will not materialize and others will. At the unseen switches, however, there is no such certainty
21、. We know the train will take one of the tracks leading out, but we have no idea which one. The unseen switches are the true decision points in the future, and what happens when we arrive at them determines the entire subsequent course of events.When we think about the future of the universe, we can
22、 see our “track“ many billions of years into the future, but after that there are decision points to be dealt with and possible fates to consider. The goal of science is to reduce the ambiguity at the decision points and find the true road that will be followed.11 According to the passage, it is dif
23、ficult to be certain about the distant future of the universe because we_.（A）have too many conflicting theories（B） do not have enough funding to continue our research（C） are not sure how the universe is put together（D）have focused our investigations on the moon and planets12 What does the author see
24、 as the function of the universe s unseen “switches“?（A）They tell us which one of the tracks the universe will use.（B） They enable us to alter the course of the universe.（C） They give us information about the lunar surface.（D）They determine which course the universe will take in the future.13 In the
25、 last paragraph, the word “track“ could best be replaced by which of the following?（A）Band.（B） Rails.（C） Path.（D）Sequence.14 For whom is the author probably writing this passage?（A）Train engineers.（B） Professors of statistics.（C） General audiences.（D）Young children.15 Which of the following statemen
26、ts best describes the organization of the passage?（A）A statement illustrated by an analogy(类比).（B） A hypothesis supported by documentation(引出文献).（C） A comparison of two contrasting theories.（D）A critical analysis of a common assumption.15 Every artist knows in his heart that he is saying something t
27、o the public. Not only does he want to say it well, but he wants it to be something which has not been said before. He hopes the public will listen and understandhe wants to teach them, and he wants them to learn from him.What visual artists like painters want to teach is easy to make out but diffic
28、ult to explain, because painters translate their experiences into shapes and colors, not words. They seem to feel that a certain selection of shapes and colors, out of the countless billions possible, is exceptionally interesting for them and worth showing to us. Without their work we should never h
29、ave noticed these particular shapes and colors, or have felt the delight which they brought to the artist.Most artists take their shapes and colors from the world of nature and from human bodies in motion and repose(安息); their choices indicate that these aspects of the world are worth looking at, th
30、at they contain beautiful sights. Contemporary artists might say that they merely choose subjects that provide an interesting pattern, that there is nothing more in it. Yet even they do not choose entirely without reference to the character of their subjects.If one painter chooses to paint a gangren
31、ous(坏疽)leg and another a lake in moonlight. Each of them is directing our attention to a certain aspect of the world, each painter is telling us something, showing us something, emphasizing somethingall of which means that, consciously or unconsciously, he is trying to teach us.16 It is hard to expl
32、ain what a painter is saying, because_.（A）most painters do not express themselves well（B） a painter uses unusual words and phrases（C） a painter uses shapes and colors instead of words（D）many painters do not say anything17 Without the artist s work the public might not_.（A）notice particular shapes or
33、 colors（B） see the shapes and colors that express his experiences（C） feel his delight in shapes and colors（D）all of the above18 An artist s choice of shapes and colors indicates that he believes them to be_.（A）meaningful in themselves（B） merely beautiful（C） a reflection of his experiences（D）worth lo
34、oking at19 Compared with a painter of unpleasant subjects, a painter who draws a lake in moonlight is_.（A）conveying more meaning（B） pointing out different things（C） more skilled（D）communicating less20 Implied but not stated; _.（A）A painting is more easily understood than a symphony（B） Art is merely
35、the arranging of shape and color（C） Every artist tries to say something to the public（D）One must look beyond shape and color to find what the artist is saying专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷 30 答案与解析一、Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number o
36、f comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.【知识模块】 阅读理解1 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 文章第一段 The accuracy of scientificobservations and calculations is always at themercy of the scientist
37、s time-keeping methods其中 at the mercy of与 depend on 同义，故 C 正确。【知识模块】 阅读理解2 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 由文章第二段 scientists have turned toatomic clocks that depend on various vibratingatoms or molecules to supply their“ticking”Thisis possible because each kind of atom or moleculehas its own characteristic rate of v
38、ibration可知原子钟发出不同的“滴答”是基于各种分子或原子的振动速度的不同。故 C 正确。【知识模块】 阅读理解3 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 由文章第三段 It will be of greatimportance in fields such as astronomicalobservation and long-range navigation可知 A 正确。【知识模块】 阅读理解4 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 由文章第三段 The heart of thisAtomichron is a cesium(铯)atom that vibrates92 billion times
39、a second when heated to thetemperature of boiling water可知温度 (temperature)会影响 cesium 铯原子的震动次数。所以选 B。【知识模块】 阅读理解5 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 文章的中心词是 atom，主要讲其应用。故 A 正确。【知识模块】 阅读理解【知识模块】 阅读理解6 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 文章第一段 it is difficult to understandthat there was a time when no medical schoolwould accept a woman其中 it is
40、 difficult tounderstand=it is unbelievable，可同义替换。故 C 对。【知识模块】 阅读理解7 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 文章第一段最后 After a great deal ofdelay and opposition，she received，to her greatsurprise ，a letter from the Dean of Geneva Collegeinforming her that she had been accepted可知 Elizabeth 对她自己收到录取通知书也表示很吃惊，说明她从未想到自己能被录取。故 B 对。【
41、知识模块】 阅读理解8 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 根据文章第二段 but they did not wishto offend the influential Philadelphia doctor whohad recommended her，so they hit on theexpedient of turning the decision over to thestudents general meeting可推测学院权威人士碍于面子无法拒收 Elizabeth，他们就将这个难题交由学生来处理，他们认为至少男同学会反对录用女性成为他们中的一员，谁知结果恰恰相反。可知 D 正确。【知
42、识模块】 阅读理解9 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 文章 unanimously 之前用了 somewhile others 这样的句式，故选D。【知识模块】 阅读理解10 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 由文中第二段可知 Some genuinelybelieved that women should be treated equallyWhile others thought of the whole thing as a joke此题 B 或 D 各说对了一个方面，只有 A 更全面。【知识模块】 阅读理解【知识模块】 阅读理解11 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 文章第一段 There ar
43、e still too manythings we do not know about the way the universe isput together所以选 C。【知识模块】 阅读理解12 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 根据文章大意，火车通过转辙器的设置决定其前行的轨道，同样地，未来一切事情的进程也需要有“swithes”，而这些 swithes 就是人们面对问题时的决定(determine)。故选 D。【知识模块】 阅读理解13 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 文章第二段 All of the switches(转辙器)are set before the train arrives，
44、so that its pathis completely determined在这里 path 相当于第三段中的“track”。【知识模块】 阅读理解14 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 从全文可看出作者写本文的目的是在讲述人生的一个道理，所以阅读对象应该是广大的观众朋友。故选 C。【知识模块】 阅读理解15 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 文章阐述了宇宙的未来预测，用火车编组做比喻。故选 A。【知识模块】 阅读理解【知识模块】 阅读理解16 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 文章第二段 What visual artists likepainters want to teach is easy t
45、o make out butdifficult to explain，because painters translate theirexperiences into shapes and colors，not words故 C 对。【知识模块】 阅读理解17 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 文章第二段结尾 Without their work weshould never have noticed these particular shapesand colors，or have felt the delight which theybrought to the artist故 D 对。【知识
46、模块】 阅读理解18 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 文章第三段 their choices indicate thatthese aspects of the world are worth looking at，thatthey contain beautiful sights故 D 对。【知识模块】 阅读理解19 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 从文章第四段 each of them is directingour attention to a certain aspect of the world 可知，无论描绘什么样的景致，都是为了引起我们对世界不同角度的关注。【知识模块】 阅读理解20 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 从文章第四段结尾 Each of them isdirecting our attention to a certain aspect of theworld，each painter is telling us something，showing us something，emphasizing something-all of which means that consciously orunconsciously，he is trying to teach us可知 D 正确。【知识模块】 阅读理解
