1、专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷 31 及答案与解析一、Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on th
2、e Answer Sheet.0 Although the United States cherishes the tradition that it is a nation of small towns and wide open spaces, only one in every eight Americans now lives on a farm. The recent population trend has been a double one, toward both urbanization and suburbanization . Metropolitan areas had
3、 grown explosively in the past decade, and nearly half this increase has been in the suburbs. With the rapid growth of cities has come equally rapid decentralization . The flight of Americans from the central city to the suburbs constituted one of the greatest migrations of modern times; quiet resid
4、ential sections outside cities have become conglomerations(密集)of streets, split-level houses, and shopping centers.This spurt of suburban expansion , however, does not alter the basic fact that the United States has become one of the most urban nations on the face of the earth. Census(人口调查)Bureau fi
5、gures show that the rural population has been shrinking steadily since 1830. When the United States became a nation it had no large cities at all; today some fifty cities have populations of more than 258 ,000. Mammoth complexes of cities are developing in the area of the East Coast and the east nor
6、th-central states, on the Pacific and Gulf coasts, and near the shores of the Great Lakes. Some sociologists now regard the entire 600-mile stretch between Boston and Washington, D. C. an area holding a fifth of the country s populationas one vast city or, as they call it, megalopolis.1 A traditiona
7、l American belief is that_.（A）few people live on farms（B） the nation consists mainly of small towns and wide open spaces（C） the population is the greatest in the world（D）the United States is a nation of big cities2 The selection says that trends are toward the_.（A）growth of cities and shrinking of s
8、uburban areas（B） growth of both rural and suburban areas（C） shrinking of urban and suburban areas（D）growth of urban and suburban areas3 Nearly half the increase in metropolitan population is accounted for by the_.（A）growth of small towns（B） migration to farm areas（C） growth of the suburbs（D）expansio
9、n of existing urban areas4 The author implies that the modern suburb is_.（A）quiet and residential（B） very rural in character（C） confused and overgrown（D）much like a small town5 Megalopolis is the sociologist s name for a_.（A）suburban area around a city（B） large city and its suburbs（C） group of towns
10、 organized as a city（D）group of cities blending to form one huge city5 Amtrak(美国铁路客运公司 )was experiencing a downswing in ridership(客运量)along the lines comprising its rail system. Of major concern to Amtrak and its advertising agency DDB Needham, were the longdistance western routes where ridership ha
11、d been declining significantly . At one time, trains were the only practical way to cross the vast areas of the west. Trains were fast, very luxurious , and quite convenient compared to other forms of transportation existing at the time. However, times change and the automobile became Americas stand
12、ard of convenience. Also, air travel had easily established itself as the fastest method of traveling great distances. Therefore, the task for DDB Needham was to encourage consumers to consider other aspects of train travel in order to change their attitudes and increase the likelihood that trains w
13、ould be considered for travel in the west.Two portions of the total market were targeted: 1)anxious fliersthose concerned with safety, relaxation , and cleanliness and 2)travel-loversthose viewing themselves as relaxed, casual, and interested in the travel experience as part of their vacation. The a
14、gency then developed a campaign that focused on travel experiences such as freedom, escape, relaxation, and enjoyment of the great western outdoors. It stressed experiences gained by using the trains and portrayed western train trips as wonderful adventures.Advertisements showed pictures of the beau
15、tiful scenery that could be enjoyed along some of the more famous western routes and emphasized the romantic names of some of these trains(Empire Builder, etc.). These ads were strategically placed among family-oriented TV shows and programs involving nature and America in order to most effectively
16、reach target audiences. Results were impressive. The Empire Builder, which was focused on in one ad, enjoyed a 15 percent increase in profits on its Chicago to Seattle route.6 What s the author s purpose in writing this passage?（A）To show the inability of trains to compete with planes with respect t
17、o speed and convenience.（B） To stress the influence of the automobile on America s standard of convenience.（C） To emphasize the function of travel agencies in market promotion.（D）To illustrate the important role of persuasive communication in changing consumer attitudes.7 It can be inferred from the
18、 passage that the drop in Amtrak ridership was due to the fact that_.（A）trains were not suitable for short distance passenger transportation（B） trains were not the fastest and most convenient form of transportation（C） trains were not as fast and convenient as they used to be（D）trains could not compe
19、te with planes in terms of luxury and convenience8 To encourage consumers to travel by train, DDB Needham emphasized_.（A）the freedom and convenience provided on trains（B） the practical aspects of train travel（C） the adventurous aspects of train trips（D）the safety and cleanliness of train trips9 The
20、train ads were placed among family-oriented TV programs involving nature and America because_.（A）they could focus on meaningful travel experiences（B） they could increase the effectiveness of the TV programs（C） their profits could be increased by some 15 percent（D）most travel-lovers and nervous flier
21、s were believed to be among the audiences10 According to the passage, the Empire Builder enjoyed an increase in ridership and profits because_.（A）the attractiveness of its name and route was effectively advertised（B） it provided an exciting travel experience（C） its passengers could enjoy the great w
22、estern outdoors（D）it was widely advertised in newspapers and magazines in Chicago and Seattle10 A new World Bank report warns that children who do not get enough good food in the first two years of life suffer lasting damage. They may be underdeveloped or underweight. They may suffer from poor healt
23、h or limited intelligence . In addition, poorly nourished children are more likely to drop out of school and earn less money as adults.The report notes that too little food is not the only cause of poor nutrition. Many children who live in homes with plenty of food suffer for other reasons. For exam
24、ple, the study says that mothers often fail to give their newly born babies their first breast milk. This milk-like substance is called colostrum(初乳). It is full of nutrients that improve a baby s ability to fight infections and disease.The study also links malnutrition(营养不良)to economic growth in po
25、or countries. A lack of nutrition in early childhood can cost developing nations up to three percent of their yearly earnings. Many of these same countries have economies that are growing at a rate of two to three percent yearly. The study suggests that poor countries could possibly double their eco
26、nomic growth if they improved nutrition.Africa and South Asia are affected the most by poor nutrition. The study says about half of all children in India do not get enough good food. The World Bank study also notes that rates of malnutrition in South Asia are almost double those in central and south
27、ern Africa. Other parts of the world are also severely affected, including Indonesia, Uzbekistan, Yemen, Guatemala and Peru.The study recommends that developing countries change their policies to deal with malnutrition. Instead of directly providing food, the study suggests educational programs in h
28、ealth and nutrition for mothers with young babies. It also recommends cleaner living conditions and improvements in health care.World Bank nutrition specialist Meera Shekar said the period of life between Pregnancy and two years is extremely important. Governments with limited resources should take
29、direct action to improve nutrition for children during this period.11 What s the main topic of the passage?（A）Poor nutrition in developing countries.（B） World Bank research.（C） Economic growth rate.（D）Ways to fight malnutrition in developed countries.12 It can be inferred from para. 2 that children
30、who get sufficient food might suffer malnutrition because_.（A）they eat too much rubbish food everyday（B） they take little physical exercise（C） they are lacking in some kinds of necessary nutrients（D）their mothers do not have time to take care of them in the day13 If a poor country managed to provide
31、 enough food for children, the yearly economic growth rate would_.（A）drop（B） not change（C） rise（D）exceed 2 percent14 According to the passage we know that nearly 50 percent of children suffer malnutrition in _.（A）Uzbekistan（B） South Asia（C） South Africa（D）India15 Meera Shekar believed that poor coun
32、tries should help malnourished children by_.（A）providing food directly（B） educational programs in health and nutrition（C） improving living conditions（D）improving health care15 Like fine food, good writing is something we approach with pleasure and enjoy from the first taste to the last. And good wri
33、ters, like good cooks, do not suddenly appear full-blown. Quite the contrary , just as the cook has to undergo an intensive training, mastering the skills of his trade, the writer must sit at his desk and devote long hours to achieving a style in his writing, whatever its purposeschool work, matters
34、 of business, or purely social communication. You may be sure that the more painstaking the effort, the more effective the writing, and the more rewarding.There are still some remote places in the world where you might find a public scribe to do your business or social writing for you, for a fee. Th
35、ere are a few managers who are lucky enough to have the service of that rare kind of secretary who can take care of all sorts of letter writing with no more than a quick note to work from. But for most of us, if there is any writing to be done, we have to do it ourselves.We have to write school pape
36、rs, business papers or home papers. We are constantly called on to put words to paper. It would be difficult to count the number of such words, messages, letters, and reports put into the mails or delivered by hand, but the daily figure must be enormous . What is more, everyone who writes expects, o
37、r at least hopes, that his writing will be read. We want to arouse(引起)and hold the interest of the readers. We want whatever we write to be read, from first word to last, not just thrown into some “letters-to-be-read“ file or into a wastepaper basket. This is the reason we bend our efforts toward le
38、arning and practicing the skills of interesting, effective writing.16 In this passage, good writing is compared to fine food because_.（A）both writers and cooks have to work long hours every day（B） both are essential to life（C） both are enjoyable（D）both writers and cooks can earn a good living17 A pu
39、blic “scribe“(Para. 2)is_.（A）a secretary who does your business or social writing（B） a machine that does writing for you（C） a public school where writing is taught（D）a person who earns a living by writing for others18 According to the passage, some managers dont have to do any letter writing because
40、_.（A）they rely on quick notes（B） they have a computer to do it（C） they have excellent secretaries（D）they prefer making phone calls19 According to the author, if your letter is thrown into some “letters-to-be-read“ file, _.（A）it will receive immediate attention（B） it is likely to be neglected（C） it w
41、ill be dealt with by the secretary（D）it is meant to be delivered soon20 The purpose of the author in writing this passage is_.（A）to argue and demonstrate（B） to comment and criticize（C） to interest and entertain（D）to explain and persuade专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷 31 答案与解析一、Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections
42、: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.【知识模块】 阅读理解1 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 从文章第一句话 Although the U
43、nitedStates cherishes the tradition that it is a nation ofsmall towns and wide open spaces，可知 B 正确。【知识模块】 阅读理解2 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 从文章第一段 The recent populationtrend has been a double one，toward bothurbanization and suburbanization可知 D 正确。【知识模块】 阅读理解3 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 从文章第一段 Metropolitan areas hadgrown exp
44、losively in the past decade，and nearlyhalf this increase has been in the suburbs可知 C 正确。【知识模块】 阅读理解4 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 从文章第一段最后一句 The flight ofAmericans from the central city to the suburbsconstituted one of the greatest migrations ofmodern times；quiet residential sections outsidecities have become eon
45、glomerations(密集)ofstreets，splitlevel houses，and shopping centers可知现代的郊区变得街道密集，成为了购物中心，可推知很混乱很拥挤，故 C 正确【知识模块】 阅读理解5 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 文章第二段末尾 Some sociologists nowregard the entire 600 一 mile stretch between Bostonand WashingtonD Can area holding a fifthof the countrys population-as one vast city or，as
46、they call it，megalopolis关键是读出one vastcity 即是 megalopolis。【知识模块】 阅读理解【知识模块】 阅读理解6 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 问写作目的，是主旨题。A 和 B 是文中的细节，并非作者意图， C项中“强调旅行社的作用”不正确，D 项意为“令人信服的交流对改变消费者态度很重要”，即强调广告的作用，故选 D。【知识模块】 阅读理解7 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 问的是客运量下降的原因。第一段中的 However 后面是答案所在：汽车方便，飞机长途旅行最快，火车不再是最快捷的旅行方式了。选 B，属于正话反说。【知识模块】 阅读理解8
47、【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 emphasized 和第三段中 stressed 都意为 “强调”，是同义替换：强调乘火车的经历是精彩美妙的历险。A、D 都是广告的一部分，不是强调的重点；B也不是广告强调的重点。故选 C。【知识模块】 阅读理解9 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 问广告放在面向家庭、表现大自然和美国的节目中的原因。第三段的 in order to 表示的就是目的：为了很好地吸引目标观众，再联系第一段的市场定位可推断出潜在的火车乘客就在这些节目的观众之中，故选 D。【知识模块】 阅读理解10 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 原因就是 was focused on in one ad：
48、被很好地做广告了，故选 A。【知识模块】 阅读理解【知识模块】 阅读理解11 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 本题考查全文的主题。尽管本文是一个世界银行的报告，但报告的主要内容是研究 02 岁儿童的营养不良问题对发展中国家的影响，选项 A 恰好是对全文内容的概括。【知识模块】 阅读理解12 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 根据题干提示定位到文章第二段。文中作者说引起营养不良还有许多其他原因，由本段第三句 For example，the study says that mothersoften fail to give their newly born babies their firstbreas
49、t milk可知，如果不能母乳喂养，婴儿会缺少增强免疫力的营养成分，所以选项 C 符合题意。【知识模块】 阅读理解13 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 由题干关键词 economic growth 定位到文章第三段首句，由随后的第二句话 A lack ofnutrition in early childhood can cost developingnations up to three percent of their yearly earnings可知，儿童缺乏营养会导致发展中国家损失最高可达百分之三的年收入。由此可以看出，儿童营养不良会拖累经济增长。本段第四句话 Thestudy suggests that poor countries could possiblydouble their economic growth if they improvednutrition也提到，如果贫穷国家能够改善儿童的营养，年度国家经济可能会翻倍增长。因此，选项 C 正确。【知识模块】 阅读理解14 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 由题
